标准编号:	GB 50352-2019
中文名称:	民用建筑设计统一标准
英文名称:	Unified standard for design of civil building
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
发布机构:	中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部
发布日期:	2019-03-13
实施日期:	2019-10-1
标准状态:	现行
替代旧标准:	GB 50352-2005 民用建筑设计通则
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	50000 字
翻译价格(元):	610.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



This standard is revised by the drafting group through investigating and researching extensively, summarizing practical experiences carefully, with reference to relevant foreign advanced standards based on extensive investigation and solicitation of opinions according to the requirements of Notice on Printing Development and Revision Plan of National Engineering Construction Standards and Codes in 2014 (JIAN BIAO [2013] No. 169) issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.



The main technical contents of this standard are: 1. General provisions; 2. Terms; 3. Basic requirements; 4. Planning control; 5. Site planning; 6. Architecture design; 7. Indoor environment; 8. Building implements.



Main technical contents revised in this standard are as follows:



1. The requirements of architectural design to reflect regional culture and time characteristics are added.



2. Some terms are revised and added.



3. The classification of residential buildings by the number of storeys is modified into that by height. The relationship between architecture and environment is divided into two aspects: natural environment and human environment. The requirements of the identification system are added. The requirements for building module and disaster prevention and asylum are added and content requirements for barrier-free facilities and parking spaces of building are deleted.



4. “Restriction of city planning to building” is changed to “planning control”, the main technical contents of planning control are highlighted, and two sections “city design” and “building connection” are added; the original “building density, plot ratio and greening ratio” is incorporated into the section “Building base”.



5. Contents about cultural relics and historical sites, ancient and famous trees are added in architectural composition. Requirements for parking lot design are added. Appropriate correction and adjustment to the original vertical design is made, the requirements for the greening engineering of the underground building roof are added; correction and adjustment to some content of the outdoor pipeline is made.



6. The principle of determining the number of people using the building is specified and the relevant requirements for the basement are supplemented. Relevant requirements to equipment floor and arrangement of equipment room outside the refuge area on refuge floor are added. Service radius requirements for indoor public toilets are added. The concept of the net width of the stairs is defined and the requirements for the anti-skid factor are added. Requirements for wall sound insulation and anti-seepage are added; requirements for anti-drainage structure of external window and sills are added. The design requirements for doors and windows, curtain walls, non-slip floors and ceilings are added. Environmental protection requirements for indoor and outdoor decoration materials are newly added. Requirements for the renovation of existing buildings are added.



7. Daylighting requirements for bedrooms and living rooms of residential buildings, medical buildings, and educational buildings are added; lighting quantity and quality index requirements are added; and requirements for artificial lighting environments are expressed. Moisture-proof contents are added and relevant requirements for passive energy-saving technologies to improve indoor thermal environment are newly added. Requirements related to acoustic design are added.



8. Technical contents of the water supply and drainage specialty are adjusted. The basic conditions of central heating are further defined. The requirements for the installation of HVAC equipment in existing buildings are added. The relevant provisions of the electrical specialty are improved and adjusted, and the requirements for the exposed-laid air-termination system are added. Requirements for fuel gas are supplemented.



The provisions printed in bold type in this standard are compulsory and must be enforced strictly.



The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is in charge of the administration of this standard and the explanation of the compulsory provision, and China Institute of Building Standard Design and Research is responsible for the explanation of specific technical contents. During the process of implementing this Code, any opinion or suggestion are kindly requested to be posted or passed on to China Institute of Building Standard Design & Research Co., Ltd. (Address: 2# Interwest International Center, No. 9 Shouti South Road, Haidian District, 100048, Beijing)





Uniform standard for design of civil buildings



1 General provisions



1.0.1 In order to meet the "applicable, economic, green and beautiful building" principles for civil buildings, to meet the basic requirements of safety, sanitation and environmental protection, and to unify the general design requirements of various civil buildings, this standard is prepared.



1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the design for new construction, extension and renovation of civil building.



1.0.3 In addition to the implementation of relevant national laws and regulations, civil building design shall also meet the following requirements:



1 The relationship between people, architecture and the environment shall be properly addressed in accordance with the principles of sustainable development.



