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Chapter 1, Chapter 2, 3.1.3.1, 3.6.7, 3.7.1.2, 4.1.4, 7.1.7, 7.1.9.1, 7.2.4, 8.5.5, 8.7.4, 9.1.2, 9.4.3, 9.5.2~9.5.4, 9.6.1, 10.1.6, 10.2.4 and Chapter 12 of this standard are recommendatory and the others are mandatory.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB 12352-2007 Safety Code for Passengers Aerial Ropeways. In addition to a number of editorial changes, the following technical changes have been made with respect to it.
——Normative References is modified (see Chapter 2; Chapter 2 of Edition 2007);
——Permissible oscillation of delivery vehicle is modified (see Table 1 of 3.1.4.1; 3.1.4.1 of Edition 2007);
——Deflection requirements of delivery vehicle are modified (see Table 2 of 3.1.4.5; 3.1.4.5 of Edition 2007);
——Selection of minimum wind pressure is added (see 3.1.5.1);
——Minimum ground clearance of chairlift ropeway is added (see 3.1.8.1);
——The height of ski track across over ski resort is added (see 3.1.9.2);
——Requirements shall be met for crossing over other ropeways are modified (see 3.1.9.3; 3.1.9.3 of Edition 2007);
——Mutual position requirements for communication cable and no-load steel wire rope along ropeway line are modified (see 3.1.9.4; 3.1.9.4 of Edition 2007);
——"Centripetal acceleration of delivery vehicle shall not exceed 2.5m/s2" is modified (see 3.2.3; 3.2.3 of Edition 2007);
——"Minimum interval between chairlifts of fixed grip chairlift type ropeway" is modified (see Table 5 of 3.3.1; 3.3.1 of Edition 2007);
——"Maximum passenger-carrying number for chairlift ski ropeway and non-ski ropeway" is added (see 3.4.1);
——"Minimum load on support/compression sheave on line" is added (see 3.5.2.2);
——Deadweight and effective load are modified as load (see 3.6.1; 3.6.1 of Edition 2007);
——Resistance coefficient is revised (see Table 7 of 3.6.3.2; 3.6.3.2 of Edition 2007);
——Content of "traceable relevant technical data of all components shall be preserved carefully" is deleted (see 3.8.2.2 of Edition 2007);
——"In conformity with Grade 2 in JB 4730" is modified as "in conformity with Grade 1 in NB/T 47013" [ see b) of 3.8.2; 3.8.2.3 of Edition 2007];
——Tensile safety coefficient of new steel wire ropes is modified (see Table 8 of 4.2.1; Table 8 of 4.2.1 in Edition 2007);
——The inertial force when starting and braking of ropeway is not counted is deleted (see 4.2.1.3 of Edition 2007);
——Maximum ratio of transverse force generated by minimum tension and delivery vehicle is modified (see Table 10 in 4.2.2.2; Table 10 of 4.2.2.2 in Edition 2007);
——"Discard on the wire rope and the fixation terminal shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 9075" is added (see 4.4.4);
——"Discard of steel wire rope" is deleted (see 4.5 of Edition 2007);
——"Steel wire rope inspection" is modified as "Inspection and discard" (see 4.4; 4.4 of Edition 2007);
——Running speed is modified (see 5.1.3.1; 5.1.3.1 of Edition 2007)
——Friction coefficient selection of ropeway driving sheave is modified (see 5.1.5.5; 5.1.5.5 of Edition 2007);
——The stroke of take-up device is modified as at least the data which is the sum of the following items (see 5.4.2; 5.4.2 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for the stroke of take-up device without consideration of extension is modified (see 5.4.3; 5.4.3 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for heavy hammer take-up device are revised (see 5.4.5; 5.4.4 of Edition 2007);
——Grip opening device is revised (see 5.5; 5.5 of Edition 2007);
——Acceleration and deceleration devices are modified (see 5.6; 5.6 of Edition 2007);
——Position indicator is modified (see 5.9; 5.9 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for getting on belt installed on getting on area of fixed grip chairlift ropeway are modified (see 6.2.2.6; 6.2.2.5 of Edition 2007);
——Clearances for other positions are modified from 0.5m to 0.6m (see 6.2.3.1; 6.2.3.1 of Edition 2007);
——Basic design service life is modified (see 7.1.7; 7.1.7 of Edition 2007);
——Conditions of carrying rope saddle with passenger car brake are revised (see 7.2.1.7; 7.2.1.5 of Edition 2007);
——"There shall be alarm signal if greater than designed permissible value" is added (see 7.2.3.11);
——"Standards that shall be met for manufacture of support (compression) sheave" is added
——Friction coefficient is modified from 0.13 to 0.16 (see 8.3.4; 8.3.4 of Edition 2007);
