标准编号:	GB/T 3836.11-2022
中文名称:	爆炸性环境 第11部分：气体和蒸气物质特性分类 试验方法和数据
英文名称:	Explosive atmospheres—Part 11：Material characteristics for gas and vapour classification—Test methods and data
中标分类:	K35    防爆电器
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	29.260.20 29.260.20    易爆环境用电气设备 29.260.20
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2022-10-12
实施日期:	2023-5-1
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB/T 3836.11-2017 爆炸性环境 第11部分：气体和蒸气物质特性分类 试验方法和数据
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	60000 字
翻译价格(元):	4000.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Explosive Atmospheres — Part 11: Material Characteristics for Gas and Vapour Classification — Test Methods and Data 1 Scope This document specifies the test methods and classification rules intended for the measurement of the maximum experimental safe gaps (MESG) for gas-air mixtures or vapour-air mixtures under normal conditions of temperature and pressure (20°C, 101.3 kPa). It provides guidance on classification of gases and vapours. This document gives the characteristic parameters of common flammable gases and vapours so as to permit the selection of an appropriate group of equipment. This document also specifies a test method intended for use in the determination of the auto-ignition temperature (AIT) of a vapour-air mixture or gas-air mixture at atmospheric pressure, so as to permit the selection of an appropriate temperature class of equipment. Values of chemical properties of materials are provided to assist in the selection of equipment to be used in hazardous areas. Further data may be added as the results of validated tests become available. The materials and the characteristics included in Table B.1 (see Annex B) have been selected with particular reference to the use of equipment in hazardous areas. The data in this document have been taken from a number of references which are given in the bibliography. These methods for determining the MESG or the AIT may also be used for gas-air-inert mixtures or vapour-air-inert mixtures. However, data on air-inert mixtures are not tabulated. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1773 Laboratory glassware - Narrow necked boiling flasks Note: GB/T 22362-2008 Laboratory glassware — Flasks (ISO 1773:1997, NEQ) IEC 60050-426 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Part 426: Equipment for explosive atmospheres Note: GB/T 2900.35-2008 Electrotechnical terminology - Equipment for explosive atmospheres (IEC 60050-426:2008, IDT) IEC 60079-11 Explosive atmospheres - Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety “i” Note: GB 3836.4-2021 Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety “i” (IEC 60079-11:2011, MOD) IEC 60079-14 Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Electrical installations design, selection and erection Note: GB/T 3836.15-2017 Explosive atmospheres - Part 15: Electrical installations design, selection and erection (IEC 60079-14:2007, MOD) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-426 and the following apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — IEC Electropedia: http://www.electropedia.org; — ISO: http://www.iso.org/obp 3.1 auto-ignition reaction which is evidenced by a clearly perceptible flame and/or explosion, and for which the ignition delay time does not exceed 5 min Note: See 7.2.2 for a test method. 3.2 ignition delay time time between the completed injection of the flammable material and the ignition 3.3 auto-ignition temperature AIT lowest temperature (of a surface) at which under specified test conditions an ignition of a flammable gas or vapour in mixture with air or air-inert gas occurs Note: See 7.2.2 for a test method. 