2 Ecological environment must be protected to prevent environment pollution and destruction.



3 People orientation shall be adopted to meet the physical and spiritual needs of people.



4 Basic national policies of saving land, energy, water and raw materials shall be implemented.



5 The design shall meet the requirements of the local urban and rural planning and coordinate with the surrounding environment. It should reflect the regional culture and times features.



6 As for the building and environment, the disaster prevention safety measures such as fire prevention, earthquake resistance, flood prevention, air defense, wind, snow and thunder resistance shall be adopted comprehensively.



7 Barrier-free (accessible) facilities shall be provided in indoor and outdoor environments to facilitate the use of handicapped people.



8 All construction involving famous historical and cultural cities, towns, villages, historical and cultural blocks, cultural relics protection units, historical buildings, scenic spots and natural reserves shall comply with the provisions of relevant protection planning.



The design of civil buildings shall comply with both the requirements of this standard and those stipulated in the relevant current national standards. 

2 Terms



2.0.1 civil building

the general term of the building for people living and public activities



2.0.2 residential building

building for people to live and use



2.0.3 public building

building for people to conduct various public activities



2.0.4 accessibility facilities

service facilities to ensure safe passage and convenient use of personnel, and to be constructed in conjunction with civil construction projects.



2.0.5 construction site

site for the construction project, which is determined according to the nature of the land and the use of ownership



2.0.6 boundary line of roads

boundary line of land for urban roads (including residential area roads)



2.0.7 property line

boundary line for the land use rights of various types of construction projects



2.0.8 building line

boundary line that the planning administrative department separately defines and the main body of a building (structure) above the ground shall not extend beyond within the boundary line of roads and construction land boundary



2.0.9 building density; building coverage ratio

the ratio (%) of the total area of the foundation of the building to the total land area within a certain land area



2.0.10 plot ratio; floor area ratio

the ratio of the total area of the building to the area of the land within a certain land use and floor use range



2.0.11 greening rate

the ratio (%) of the total area of various types of green space to the total area of the land (%) within a certain land use area



2.0.12 insolation standard

the insolation time obtained from the outer window of the building at the calculation starting point from the sill surface of the storey with the sunshine requirement within the effective insolation time of the specified standard day of sunshine (Winter Day or Great Cold Day) according to the climatic zone in which the building is located, the size of the city, and the nature of the use of the building



2.0.13 storey height

the vertical distance calculated according to the floors of the building and the floor surface (finished surface); as for the attic floor, it refers to the vertical distance from the floor surface (finished surface) to the structural surface layer of the flat roof or the structural surface layer to the intersection of structural surface layer of the slope top and the extension line of the surface of outer wall



2.0.14 interior clear height

vertical distance of the effective use space from the floor cover / floor surface layer (finished surface) to the ceiling or superstructure, the bottom of the roof.



2.0.15 basement

a room whose floor level is lower than outdoor ground level by more than 1/2 the net height of the room



2.0.16 semi-basement

a room whose floor level is lower than outdoor ground level by 1/3~1/2 of the net height of the room



2.0.17 equipment floor

space layer specially for the equipment and pipelines of HVAC, air conditioning, water supply and drainage, electrical engineering, etc., and for personnel to enter for operation



2.0.18 refuge storey

storey for the personnel to hide from fire and smoke hazard temporarily in case of fire in high-rise buildings with a height of more than 100.0m



2.0.19 open floor

open space for structure support and without peripheral retaining wall



2.0.20 step

stepped passage for pedestrians connected to indoors or outdoors floors or grounds of different elevations



2.0.21 the vertical height between two open space

vertical distance between the upper and lower floors if there is a height difference between adjacent open spaces



2.0.22 ramp

ramped traffic passage for pedestrians and vehicles connected to indoors or outdoors floors or grounds of different elevations



2.0.23 railing

protective partitioning member for securing personal safety or separating spaces with a certain safety height



2.0.24 stair

building component consisting of steps for continuous walking, rest platforms, and rails for safety maintenance rails (or breast board), and corresponding support structures and for vertical traffic between floors



2.0.25 deformation joint

structural joint preserved to prevent the building from being exposed to external factors, additional deformation and stress generated inside the structure which causes to be cracked, collided or even destroyed, including expansion joints, settlement joints and anti-seismic joints



2.0.26 building curtain wall

building peripheral retaining wall consisting of the panel and the supporting structural system (supporting device and supporting structure), which can have a certain displacement capacity relative to the main body structure or has a certain deformation capability, and does not bear the action of the main structure