——Transverse oscillation is modified from 0.35 rad to 0.34 rad (see 8.3.6; 8.3.6 of Edition 2007);
——Requirement that lateral plate shall not be touched in case of 0.20 rad transverse oscillation is added (see 8.3.6);
——Requirements for groove depth are added (see 8.4.2);
——Requirements for handrail strength are added (see 8.6.3);
——"As for the ropeway equipped with rescue car, the carriage end shall be arranged with door or active window" is deleted (see 8.7.9 of Edition 2007);
——"As for A-shaped hanger closing the carrying rope, the gravity deflection value shall not be greater than ±50mm" in 2007 Edition is deleted (see 8.9.7 of Edition 2007);
——Maintenance suspension tool is added (see 8.12);
——Safety circuit voltage is modified (see 9.3.6; 9.4.3 of Edition 2007);
——General requirements for installation are modified (see 10.1.1; 10.1.1 of Edition 2007);
——"After adjustment of steel structure, fine gravel concrete whose strength grade is 1 grade higher than that of basic concrete strength grade shall be adopted for grouting and grouting layer shall be compact and smooth, whose thickness should be not less than 30mm" is deleted (see 10.2.3 Edition 2007);
——Installation requirements for in-station steel structure are modified (see 10.4.1; 10.4.1 of Edition 2007);
——Tolerance of track installation on running section is modified (see 10.4.2; 10.4.3 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for turnout installation are modified (see 10.4.3; 10.4.4 of Edition 2007);
——Conformity requirements for take-up device are modified (see 10.4.6; 10.4.8 in Edition 2007);
——"Connection face between steel structures shall be tightly contacted and the contact face shall not be less than 70%" is deleted (see 10.4.2 of Edition 2007);
——Installation requirements for deflection plate, guard rail and stop rail are deleted (see 10.4.5 of Edition 2007);
——Test run condition is modified (see 11.3.1.2; see 11.3.1.2 of Edition 2007);
——Special requirements for grip inspection are modified (see 12.3.3; 12.3.3 of Edition 2007);
——Aviation obstruction sign is added (see 13.3);
——Special prompt for chairlift ropeway is added (see 13.4);
——Requirements for bicable circulating ropeway to arrive in or depart from the station in 1.2 times of brake distance are added (see 3.1.3.3);
——Conditions for bicable circulating ropeway to arrive in or depart from the station not subjected to restriction of 1.2 times of brake distance are added (see 3.1.3.3);
——Requirements for double-carrying single-traction circulating ropeway are added (see 3.1.4.1 and 3.2.1);
——Special requirements for the conditions that the span length may be shortened are added (see 3.1.3.2);
——"Clearance between transverse oscillation cabinlifts of bicable reversible ropeway without passenger car brake is changed from 1.0m to 0.2m" is added (see 3.1.4.2);
——Requirements for clearance between delivery vehicles which will encounter are modified (see 3.1.4.4; 3.1.4.4 of Edition 2007);
——Calculation of steel wire rope transverse deflection is added (see 3.1.5.2);
——Requirements for transverse deflection of detachable ropeway in station are added (see 3.1.6);
——"When there is device whose speed is relatively decreased, higher speed is allowed" is deleted (see 3.2.3 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for centripetal acceleration when running trolley passes through support are added (see 3.2.3);
——Additional value of dynamic deflection for carrying rope, carrying-hauling rope and hauling rope is revised (see 3.1.8.2; 3.1.8.2 of Edition 2007);
——Running speed of different suspension tools for fixed grip ropeway is revised (reduced) (see Table 3 of 3.2.1; Table 3 of 3.2.1 in Edition 2007);
——Running speed of different suspension tools for fixed grip ropeway in station is revised (reduced) (see Table 4 of 3.2.2; Table 4 of 3.2.2 in Edition 2007);
——Interval time for detachable chairlift ski ropeway is revised from 5s to 6s (see 3.3.2; 3.3.2 of Edition 2007);
——Interval time for fixed grip cabinlift (bucket) ropeway is revised: 8 times is changed to 10 times and 12s to 10s (see 3.3.3; 3.3.3 of Edition 2007)
——Spacing requirements for 4-person cabinlift of fixed grip cabinlift (bucket) are added (see 3.3.3);
——Statement on speed and spacing of ropeway with mixed suspension tools is added (see 3.3.5);
——Restriction on number of person in suspension tools of monocable circulating ropeway is added and revised (see 3.4);
