Wind turbine generator systems for cold environments
1 Scope
This standard specifies the applicable temperature range, technical requirements, inspection, installation, operation and maintenance of wind turbine generator systems for cold environments.
This standard is applicable to the horizontal-axis wind turbine generator system with an area swept by the wind wheel equal to or greater than 200m2.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1040.2 Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics
GB/T 2423.1 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products — Part 2: Test methods — Tests A: Cold
GB/T 2423.10 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products — Part 2: Tests methods — Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
GB/T 2900.53 Electro-technical terminology — Wind turbine generator systems
GB/T 2951.14 Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables — Part 14: Methods for general application — Test at low temperature
GB/T 3355 Test method for longitudinal transverse shear (L-T shear) properties of fiber reinforced plastics
GB/T 7124 Adhesives — Determination of tensile lap-shear strength of rigid-to-rigid bonded assemblies
GB/T 18451.1 Wind turbine generator systems — Design requirements
GB/T 18451.2 Power performance measurements of electricity producing wind turbines
GB/T 19073 Gearbox of wind turbine generator systems
GB/T 19960.1 Wind turbine generator system — Part 1: Technology condition
GB/T 19960.2 Wind turbine generator system — Part 2: Test methods
ISO 2533:1975 Standard atmosphere
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2900.53 and the following apply.
3.1
operation temperature
allowable ambient temperature range for normal operation of equipment
3.2
survival temperature
extreme ambient temperature range used in the design of equipment, in which the equipment will not be damaged
4 General requirements and low temperature assessment
4.1 Wind turbine generator systems for cold environments shall not only meet the requirements of GB/T 18451.1, but also meet the requirements of all clauses of this standard.
4.2 The operation temperature of wind turbine generator systems for cold environments is -30°C ~ +40°C; the survival temperature is -40°C ~ +50°C.
4.3 The extreme ambient temperature of wind farm adopts the average of temperature extreme value for many years (at least 10 years). The occurrence time of the annual extreme value of low temperature is usually about 10 hours, while the annual extreme value of high temperature usually is about 5 hours. The probability of low temperature extreme value is about 0.1%.
4.4 The state and ambient temperature of the wind turbine generator systems shall be considered when selecting materials and parts. At low temperature, appropriate measures may be taken to ensure the safety and normal operation of each system of the wind turbine generator systems.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Loads
5.1.1 The air density at each temperature is calculated according to ISO 2533:1975 with reference to the standard air density. If there is measured air density data, the measured data shall be used, and the measurement method shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 18451.2.
5.1.2 Load calculation shall be carried out in combination with low temperature control strategy.
5.1.3 The influence of material performance change on load in low temperature environments shall be considered.
5.1.4 The influence of icing on load shall be considered.
5.1.5 See Annex A for other load assumptions.
5.2 Structural design
5.2.1 The reliability of the structure within the survival temperature range of wind turbine generator systems for cold environments shall be verified by calculation or test.
5.2.2 Wind turbine generator systems for cold environments may adopt heating measures to increase the adaptability of mechanical and electrical components to cold environment.
5.2.3 Important load-bearing components (towers, blades, hubs, etc.) subjected to dynamic load shall be applicable to the minimum survival temperature of wind turbine generator systems for cold environments.
5.2.4 Other important load-bearing components (main shaft, rack, etc.) subjected to dynamic load shall be applicable to the minimum operation temperature of wind turbine generator systems for cold environments.
5.2.5 The thermal expansion coefficients of fiber and matrix of fiber reinforced composite materials are different, and internal stress and microcracks may occur inside the materials, so the influence on the strength and performance of structural parts shall be considered.
5.2.6 The influence of lubricant viscosity change in low temperature environment on structural design is considered.
5.2.7 The influence of prestress and assembly use level change in low temperature environment on structural design is considered, especially the selection of bearing clearance.
5.2.8 The influence of low temperature environmental vibration on structural design is considered.
5.2.9 It shall be controlled to avoid large impact load, in low temperature environment.
5.2.10 In specific geographical locations (such as high humidity areas), it may be considered to install icing detection devices in the whole wind farm.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General requirements and low temperature assessment
5 Technical requirements
6 Inspection
7 Installation, operation and maintenance
Annex A (Normative) Load calculation
Bibliography