2.0.27 suspended ceiling

ceiling suspended under the roof or slab structure of the house



2.0.28 pipe shaft

vertical hoistway in a building for arranging vertical equipment pipeline and equipment



2.0.29 smoke uptake; smoke flue

pipes and shafts that emit various flue gases



2.0.30 air shaft

pipelines and shafts that exhaust indoors bad gas or transmit fresh air



2.0.31 decoration; finishing

detailed processing and artistic processing of the interior and exterior spaces of the building based on the main structure of the building



2.0.32 daylighting

measures to make natural illuminance obtained for the space inside the building meets the requirements of use, safety, comfort, and aesthetics, in order to ensure that the living, work or production activities of people have a suitable light environment



2.0.33 daylight factor

the ratio of the illuminance produced by direct or indirect reception of sky-diffuse light from a hypothetical and known sky brightness distribution, and the sky-diffuse illuminance produced by the sky hemisphere on an outdoor unobstructed level at the same time, at a point on a given plane in the room



2.0.34 standard value of daylight factor

the value of the daylighting factor if the visual function requirements are met under the specified outdoor natural light design illumination



2.0.35 ventilation

technologies to make the air quality meet the requirements of hygiene, safety and comfort by ventilating the space inside the building with natural or mechanical methods in order to ensure that the life, work or production activities of people have a suitable air environment



2.0.36 noise

external disturbance sound that affect people's normal life, work, study, rest, and even damage physical or mental health



2.0.37 building connection

underground or overground building built across the red line of the road and the boundary of the construction land and connecting the different lands



 

3 Basic requirements



3.1 Classification of civil buildings



3.1.1 Civil buildings can be classified into residential buildings and public buildings according to their functions. In addition, residential buildings can be classified into residential buildings and dormitory buildings.



3.1.2 Classification of civil buildings according to the height or floor number of the building shall comply with the following provisions:



1 Residential buildings with a height of not more than 27.0m, public buildings with a building height of not more than 24.0m, and single-storey public buildings with a building height of more than 24.0m are low-rise or multi-storey civil buildings;



2 Residential buildings with a height of more than 27.0 m and not more than 100.m and non-single-story public buildings with a height of more than 24.0 m and not more than 100.0 m are high-rise civil buildings;



3 The buildings with the height greater than 100.0m are super high-rise buildings.



Note: the building fire protection design shall comply with the current national standard GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings on the calculation of building height and floor number.



3.1.3 The grading of civil building grades shall be in accordance with the relevant national standards or the regulations of the competent authorities of the industry.

Foreword i
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Basic requirements
3.1 Classification of civil buildings
3.2 Designed service life
3.3 Basic requirements of climate region of building
3.4 Architecture and environment
3.5 Building module
3.6 Disaster prevention and asylum
4 Planning control
4.1 Urban planning and city design
4.2 Construction base site
4.3 Building surface eruption
4.4 Building connection
4.5 Building height
5 Site planning
5.1 Architectural composition
5.2 Road and hard standing
5.3 Vertical design
5.4 Greening design
5.5 Layout of pipeline engineering
6 Architecture design
6.1 Determining of rate number of users
6.2 Layout design
6.3 Storey height and interior clear height
6.4 Basement and semibasement
6.5 Equipment floor, refuge storey and open floor
6.6 Bathroom
6.7 Step, ramp and railing
6.8 Stairs
6.9 Elevators, escalators and moving walkways
6.10 Wall detail and deformation joint
6.11 Door and window
6.12 Building curtain wall
6.13 Floor
6.14 Roof
6.15 Suspended ceiling
6.16 Piping shaft, flue and air shaft
6.17 Decoration
7 Indoor environment
7.1 Lighting environment
7.2 Ventilation
7.3 Thermal environment
7.4 Acoustical environment
8 Building implements
8.1 Water supply and drainage
8.2 Heating ventilating and air conditioning
8.3 Architecture electric
8.4 Gas
Explanation of wording in this standard
List of quoted standards

