1 Scope
1.1 This part of GB/T 16508 specifies the general technical requirements for the material, design, fabrication, inspection, safety accessories, combustion system, installation, operation, energy-saving and environment protection of stationary shell boilers.
1.2 This part is applicable to the stationary pressure shell boilers with water as medium, evaporating heating surface mainly arranged on shell or boiler furnace arranged in shell which meet the following conditions:
a) Steam boiler with water volume at the design normal water level greater than or equal to 30L and the rated steam pressure greater than or equal to 0.1MPa (gauge pressure; the same below);
b) Hot-water boiler with the rated outflow pressure greater than or equal to 0.1MPa or the rated power greater than or equal to 0.1MW;
1.3 This part is not applicable to the following equipment:
a) Portable boiler (e.g. marine boiler, railway locomotive traction boiler);
b) Cooling devices required for equipment and process flow cooling;
c) Boiler for military use.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1576 Water Quality for Industrial Boilers
GB/T 1921 Parameters for Industrial Steam Boilers
GB/T 3166 Parameters for Hot Water Boilers
GB/T 2900.48 Electrotechnical Terminology of Boilers
GB 8978 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard
GB/T 10180 Thermal Performance Test Code for Industrial Boilers
GB/T 10863 Thermal Test Method for Gas Pass Heat Recovery Boiler
GB/T 12145 Quality Criterion of Water and Steam for Generating Unit and Steam Power Equipment
GB 12348 Standard of Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises
GB 13271 Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Boiler
GB/T 16507 Water-tube Boilers
GB/T 16508.2 Shell Boilers - Part 2: Material
GB/T 16508.3 Shell Boilers - Part 3: Design and Strength Calculation
GB/T 16508.4 Shell Boilers - Part 4: Fabrication, Inspection and Acceptance
GB/T 16508.5 Shell Boilers - Part 5: Safety Appurtenances and Instruments
GB/T 16508.6 Shell Boilers - Part 6: Combustion Systems
GB/T 16508.7 Shell Boilers - Part 7: Installation
GB/T 16508.8 Shell Boilers - Part 8: Operation
GB/T 22395 Specification for Design of Boiler Steel Structures
GB 24747 Safety Technology Conditions for Heat Transfer Fluids
JB/T 6734 Strength Calculation Method for Boiler Fillet Weld
JB/T 6735 Calculation Method for Strength of Boiler Hanger Rod
NB/T 47013
(JB/T 4730) Nondestructive Testing of Pressure Equipment
NB/T 47014 Welding Procedure Qualification for Pressure Equipment
TSG G0001 Boiler Safety Technical Supervision Administration Regulation
TSG G0002 Supervision Administration Regulation on Energy Conservation Technology for Boiler
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 2900.48 and those listed below apply.
3.1
Rated pressure
The rated pressure of boiler refers to the boiler outlet pressure which must be ensured for the long-term continuous operation at the specified feedwater pressure and within the load range, it is also the rated operating pressure or rated outlet pressure marked on the boiler nameplate.
3.2
Operating pressure
The maximum pressure borne by the pressure component under normal operating conditions.
3.3
Design pressure
The maximum pressure of pressure component (part) set as required, which is taken as the design load conditions together with the corresponding design temperature; its value shall not be less than the operating pressure.
3.4
Calculating pressure
The pressure used to determine the theoretical required thickness of pressure part at corresponding design temperature.
3.5
Safety release pressure
The pressure of safety valve upon releasing, also referred to as set pressure of safety valve.
3.6
Hydrostatic test pressure
The pressure applied when conducting hydrostatic test for boiler system or pressure component (part) as required.
3.7
Rated temperature
The working fluid temperature at the outlet which shall be ensured for long-term continuous operation under specified design conditions.
3.8
Calculating temperature
The metal temperature of part set under normal operating conditions (the mean temperature along the metal section of part).
3.9
Test temperature
The metal temperature of pressure part in pressure test.
3.10
Required thickness
The thickness of pressure part determined according to theoretical calculation formula. Where necessary, thickness required by other loads shall also be calculated.
3.11
Design thickness
The sum of required thickness and corrosion allowance.
3.12
Nominal thickness
The sum of the design thickness, the thickness tolerance of steels and the manufacturing thickness reduction which are rounded off to the standard specifications, i.e. the thickness indicated in the drawing.
3.13
Effective thickness
The difference of the nominal thickness deducting the corrosion allowance, the thickness tolerance of steels and the manufacturing thickness reduction.