3.4 maximum experimental safe gap MESG maximum gap of a joint of 25 mm in width which prevents any transmission of an explosion during tests made under the conditions specified in this document Note: See Clause 6 for a test method. 3.5 minimum igniting current MIC minimum current in a specified test circuit that causes the ignition of the explosive test mixture in the spark test apparatus according to IEC 60079-11 Note: See 5.1.6 for the test circuit. 3.6 flammable limits lower flammable limit (LFL) and upper flammable limit (UFL) of gas in a gas-air mixture, between which a flammable mixture is formed Note 1: The term “explosive limits” is used especially in European standardization and regulations interchangeably to describe these limits. Note 2: The concentration can be expressed as either a volume fraction or a mass per unit volume. 3.6.1 lower flammable limit LFL concentration of flammable gas or vapour in air, below which an explosive gas atmosphere does not form Note 1: For the purposes of Ex Equipment, this was previously referred to as the lower explosive limit (LEL). Note 2: The concentration can be expressed as either a volume fraction or a mass per unit volume. 3.6.2 upper flammable limit UFL concentration of flammable gas or vapour in air, above which an explosive gas atmosphere does not form Note 1: For the purposes of Ex Equipment, this was previously referred to as the upper explosive limit (UEL). Note 2: The concentration can be expressed as either a volume fraction or a mass per unit volume. 3.7 equipment grouping classification system of equipment related to the explosive atmosphere for which they are intended to be used Note: IEC 60079-0 identifies three equipment groups: — Group I: equipment for mines susceptible to fire damp; — Group II: which is sub-divided into groups IIA, IIB and IIC − equipment for all places with an explosive gas atmosphere other than mines susceptible to fire damp; — Group III: which is sub-divided into groups IIIA, IIIB and IIIC − equipment for all places with an explosive dust atmosphere other than mines susceptible to fire damp. 3.8 flash point FP lowest liquid temperature at which, under specified test conditions, a liquid gives off vapours in quantity such as to be capable of forming an ignitable vapour-air mixture 3.9 gas gaseous phase of a substance that cannot reach equilibrium with its liquid or solid state in the temperature and pressure range of interest Note: This is a simplification of the scientific definition, and merely requires that the substance is above its boiling point or sublimation point at the ambient temperature and pressure. 3.10 vapour gaseous phase of a substance that can reach equilibrium with its liquid or solid state in the temperature and pressure range of interest Note: This is a simplification of the scientific definition, and merely requires that the substance is below its boiling point or sublimation point at the ambient temperature and pressure. 4 Classification of gases and vapours 4.1 General Group I addresses mines susceptible to firedamp. Note: Firedamp consists mainly of methane, but always contains small quantities of other gases, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen, and sometimes ethane and carbon monoxide. The terms firedamp and methane are used frequently in mining practice as synonyms. Group II addresses flammable gases and vapours other than in mines susceptible to firedamp. Group II gases and vapours are classified according to their MESG and/or MIC ratio into groups IIA, IIB and IIC. All flammable materials are classified according to their AIT into temperature classes. 