1 总 则
1.0.1 为使民用建筑符合适用、经济、绿色、美观的建筑方针，满足安全、卫生、环保等基本要求，统一各类民用建筑的通用设计要求，制定本标准。
1.0.2本标准适用于新建、扩建和改建的民用建筑设计。
1.0.3 民用建筑设计除应执行国家有关法律、法规外，尚应符合下列规定：
1应按可持续发展的原则，正确处理人、建筑和环境的相互关系。
2必须保护生态环境，防止污染和破坏环境。
3 应以人为本，满足人们物质与精神的需求。
4应贯彻节约用地、节约能源、节约用水和节约原材料的基本国策。
5应满足当地城乡规划的要求，并与周围环境相协调。宜体现地域文化、时代特色。
6建筑和环境应综合采取防火、抗震、防洪、防空、抗风雪和雷击等防灾安全措施。
7应在室内外环境中提供无障碍设施，方便行动有障碍的人士使用。
8涉及历史文化名城名镇名村、历史文化街区、文物保护单位、历史建筑和风景名胜区、自然保护区的各项建设，应符合相关保护规划的规定。
1.0.4民用建筑设计除应符合本标准外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。
2术 语
2.0.1 民用建筑civil building
供人们居住和进行公共活动的建筑的总称。
2.0.2居住建筑residential building
供人们居住使用的建筑。
2.0.3公共建筑public building
供人们进行各种公共活动的建筑。
2.0.4无障碍设施accessibility facilities
保障人员通行安全和使用便利，与民用建筑工程配套建设的服务设施。
2.0.5建筑基地construction site
根据用地性质和使用权属确定的建筑工程项目的使用场地。
2.0.6道路红线boundary line of roads
城市道路(含居住区级道路)用地的边界线。
2.0.7用地红线property line
各类建设工程项目用地使用权属范围的边界线。
2.0.8建筑控制线building line
规划行政主管部门在道路红线、建设用地边界内，另行划定的地面以上建(构)筑物主体不得超出的界线。
2.0.9建筑密度 building density; building coverage ratio
在一定用地范围内，建筑物基底面积总和与总用地面积的比率(％)。
2.0.10容积率plot ratio：floor area ratio
在一定用地及计容范围内，建筑面积总和与用地面积的比值。
2.0.11 绿地率greening rate
在一定用地范围内，各类绿地总面积占该用地总面积的比率(％)。
2.0.12 日照标准 insolation standard
根据建筑物所处的气候区、城市规模和建筑物的使用性质确定的，在规定的日照标准日(冬至日或大寒日)的有效日照时间范围内，以有日照要求楼层的窗台面为计算起点的建筑外窗获得的日照时间。
2.0.13 层高 storey height
建筑物各层之间以楼、地面面层(完成面)计算的垂直距离，屋顶层由该层楼面面层(完成面)至平屋面的结构面层或至坡顶的结构面层与外墙外皮延长线的交点计算的垂直距离。
2.0.14室内净高interior clear height
从楼、地面面层(完成面)至吊顶或楼盖、屋盖底面之间的有效使用空间的垂直距离。
2.0.15地下室basement
房间地平面低于室外地平面的高度超过该房间净高的1/2者为地下室。
2.0.16半地下室 semi-basement
房间地平面低于室外地平面的高度超过该房间净高的1/3，且不超过1/2者为半地下室。
2.0.17设备层equipment floor
建筑物中专为设置暖通、空调、给水排水和电气等的设备和管道且供人员进入操作用的空间层。
2.0.18避难层 refuge storey
在高度超过100.0m的高层建筑中，用于人员在火灾时暂时躲避火灾及其烟气危害的楼层。
2.0.19 架空层open floor
用结构支撑且无外围护墙体的开敝空间。
2.0.20台阶step
连接室外或室内的不同标高的楼面、地面，供人行的阶梯式交通道。
2.0.21临空高度the vertical height between two open space
相邻开敞空间有高差时，上下楼地面之间的垂直距离。
2.0.22坡道 ramp
连接室外或室内的不同标高的楼面、地面，供人行或车行的斜坡式交通道。
2.0.23栏杆railing
具有一定的安全高度，用以保障人身安全或分隔空间用的防护分隔构件。
2.0.24楼梯stair
由连续行走的梯级、休息平台和维护安全的栏杆(或栏板)、扶手以及相应的支承结构组成的作为楼层之间垂直交通用的建筑部件。
2.0.25变形缝deformation joint
为防止建筑物在外界因素作用下，结构内部产生附加变形和应力，导致建筑物开裂、碰撞甚至破坏而预留的构造缝，包括伸缩缝、沉降缝和抗震缝。
2.0.26建筑幕墙building curtain wall
由面板与支承结构体系(支承装置与支承结构)组成的可相对主体结构有一定位移能力或自身有一定变形能力、不承担主体结构所受作用的建筑外围护墙。
2.0.27 吊顶suspended ceiling
悬吊在房屋屋顶或楼板结构下的顶棚。
2.0.28管道井pipe shaft
建筑物中用于布置竖向设备管线及设备的竖向井道。
2.0.29烟道smoke uptake；smoke flue
排放各种烟气的管道、井道。
2.0.30通风道air shaft
排除室内不良气体或者输送新鲜空气的管道、井道。
2.0.31装修decoration；finishing
以建筑物主体结构为依托，对建筑内、外空间进行的细部加工和艺术处理。
2.0.32 采光daylighting
为保证人们生活、工作或生产活动具有适宜的光环境，使建筑物内部使用空间取得的天然光照度满足使用、安全、舒适、美观等要求的措施。
2.0.33采光系数daylight factor
在室内给定平面上的一点，由直接或间接地接收来自假定和已知天空亮度分布的天空漫射光而产生的照度与同一时刻该天空半球在室外无遮挡水平面上产生的天空漫射光照度之比。
2.0.34采光系数标准值standard value of daylight factor
在规定的室外天然光设计照度下，满足视觉功能要求时的采光系数值。
2.0.35通风ventilation
为保证人们生活、工作或生产活动具有适宜的空气环境，采用自然或机械方法，对建筑物内部使用空间进行换气，使空气质量满足卫生、安全、舒适等要求的技术。
2.0.36噪声noise
影响人们正常生活、工作、学习、休息，甚至损害身心健康的外界干扰声。
2.0.37建筑连接体building connection
跨越道路红线、建设用地边界建造，连接不同用地之间地下或地上的建筑物。
3基本规定
3.1民用建筑分类
3.1.1 民用建筑按使用功能可分为居住建筑和公共建筑两大类。其中，居住建筑可分为住宅建筑和宿舍建筑。
3.1.2民用建筑按地上建筑高度或层数进行分类应符合下列规定：
1 建筑高度不大于27.0m的住宅建筑、建筑高度不大于24.0m的公共建筑及建筑高度大于24.0m的单层公共建筑为低层或多层民用建筑；
2建筑高度大于27.0m的住宅建筑和建筑高度大于24.0m的非单层公共建筑，且高度不大于100.0m的，为高层民用建筑；
3建筑高度大于100.0m为超高层建筑。
注：建筑防火设计应符合现行国家标准《建筑设计防火规范》GB 50016有关建筑高度和层数计算的规定。
3.1.3 民用建筑等级分类划分应符合国家现行有关标准或行业主管部门的规定。
3.2设计使用年限
3.2.1 民用建筑的设计使用年限应符合表3.2.1的规定。
表3.2.1设计使用年限分类
类别 设计使用年限(年) 示例
1 5 临时性建筑
2 25 易于替换结构构件的建筑
3 50 普通建筑和构筑物
4 100 纪念性建筑和特别重要的建筑

