National technical specification for the safety of electric equipment
1 Scope
This document specifies the basic safety requirements for all types of handheld, portable and fixed electric equipment (hereinafter referred to as "products") for indoor and outdoor use with rated voltages up to 1,000V (1,140V) AC or up to 1,500V DC.
This document is applicable to products or parts powered by electric energy (including electric energy converted from chemical energy, luminous energy, wind energy, and so on).
This document also applies to products with inaccessible voltages greater than 1,000V AC or 1,500V DC generated within the product.
This document does not apply to:
——Materials and auxiliary materials, except for materials and auxiliary materials for products specified in this document;
——Semi-finished or primary products that cannot be used independently;
——Electric equipment used for medical treatment purpose;
——Elevators;
——Electric palisade energizers;
——Special products such as ship, aerial vehicle and railway.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3805 Extra-low voltage (ELV) - Limit values
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 4776 Electrical safety terminology
GB/T 13306 Plates
GB/T 14048.1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules
GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests
GB/T 25296 Guidelines on general tests for safety of electrical equipment
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 4776 apply.
4 General
4.1 Safety level
Products that comply with the requirements of this document may be considered to have reached the basic safety level.
In order to ensure the safety of products, necessary safety measures may be required, including but not limited to:
——Installation;
——Use;
——Maintenance;
——Repair;
——Update.
Factors such as application software, information (intelligence), and/or functional safety of products will affect the safety of the products, for which the manufacturer shall give appropriate requirements or constraints.
This document only applies to the safety qualification judgment of test samples (type tests).
4.2 Relationship between Clauses 5 and 6
The relationship between Clauses 5 and 6 is as follows.
a) Clause 5 specifies the requirements for protection against electrical safety hazards, that is, products shall be designed to meet these requirements. The measures to meet the relevant requirements are not exclusive, and the measures taken have nothing to do with the functions of the products.
Foreword III
Introduction IV
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General
4.1 Safety level
4.2 Relationship between Clauses 5 and 6
5 Requirements for protection against electrical safety hazards
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Protection against electric shock hazards
5.3 Protection against mechanical hazards
5.4 Protection against hazards of electrical connections and mechanical connections
5.5 Protection against operation hazards
5.6 Power supply control and its hazard protection
5.7 Protection against other hazards
6 Safety item requirements
6.1 Environmental adaptability
6.2 Surfaces
6.3 Safety extra-low voltage
6.4 Enclosures and degrees of protection
6.5 Protective earthing
6.6 Additional protection against faults
6.7 Functional earthing
6.8 Noise
6.9 Restrictions on manufacturing materials
6.10 Safe handling
6.11 Clearance
6.12 Creepage distance
6.13 Insulation resistance
6.14 Leakage current
6.15 Distance through insulation
6.16 Surface resistance to tracking
6.17 Ability to withstand impulse voltage test
6.18 Ability to withstand AC power frequency voltage test
6.19 Internal temperature rise
6.20 Basic insulation protection
6.21 Insulation structure protection
6.22 Heat resistance
6.23 Flame retardancy
6.24 Resistance to impact test
6.25 Resistance to collision test
6.26 Resistance to free drop test
6.27 Resistance to (sinusoidal) vibration test
6.28 Mechanical stability
6.29 Mechanical structures used for protection
6.30 Screws and couplings used for electrical connections
6.31 Internal wiring
6.32 Wiring terminals of external conductors
6.33 Power connections and external flexible cords
6.34 Power supply control
6.35 Start-up and operation
6.36 Surface temperature
6.37 Structural protection for operation
6.38 EMC characteristics of electronic circuits
6.39 Safety color
6.40 Graphic symbols
6.41 Safety signs
6.42 Nameplate
6.43 Instructions
7 Inspection and testing methods and qualification judgment
7.1 General
7.2 Inspection rules