——Requirements for number of person in cabinlift of reversible ropeway are deleted (see 3.4.2.2 of Edition 2007);
——Value of emergency brake deceleration is revised (according to ropeway types) (see 3.6.2.2; 3.6.2.2 of Edition 2007);
——μ value of synthetic resin is added (see Table 6 of 3.6.3.1);
——Conversion wind pressure acting on chord length of span is added (see 3.6.4.1);
——Calculation formula for wind pressure which may be used to calculate wind pressure at speed of 36 m/s is added (see 3.6.4.1);
——Wind pressure calculation when it is uniformly distributed on span steel wire rope span is added (see 3.6.4.2);
——Calculation and application of snow load are revised (see 3.6.5; 3.6.5 of Edition 2007);
——Dynamic load is added (see 3.6.6);
——Acting force during installation and maintenance is added (see 3.6.7);
——Additional acting force is added (see 3.6.8);
——Standards that steel wire rope shall meet are modified (see 4.1.1; 4.1.1 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for the maximum safety coefficient of splicing steel wire rope are added (see 4.2.1.4);
——Bending deflection ratio of hauling rope, carrying-hauling rope and the like on stationary drum is added (see Table 11 of 4.2.3);
——Description of wrap angle > π is deleted and selection requirements for detachable ropeway are added (see Table 11 of 4.2.3 in Edition 2007);
——General requirements for fixation and connection of hauling rope are added (see 4.3);
——Requirements for fixation and connection of steel wire rope are added (see 4.3.2~4.3.7);
——Overlapped parts with regulation on inspection and discard of steel wire ropes (GB/T 9075) are deleted (see 4.4 and 4.5 of Edition 2007);
——Manufacturing requirements for driving device are added (see 5.1.1.4);
——Requirements for working brake are added (see 5.1.7.9);
——Requirements for safety brake are added (see 5.1.7.10);
——Requirements for electrical device of brake are added (see 5.1.7.11);
——Requirements for hydraulic device of brake are added (see 5.1.7.12);
——Fatigue calculation coefficient for shaft is modified (see 5.3.2; 5.3.2 of Edition 2007);
——Force measuring requirements for grip are added (see 5.5);
——"If vehicle stopper to restrict vehicle spacing is installed only in one station, departure spacing shall not be changed in another station" in 2007 Edition is deleted (5.7.3 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for departure interval deviation are deleted (see 5.7.1 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for opening and closing of chairlift cover are modified (see 5.8.2; 5.8.2 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for guide way for door opening/closing mechanism are added (see 5.8.3);
——Requirements for suspended haul rope support are modified and changed from 5.12 to 7.3 (see 7.3; 5.12 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for ground surface conveyer equipment in station are added (see 5.12);
——Requirements for vehicle groove length are modified (see 6.2.1.5; 6.2.1.1 of Edition 2007);
——Calculation requirements for support strength are modified (see 7.1.8; 7.1.8 in Edition 2007);
——Fatigue calculation methods for support are added (see 7.1.9);
——Safety requirements for saddle are added (see 7.2.1.8, 7.2.1.9 and 7.2.1.10);
——Requirements for installation position of catcher are added (see 7.2.3.3);
——Detachable protective requirements for support (compression) sheave are added (see 7.2.3.4);
——Yield safety coefficient of balance beam for support sheave battery is modified and detailed according to load-carrying conditions (see 7.2.3.9; 7.2.3.10 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for inside plate calculation are added (see 7.2.3.12);
——Requirements for manufacture of support (compression) sheave are added (see 7.2.3.13);
——Requirements that hanging position and hanging mode for rescue device shall be taken into consideration are added (see 8.1.7);
——Human impact force in detachable ropeway carriage is added (see 8.2);
——Safety coefficient of bearing member for delivery vehicle is modified from breaking strength 5 into yield strength 3 (see 8.2.2; 8.2.2 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for guide shoe are added (see 8.4.3);
——Two items of requirements, i.e. hauling rope diameter and friction coefficient of driving sheave for the conditions of reversible ropeway without passenger car brake are added (see 8.5.1);
——Requirements for the braking force of brake are modified (see 8.5.5; 8.5.5 of Edition 2007)