注：此表依据《建筑结构可靠性设计统一标准》GB 50068，并与其协调一致。
3.3建筑气候分区对建筑基本要求
3.3.1 建筑气候分区对建筑的基本要求应符合表3.3.1的规定。
表3.3.1不同区划对建筑的基本要求
建筑气候区划名称 热工区划
名称 建筑气候区划主要指标 建筑基本要求
I IA
IB
IC
ID 严寒地区 1月平均气温≤-10℃
7月平均气温≤25℃
7月平均相对湿度≥50％ 1.建筑物必须充分满足冬季保温、防寒、防冻等要求；
2.IA、IB区应防止冻土，积雪对建筑物的危害；
3.IB、IC、ID区的西部，建筑物应防冰雹、防风沙
II ⅡA
ⅡB 寒冷地区 1月平均气温-10℃～0℃
7月平均气温18℃～28℃ 1.建筑物应满足冬季保温、防寒、防冻等要求，夏季部分地区应兼顾防热；
2.IIA区建筑物应防热、防潮、防暴风雨，沿海地带应防盐雾侵蚀
Ⅲ ⅢA
ⅢB
ⅢC 夏热冬冷
地区 1月平均气温0℃～10℃
7月平均气温25℃～30℃ 1.建筑物应满足夏季防热、遮阳、通风降温要求，并应兼顾冬季防寒；
2.建筑物应满足防雨，防潮、防洪，防雷电等要求；
3.ⅢA区应防台风、暴雨袭击及盐雾侵蚀；
4.ⅢB、ⅢC区北部冬季积雪地区建筑物的屋面应有防积雪危害的措施
IV IVA
IVB 夏热冬暖
地区 1月平均气温-10℃
7月平均气温25℃～29℃ 1.建筑物必须满足夏季遮阳、通风、防热要求；
2.建筑物应防暴雨、防潮、防洪、防雷电；
3.IVA区应防台风、暴雨袭击及盐雾侵蚀