4.2 Classification according to the maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) Gases and vapours may be classified according to their MESG into Groups IIA, IIB or IIC, based on the determination method described in this document. In order to ensure standardized results the MESG apparatus is dimensioned to avoid the possible effects of obstruction on the safe gaps. Note 1: The standard method for determining MESG is described in Clause 6. But, where determinations have been undertaken only in an 8 L spherical vessel with ignition close to the flange gap these can be accepted provisionally. Note 2: The design of the test apparatus for safe gap determination, other than that used for selecting the appropriate equipment group of enclosure for a particular gas, may need to be different to the one described in this document. For example, the volume of the enclosure, flange width, gas concentrations and the distance between the flanges and any external wall or obstruction may have to be varied. As the design depends on the particular investigation which is to be undertaken, it is impracticable to recommend specific design requirements, but for most applications the general principles and precautions indicated in this document will still apply. Note 3: In IEC 60079-14 minimum distances of obstruction from the flameproof flange joints related to the equipment group of the hazardous area are given. For the purpose of classification, the MESG limits are: — Group IIA: MESG ≥ 0.90 mm. — Group IIB: 0.50 mm < MESG < 0.90 mm. — Group IIC: MESG ≤ 0.50 mm. Determination of both the MESG and MIC ratio is required when 0.50 < MESG < 0.55. Then the equipment group is determined by MIC ratio. Note 4: For gases and highly volatile liquids, the MESG is determined at 20°C. Note 5: If it was necessary to do the MESG determination at temperatures higher than ambient temperature a temperature 5 K above that needed to give the necessary vapour pressure or 50 K above the flash point is used. The value of MESG is given in Table 1 and the classification of the equipment group is based on this result. 4.3 Classification according to the minimum igniting current ratio (MIC ratio) Gases and vapours may be classified according to the ratio of their minimum igniting currents (MIC) to the ignition current of laboratory methane into Groups IIA, IIB or IIC. The purity of laboratory methane shall be not less than 99.9% by volume. Note: The standard method of determining MIC ratios is with the apparatus described in IEC 60079-11, but where determinations have been undertaken in other apparatus these can be accepted provisionally. For the purpose of classification, the MIC ratios are: — Group IIA: MIC > 0.80;

Foreword II Introduction VI 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Classification of gases and vapours 5 Data for flammable gases and vapours, relating to the use of equipment 6 Method of test for the maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) 7 Method of test for auto-ignition temperature (AIT) Annex A (Normative) Ovens of test apparatus for the tests of auto-ignition temperature Annex B (Informative) Tabulated values Annex C (Informative) Determination of cool flames Annex D (Informative) Volume dependence of auto-ignition temperature Bibliography

本文件是GB／T 3836《爆炸性环境》的第11部分。GB／T 3836已经发布了以下部分： ——第1部分：设备 通用要求； ——第2部分：由隔爆外壳“d”保护的设备； ——第3部分：由增安型“e”保护的设备； ——第4部分：由本质安全型“i”保护的设备； ——第5部分：由正压外壳“p”保护的设备； ——第6部分：由液浸型“o”保护的设备； ——第7部分：由充砂型“q”保护的设备； ——第8部分：由“n”型保护的设备； ——第9部分：由浇封型“m”保护的设备； ——第11部分：气体和蒸气物质特性分类 试验方法和数据； ——第12部分：可燃性粉尘物质特性试验方法； ——第13部分：设备的修理、检修、修复和改造； ——第14部分：场所分类 爆炸性气体环境； ——第15部分：电气装置的设计、选型和安装； ——第16部分：电气装置的检查与维护； ——第17部分：由正压房间“p”和人工通风房间“v”保护的设备； ——第18部分：本质安全电气系统； ——第20部分：设备保护级别（EPL）为Ga级的设备； ——第21部分：防爆产品生产质量管理体系的应用； ——第22部分：光辐射设备和传输系统的保护措施； ——第23部分：用于瓦斯和／或煤尘环境的I类EPL Ma级设备； ——第24部分：由特殊型“s”保护的设备； ——第25部分：可燃性工艺流体与电气系统之间的工艺密封要求； ——第26部分：静电危害 指南； ——第27部分：静电危害 试验； ——第28部分：爆炸性环境用非电气设备 基本方法和要求； ——第29部分：爆炸性环境用非电气设备 结构安全型“e”、控制点燃源型“b”、液浸型“k”； ——第30部分：地下矿井爆炸性环境用设备和元件； ——第31部分：由防粉尘点燃外壳“t”保护的设备； ——第32部分：电子控制火花时限本质安全系统； ——第33部分：严酷工作条件用设备； ——第34部分：成套设备； ——第35部分：爆炸性粉尘环境场所分类； ——第36部分：控制防爆设备潜在点燃源的电气安全装置。 