——Requirements for 4mm abrasion of brake friction plate are deleted (see 8.5.9 of Edition 2007);
——Requirements for strength of cabinlift handrail are added (see 8.6.3);
——Requirements that opening door on both sides of 4-person cabinlift are added (see 8.6.7);
——Safety requirements for chairlift guard ring are added (see 8.10.2);
——Control point for delivery vehicle is deleted (see 9.1.8 of Edition 2007);
——"If dual-drive structure is adopted, each motor shall work in each operating mode" is deleted (see 9.2.7 of Edition 2007);
——"Driving direction of vehicles shall be able to be changed on the line" and "even if position stroke indicator is damaged, vehicle position control function shall be provided" are deleted (see 9.3.8 of Edition 2007);
——Clamping force test for detachable grip is added (see 9.6.1);
——Requirements for error between actual value with motor revolution number and given rotary number are added (see 9.2.4.5);
——Requirements for running speed and deceleration monitoring are added (see 9.3.7, 9.3.8 and 9.3.10);
——Control room requirements are added (see 9.3.5 and 9.3.7);
——Stop control requirements are added or revised (see 9.2.4.7 to 9.2.4.16);
——Running control requirements are added (see 9.2.5.1, 9.2.5.2, 9.2.5.7, 9.2.5.10 and 9.2.5.11).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of State Administration for Market Regulation.
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
——GB 12352-1990, GB 12352-2007.
Safety Code for Passengers Aerial Ropeways
1 Scope
This standard specifies the most basic safety requirements for design, manufacture, installation, inspection, use and management, etc. of passenger aerial ropeway.
It is applicable to reversible passenger aerial ropeway and circulating passenger aerial ropeway.
It is not applicable to material ropeway, passenger funiculars, hauling ropeway, non-public passenger ropeway and commuting ropeway for mine and down-hole use.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 146.2 Structure Gauge for Standard Gauge Railway
GB/T 188 Locomotive and Car Clearance Boundary and Structure Clearance Boundary for 762mm Gauge Railways: Classification and Basic Dimensions
GB/T 229 Metallic Materials - Charpy Pendulum Impact Test Method
GB/T 352 Locked Coil Wire Ropes
GB/T 1031 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Surface Texture: Profile method - Surface roughness Parameters and Their Values
GB/T 8918 Steel Wire Ropes for Important Purposes
GB/T 9075 Code for Examination and Discard of Ropes for Ropeway
GB/T 24731 General Technical Conditions for Drive of Passenger Ropeway
GB/T 24732 General Technical Conditions for Support (Compression) Sheave of Passenger Ropeway
GB/T 26722 Steel Wire Ropes for Ropeway
GB 50007 Code for Design of Building Foundation
GB 50009-2012 Load Code for the Design of Building Structures
GB 50010 Code for Design of Concrete Structures
GB 50017 Code for Design of Steel Structures
GB 50061 Code for Design of 66kV or under Overhead Electrical Power Transmission Line
GB 50231 General Code for Construction and Acceptance of Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering
NB/T 47013
(all parts) Nondestructive Testing of Pressure Equipment
DL/T 1561.1~1561.17 Specification for Construction Quality Checkout and Evaluation of Electric Equipment Installation – Part 1: General Rules
3 General Requirements
3.1 Line
3.1.1 Line selection
3.1.1.1 In case of ropeway line selection, such things shall be taken into consideration as requirements of local climate, geographical conditions, main traffic lines that the ropeways cross over and other building facilities that they cross over as well as the emergency rescue.
3.1.1.2 The projection of the center line of ropeway line on a plane shall be a straight line (ropeway with angle station and triangle ropeway are exceptional).
3.1.1.3 The following areas shall be avoided for construction of ropeway line and station site:
——the areas at air outlet of hilly area, which is orthogonal to the prevailing wind direction;
——the areas with factors such as avalanche, landslide, collapse, karst cave, windstorm, tsunami, flood and fire, etc. that endanger safety of the ropeway, unless approved by the competent departments and provided with preventive measures;
——corresponding measures shall be adopted for any ropeway constructed near military installation according to the requirements of military base management organizations.