续表3.3.1
建筑气候区划名称 热工区划
名称 建筑气候区划主要指标 建筑基本要求
V VA
VB 温和地区 1月平均气温0℃～13℃
7月平均气温18℃～25℃ 1.建筑物应满足防雨和通风要求：
2.VA区建筑物应注意防寒，VB区应特别注意防雷电
VI VIA
VIB 严寒地区 1月平均气温0℃～-22℃
7月平均气温<18℃ 1.建筑物应充分满足保温、防寒、防冻的要求；
2.ⅥA、VIB区应防冻土对建筑物地基及地下管道的影响，并应特别注意防风沙；
3.VIC区的东部，建筑物应防雷电
VIC 寒冷地区
Ⅶ ⅦA
ⅦB
ⅦC
ⅦD 严寒地区 1月平均气温-5℃～-20℃
7月平均气温≥18℃
7月平均相对湿度<50% 1.建筑物必须充分满足保温、防寒、防冻的要求；
2.除ⅦD区外，应防冻土对建筑物地基及地下管道的危害；
3.ⅦB区建筑物应特别注意积雪的危害；
4.ⅦC区建筑物应特别注意防风沙，夏季兼顾防热；
5.ⅦD区建筑物应注意夏季防热，吐鲁番盆地应特别注意隔热、降温
寒冷地区