3.14
Minimum required fabrication thickness
It refers to the minimum thickness ensuring the design requirements after the fabrication of pressure part.
3.15
Failure mode
The failure mode making the product lose its specified function.
3.16
Safety accessory
Apparatus or device preventing the equipment from exceeding the design conditions.
3.17
Boiler thermal efficiency
The percentage of effectively utilized heat quantity of boiler in unit time accounting for the boiler heating input, or corresponding to the percentage of effectively utilized heat quantity of fuel per kilogram (solid and liquid fuels) or heat input per standard cubic meter (gas fuel).
3.18
The highest fire line
The highest point of water side under the erosion of flame or high-temperature flue gas on the evaporating heating surface of boiler.
3.19
Component space
It means that adequate space must be provided between adjacent parts of different wall temperatures on the tube plate so as to avoid overlarge temperature difference stress.
4 Qualification and Responsibilities
4.1 Qualification
4.1.1 Organization qualification
The fabrication, inspection, testing and installation organizations of boilers shall obtain corresponding special equipment license qualification according to the requirements of "Regulations on Safety Supervision over Special Equipment".
4.1.2 Personnel qualification
4.1.2.1 The welding personnel of the boiler pressure parts shall be assessed according to the requirements of relevant safety technical codes such as "Examination Rules for Welding Operators of Special Equipment" and may be engaged in the welding work within the acceptable project scope within the period of validity after obtaining the "Special Equipment Operator Certificate".
4.1.2.2 The non-destructive inspection personnel may only undertake non-destructive testing with type and technical level corresponding to the qualification certificate after obtaining the special equipment operator qualification certificate according to the requirements of relevant technical codes.
4.1.2.3 The operation personnel of boiler using organization shall be provided with corresponding qualification required by safety technical codes.
4.2 Responsibilities
4.2.1 Using organization
Working conditions of boiler equipment which shall be provided for fabrication organization in written form shall at least cover the following contents:
a) Boiler load;
b) Temperature and pressure of outlet medium;
c) Combustion mode and fuel characteristic;
d) Environmental and site requirements;
e) Energy efficiency index and discharge requirements;
f) Other requirements, etc.
4.2.2 Fabrication organization
4.2.2.1 Fabrication organization shall establish the quality system and effectively operate it according to the requirements of relevant safety technical codes, meanwhile it shall accept the supervision by the special equipment safety supervision institution and be responsible for the quality of the fabricated boiler products.
4.2.2.2 Fabrication organization shall ensure the correctness and integrity of design document and the modification shall be traceable.
4.2.2.3 Boilers shall be subject to various inspections and tests according to the requirements of this standard and drawings during fabrication and after completion, and corresponding inspection and test reports shall be issued.
4.2.2.4 Upon product delivery, safety-related technical information shall be provided for the using organization according to the requirements of GB/T 16508.4, at least covering:
a) Boiler drawing (including general drawing, installation drawing and main pressure part drawing, etc.);
b) Strength calculation sheet or calculation result summary sheet of pressure part;
c) Discharge volume calculation sheet or calculation result summary sheet of safety valve;
d) Boiler quality certificate (including delivery certificate, material certificate of main pressure part, welding quality certificate, non-destructive testing report and hydrostatic test report, etc.);
e) Installation instructions and operating instructions of boiler;
f) Significant design change information of pressure part;
g) Water flow diagram and hydrodynamic calculation sheet of hot-water boiler (except natural-circulation shell boiler);
h) Fabrication, supervision and inspection certificate;
i) Technical information concerned with safety and energy conservation.
4.2.2.5 For the fabricated boilers within the design service life, the fabrication organization shall not only preserve the above technical information of delivery, but also properly preserve the following technical documents for future reference:
a) Boiler design detail;
b) Material utilization list;
c) Fabrication process diagram or fabrication process card;
d) Welding process document;
e) Heat treatment process document;
f) Inspection and test record during fabrication process and after completion;
g) Fabrication, supervision and inspection certificate;
h) Permissible project selection record, etc.
4.2.3 Installation Organization
The installation organization shall carry out installation construction according to relevant safety technical codes and standards as well as the boiler drawings and installation instructions provided by the boiler manufacturer, and shall be responsible for the construction safety and quality.
Foreword I
Introduction II
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Qualification and Responsibilities
5 Definition of the Boiler Range
6 General Technical Requirements
7 Steam-water Quality
8 Requirements for Energy Conservation and Environment Protection
Appendix A (Normative) Declaration of Conformity and Revision for the Standard