1 范围 本文件规定了在正常温度和压力条件下（20℃，101.3 kPa）测定气体／空气混合物或蒸气／空气混合物最大试验安全间腺（MESG）的试验方法和分类原则，为气体和蒸气分类提供指南。本文件同时给出了常见的可燃性气体和蒸气的特征参数，以便选择适当的设备类别。本文件还规定了在大气压下测定蒸气／空气或气体／空气混合物自燃温度（AIT）的试验方法，以便选择适当的设备温度组别。提供的物质的化学特性值有助于选择危险场所适用设备。当可获得验证试验结果时，可进一步添加数据。 附录B的表B.1中包含的物质特性的选择特别考虑了设备在危险场所的使用情况。 本文件的数据来源于参考文献中列出的一些参考资料。 测定MESG或AIT的这些方法也可用于气体／空气／惰性气体混合物或蒸气／空气／惰性气体混合物。但是，关于空气／惰性气体混合物的数据未列出。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。 ISO 1773实验室玻璃仪器 细口烧瓶（Laboratory glassware—Narrow necked boiling flasks） 注：GB／T 22362-2008 实验室玻璃仪器 烧瓶（ISO 1773：1997，NEQ） IEC 60050-426国际电工词汇 第426部分：爆炸性环境用设备（International Electrotechnical Vocabulary—Part 426 ：Equipment for explosive atmospheres） 注：GB／T 2900.35-2008 电工术语 爆炸性环境用设备（IEC 60050 426：2008，IDT） IEC 60079-11爆炸性环境 第11部分：由本质安全型“i”保护的设备（Explosive atmospheres—Part 11：Equipment protection by intrinsic safety“i”） 注：GB／T 3836.4-2021 爆炸性环境 第4部分：由本质安全型“i”保护的设备（IEC 60079-11：2011，MOD） IEC 60079-14 爆炸性环境 第14部分：电气装置的设计、选型和安装（Explosive atmospheres—Part 14：Electrical installations design， selection and erection） 注：GB／T 3836.15-2017 爆炸性环境 第15部分：电气装置的设计、选型和安装（IEC 60079-14.2007，MOD） 3 术语和定义 IEC 60050-426界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 ISO和IEC在以下地址维护用于标准化的术语数据库： ——IEC：http：//www.electropedia.org／ ——ISO：http：//www.iso.org／obp 3.1 自燃 auto-ignition 有清晰可察觉的火焰和／或爆炸迹象，且点燃延迟时间不超过5min的反应。 注：试验方法见第7章。 3.2 点燃延迟时间 ignition delay time 可燃性物质完全注入到点燃之间的时间。 3.3 自燃温度 auto-ignition temperature AIT 在规定试验条件下，使可燃性气体或蒸气与空气或者可燃性气体或蒸气与空气／惰性气体混合物点燃的（表面）最低温度。 注：试验方法见第7章。 3.4 最大试验安全间隙 maximum experimental safe gap MESG 在本文件规定的条件下进行试验时，能够阻止爆炸通过宽度为25mm的接合面传播的最大间隙。 注：试验方法见第6章。 3.5 最小点燃电流 minimum igniting current MIC 依据IEC 60079-11，规定的电路中引起火花试验装置中爆炸性试验混合物点燃的最小电流。 注：试验方法见5.1.6。 3.6 燃烧极限 flammable limits 气体-空气混合物中气体的燃烧下限（LFL）和燃烧上限（UFL），在两者之间形成可燃性混合物。 注1：术语“燦炸极限”尤其用于欧洲标准化和法规中，也可用于描述这些极限。 注2：浓度可表示为体积分数或单位体积质量。 3.6.1 燃烧下限 lower flammable limit LFL 空气中的可燃性气体或蒸气的浓度，低于该浓度就不能形成爆炸性气体环境。 注1：出于Ex设备的目的，以前被称为爆炸下限（LEL）。 注2：浓度可用体积分数或单位体积质量来表示。 3.6.2 燃烧上限 upper flammable limit UFL 空气中的可燃性气体或蒸气的浓度，高于该浓度就不能形成爆炸性气体环境。 注1：出于Ex设备的目的，以前被称为爆炸上限（UEL）。 注2：浓度可用体积分数或单位体积质量来表示。 3.7 设备类别 equipment grouping 与设备拟用于的爆炸性环境有关的分类方法。 注：IEC 60079-0将设备划分为三类： ——I类：煤矿瓦斯气体环境用设备； ——II类：除煤矿瓦斯气体环境之外的所有其他爆炸性气体环境用设备，这类设备又划分为IIA、IIB、IIC。 ——III类：除煤矿之外的所有其他爆炸性粉尘环境用设备，这类设备又划分为IIIA、IIIB、IIIC。 3.8 闪点 flash point FP 在规定的试验条件下，使液体释放出大量的蒸气而形成能被点燃的蒸气与空气混合物的最低液体温度。 3.9 气体 gas 在相关的温度和压力范围内不能与其液态或固态达到平衡的气态的物质。 注：这是科学定义的简化，只要求物质在环境温度和压力下在其沸点或升华点之上。 3.10 蒸气 vapour 在相关的温度和压力范围内能与其液态或固态达到平衡的气态的物质。 注：这是科学定义的简化，只要求物质在环境温度和压力下在其沸点或升华点之下。 4 气体和蒸气分类 4.1 总则 I类针对煤矿瓦斯气体环境； 注：瓦斯的主要成分是甲烷，但通常还包括少量的其他气体，如氮气、二氧化碳和氢气，有时还有乙烷和一氧化碳。在煤矿中，瓦斯和甲烷常作为同义词使用。 II类针对除煤矿瓦斯气体环境之外其他爆炸性气体环境。II类气体和蒸气依据其最大试验安全间隙（MESG）和／或最小点燃电流比（MICR）分为IIA类、IIB类和IIC类。 所有可燃性物质依据其自燃温度（AIT）划分温度组别。 4.2 依据最大试验安全间隙（MESG）分类 基于本文件描述的测定方法，气体和蒸气可依据其最大试验安全间隙（MESG）分为IIA类、IIB类和IIC类。为了确保标准化的结果，MESG试验设备规定尺寸以避免障碍物对安全间隙的可能影响。 注1：测定最大试验安全间隙的标准方法在第6章中描述。但是，如果仅采用8L球形容器在靠近法兰间隙处点燃进行测定，可暂时接受。 注2：与特定气体选择合适的外壳类别所用试验装置不同，测定安全间隙的试验装置，设计可能需要与本文件规定的设备不同。例如外壳容积、法兰宽度、气体浓度、法兰与任何外壳壁或障碍物的距离都可能要变动。设计需要进行专门的研究，所以要推荐具体的设计要求不合实际，但是对于大多数应用情况，本文件有关条款介绍的一般原理和注意事项仍然适用。 注3：在IEC 60079-14中，给出了与危险场所设备类别相关的隔爆法兰接合面与障碍物的最小距离。 为了进行分类，最大试验安全间隙（MESG）限值如下： ——IIA类：MESG≥0.90 mm； ——IIB类：0.50 mm＜MESG＜0.90 mm； ——IIC类：MESG≤0.50 mm。 当0.50 mm＜MESG＜0.55 mm时，需要同时测定MESG和MICR。然后由MICR确定类别。 注4：对于气体和易挥发性液体，在20℃时测定最大试验安全间隙。 注5：如果需要在高于环境温度时测定MESG，则采用比产生必要的蒸气压力高5 K的温度或者比内点高50K的温度。表B.1中给出了MESG值，并且设备类别的划分以该结果为基础。 4.3 依据最小点燃电流比（MICR）分类 气体和蒸气可依据其最小点燃电流与实验室甲烷的点燃电流之比分为IIA类、IIB类和IIC类。实验室甲烷的纯度不应小于99.9％（体积分数）。 注：测定最小点燃电流比的标准方法是使用IEC 60079-1规定的设备，但是，如果使用其他装置进行测定，可暂时接受。