3.4建筑与环境
3.4.1建筑与自然环境的关系应符合下列规定：
1 建筑基地应选择在地质环境条件安全，且可获得天然采光、自然通风等卫生条件的地段；
2建筑应结合当地的自然与地理环境特征，集约利用资源，严格控制对自然和生态环境的不利影响；
3建筑周围环境的空气、土壤、水体等不应构成对人体的危害。
3.4.2建筑与人文环境的关系应符合下列规定：
1 建筑应与基地所处人文环境相协调；
2建筑基地应进行绿化，创造优美的环境；
3对建筑使用过程中产生的垃圾、废气、废水等废弃物应妥善处理，并应有效控制噪声、眩光等的污染，防止对周边环境的侵害。
3.5建筑模数
3.5.1 建筑设计应符合现行国家标准《建筑模数协调标准》GB/T 50002的规定。
3.5.2 建筑平面的柱网、开间、进深、层高、门窗洞口等主要定位线尺寸，应为基本模数的倍数，并应符合下列规定：
1平面的开间进深、柱网或跨度、门窗洞口宽度等主要定位尺寸，宜采用水平扩大模数数列2nM、3nM(n为自然数)；
2层高和门窗洞口高度等主要标注尺寸，宜采用竖向扩大模数数列nM(n为自然数)。
3.6防灾避难
3.6.1 建筑防灾避难场所或设施的设置应满足城乡规划的总体要求，并应遵循场地安全、交通便利和出入方便的原则。
3.6.2 建筑设计应根据灾害种类，合理采取防灾、减灾及避难的相应措施。
3.6.3防灾避难设施应因地制宜、平灾结合，集约利用资源。
3.6.4防灾避难场所及设施应保障安全、长期备用、便于管理，并应符合无障碍的相关规定。
4 规划控制
4.1城乡规划及城市设计
4.1.1建筑项目的用地性质、容积率、建筑密度、绿地率、建筑高度及其建筑基地的年径流总量控制率等控制指标，应符合所在地控制性详细规划的有关规定。
4.1.2建筑及其环境设计应满足城乡规划及城市设计对所在区域的目标定位及空间形态、景规风貌、环境品质等控制和引导要求，并应满足城市设计对公共空间、建筑群体、园林景观、市政等环境设施的设计控制要求。
4.1.3建筑设计应注重建筑群体空间与自然山水环境的融合与协调、历史文化与传统风貌特色的保护与发展、公共活动与公共空间的组织与塑造，并应符合下列规定：
1 建筑物的形态、体量、尺度、色彩以及空间组合关系应与周围的空间环境相协调；
2 重要城市界面控制地段建筑物的建筑风格、建筑高度、建筑界面等应与相邻建筑基地建筑物相协调；
3建筑基地内的场地、绿化种植、景观构筑物与环境小品、市政工程设施、景观照明、标识系统和公共艺术等应与建筑物及其环境统筹设计、相互协调；
4建筑基地内的道路、停车场、硬质地面宜采用透水铺装：
5建筑基地与相邻建筑基地建筑物的室外开放空间、步行系统等宜相互连通。
4.2建筑基地
4.2.1建筑基地应与城市道路或镇区道路相邻接，否则应设置连接道路，并应符合下列规定：
1 当建筑基地内建筑面积小于或等于3000m2时，其连接道路的宽度不应小于4.0m；
2 当建筑基地内建筑面积大于3000m2，且只有一条连接道路时，其宽度不应小于7.0m；当有两条或两条以上连接道路时，单条连接道路宽度不应小于4.0m。
4.2.2 建筑基地地面高程应符合下列规定：
1 应依据详细规划确定的控制标高进行设计：
2 应与相邻基地标高相协调，不得妨碍相邻基地的雨水排放；
3应兼顾场地雨水的收集与排放，有利于滞蓄雨水、减少径流外排，并应有利于超标雨水的自然排放。
4.2.3 建筑物与相邻建筑基地及基建筑物的关系应符合下列规定：
1 建筑基地内建筑物的布局应符合控制性详细规划对建筑控制线的规定；
2建筑物与相邻建筑基地之间应按建筑防火等国家现行相关标准留出空地或道路；
3 当相邻基地的建筑物毗邻建造时，应符合现行国家标准《建筑设计防火规范》GB 50016的有关规定；
4 新建建筑物或构筑物应满足周边建筑物的日照标准：
5 紧贴建筑基地边界建造的建筑物不得向相邻建筑基地方向开设洞口、门、废气排出口及雨水排泄口。
4.2.4 建筑基地机动车出入口位置，应符合所在地控制性详细规划，并应符合下列规定：
1 中等城市、大城市的主干路交叉口，自道路红线交叉点起沿线70.0m范围内不应设置机动车出入口；
2距人行横道、人行天桥、人行地道(包括引道、引桥)的最近边缘线不应小于5.0m；
3距地铁出入口、公共交通站台边缘不应小于15.0m；
4距公园、学校及有儿童、老年人、残疾人使用建筑的出入口最近边缘不应小于20.0m。
4.2.5大型、特大型交通、文化、体育、娱乐、商业等人员密集的建筑基地应符合下列规定：
1 建筑基地与城市道路邻接的总长度不应小于建筑基地周长的1/6；
2建筑基地的出入口不应少于2个，且不宜设置在同一条城市道路上；
3建筑物主要出入口前应设置人员集散场地，其面积和长宽尺寸应根据使用性质和人数确定；
4当建筑基地设置绿化、停车或其他构筑物时，不应对人员集散造成障碍。
4.3建筑突出物
4.3.1 除骑楼、建筑连接体、地铁相关设施及连接城市的管线、管沟、管廊等市政公共设施以外，建筑物及其附属的下列设施不应突出道路红线或用地红线建造：
1地下设施，应包括支护桩、地下连续墙、地下室底板及其基础、化粪池、各类水池、处理池、沉淀池等构筑物及其他附属设施等：
2地上设施，应包括门廊、连廊、阳台、室外楼梯、凸窗、空调机位、雨篷、挑檐、装饰构架、固定遮阳板、台阶、坡道、花池、围墙、平台、散水明沟、地下室进风及排风口、地下室出入口、集水井、采光井、烟囱等。
4.3.2经当地规划行政主管部门批准，既有建筑改造工程必须突出道路红线的建筑突出物应符合下列规定：
1在人行道上空：
1)2.5m以下，不应突出凸窗、窗扇、窗罩等建筑构件；2.5m及以上突出凸窗、窗扇、窗罩时，其深度不应大于0.6m。
2)2.5m以下，不应突出活动遮阳；2.5m及以上突出活动遮阳时，其宽度不应大于人行道宽度减1.0m，并不应大于3.0m。
3)3.0m以下，不应突出雨篷、挑檐；3.0m及以上突出雨篷、挑檐时，其突出的深度不应大于2.0m。
4)3.0m以下，不应突出空调机位；3.0m及以上突出空调机位时，其突出的深度不应大于0.6m。
2在无人行道的路面上空，4.0m以下不应突出凸窗、窗扇、窗罩、空调机位等建筑构件；4.0m及以上突出凸窗、窗扇、窗罩、空调机位时，其突出深度不应大于0.6m。
3任何建筑突出物与建筑本身均应结合牢固。
4建筑物和建筑突出物均不得向道路上空直接排泄雨水、空调冷凝水等。
4.3.3除地下室、窗井、建筑入口的台阶、坡道、雨篷等以外，建(构)筑物的主体不得突出建筑控制线建造。
4.3.4治安岗、公交候车亭，地铁、地下隧道、过街天桥等相关设施，以及临时性建(构)筑物等.当确有需要，且不影响交通及消防安全，应经当地规划行政主管部门批准，可突入道路红线建造。
4.3.5骑楼、建筑连接体和沿道路红线的悬挑建筑的建造，不应影响交通、环保及消防安全。在有顶盖的城市公共空间内，不应设置直接排气的空调机、排气扇等设施或排出有害气体的其他通风系统。
4.4建筑连接体
4.4.1经当地规划及市政主管部门批准，建筑连接体可跨越道路红线、用地红线或建筑控制线建设，属于城市公共交通性质的出入口可在道路红线范围内设置。
4.4.2建筑连接体可在地下、裙房部位及建筑高空建造，其建设应统筹规划，保障城市公众利益与安全，并不应影响其他人流、车流及城市景观。
4.4.3地下建筑连接体应满足市政管线及其他基础设施等建设要求。
4.4.4交通功能的建筑连接体，其净宽不宜大于9.0m，地上的净宽不宜小于3.0m，地下的净宽不宜小于4.0m。其他非交通功能连接体的宽度，宜结合建筑功能按人流疏散需求设置。
4.4.5建筑连接体在满足其使用功能的同时.还应满足消防疏散及结构安全方面的要求。
4.5建筑高度
4.5.1 建筑高度不应危害公共空间安全和公共卫生，且不宜影响景观，下列地区应实行建筑高度控制，并应符合下列规定：
1 对建筑高度有特别要求的地区，建筑高度应符合所在地城乡规划的有关规定；
2沿城市道路的建筑物，应根据道路红线的宽度及街道空间尺度控制建筑裙楼和主体的高度；
3 当建筑位于机场、电台、电信、微波通信、气象台、卫星地面站、军事要塞工程等设施的技术作业控制区内及机场航线控制范围内时.应按净空要求控制建筑高度及施工设备高度：
4建筑处在历史文化名城名镇名村、历史文化街区、文物保护单位、历史建筑和风景名胜区、自然保护区的各项建设，应按规划控制建筑高度。
注：建筑高度控制尚应符合所在地城市规划行政主管部门和有关专业部门的规定。
4.5.2建筑高度的计算应符合下列规定：
1 本标准第1.5.1条第3款、第4款控制区内建筑，建筑高度应以绝对海拔高度控制建筑物室外地面至建筑物和构筑物最高点的高度。
2 非本标准第4.5.1条第3款、第4款控制区内建筑，平屋顶建筑高度应按建筑物主入口场地室外设计地面至建筑女儿墙顶点的高度计算，无女儿墙的建筑物应计算至其屋面檐口；坡屋顶建筑高度应按建筑物室外地面至屋檐和屋脊的平均高度计算；当同一座建筑物有多种屋面形式时，建筑高度应按上述方法分别计算后取其中最大值；下列突出物不计入建筑高度内：
1)局部突出屋面的楼梯间、电梯机房、水箱间等辅助用房占屋顶平面面积不超过1/4者；
2)突出屋面的通风道、烟囱、装饰构件、花架、通信设施等；
3)空调冷却塔等设备。