3.1.2 Maximum inclination angle
Maximum inclination angle of steel wire rope of circulating passenger aerial ropeway shall not be greater than 0.785 rad.
3.1.3 Length of span
3.1.3.1 The tangent inclination angle change between unloaded rope ) or no-load rope ) (depending on the equipment type) and full-load rope ) at the span end should not be greater than 0.15 rad in any span of the line. The above-mentioned requirements are not applicable to double-bearing reversible ropeway and circulating ropeway.
3.1.3.2 Descending angle (chord inclination angle) of the first span for station house adjacent to monocable circulating detachable grip ropeway shall not be greater than 0.01rad. The distance between the switch for testing grip closing reliability in station and slope change point downward station entrance shall not be less than 1.2 times of the brake stroke triggered by the switch; the monocable double loop ropeway does not observe to the above-mentioned restriction (1.2 times of brake distance).
3.1.3.3 For bicable circulating detachable grip aerial ropeway, carrying rope shall depart in elevation angle(chord inclination angle), which shall not be less than 0.1 rad. The distance between the switch for testing grip closing reliability in station and slope change point downward station entrance shall not be less than 1.2 times of the brake stroke triggered by the switch; when specific non-grip closing preventer is adopted to meet the conditions that detachable grip and hauling rope are closed reliably by grip during the departure of detachable grip, the above-mentioned restriction (1.2 times of brake distance) may not be followed. Non-grip closing preventer shall be provided with:
——non-electrically controlled mechanical structure;
——compulsory or restriction function for the grip closing of grip and hauling rope;
——the state of this device may be monitored;
——this device shall have been subjected to reliability test.
3.1.4 Transverse clearance
3.1.4.1 Clearance between delivery vehicle and support shall meet the requirements specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Clearance Requirements between Delivery Vehicle and Support
Delivery vehicle Support conditions Permissible oscillation/rad Distance to the support (m)
Enclosed Without guiding device 0.34 —
Enclosed, without steward and V>5.0m/s With guiding device 0.24 —
Enclosed, without steward and V≤5.0m/s With guiding device 0.20 —
Enclosed, with steward who can't control the stop of vehicle in the vehicle and V>7.0m/s With guiding device 0.15 —
Enclosed, with steward who can control the stop of vehicle in the vehicle and V≤7.0m/s With guiding device 0.12 —
Open (without passengers) Without guiding device 0.34 —
Open (with passengers) Without guiding device 0.20 0.5
For double-carrying reversible and circulating aerial ropeways and monocable double loop aerial ropeway, in case of no guiding device, 0.15 rad transverse deflection is allowed and the safety distance to the support is 0.3m.
3.1.4.2 When two passenger cars of reversible passenger ropeway run in opposite direction across the span with swing inward by 0.20 rad, the clearance between the two cars shall not be less than 0.2m when they meet.
3.1.4.3 For single-side reversible running ropeway, when the car swings inward of 0.20 rad, the minimum clearance between the passenger car and horizontal projection of hauling rope on the other side shall not be less than 2.0m.
3.1.4.4 For monocable circulating passenger ropeway, when two lifting equipment run across the span with swing inward of 0.20 rad, the clearance between the two enclosed lifting equipment shall not be less than 0.2m when they meet and shall not be less than 0.5m at station entrance or exit.
3.1.4.5 The horizontal clearance between the passenger car and obstacles at outer side shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 2.
Table 2 Requirements for the Horizontal Clearance between the Passenger Car and
Obstacles at Outer Side
Delivery vehicle deflection Obstacle Clearance/m
Outward deflection
(0.34 rad) Building (without personnel passing through) 1.5
Building (with personnel passing through) 2.5
Highway, mountain and passages in forest 1.5
Overhead power line Complying with relevant standards
Note: Station house area is not subjected to this restriction.
3.1.4.6 In case the lines of two ropeways are parallel and close to each other, the distance between their center lines, A, shall be calculated according to Formula (1).
(1)
Where,
K1, K2——the gauge between the two lines, m;
B1, B2——the delivery vehicle width on the two lines, m;
h1, h2——the delivery vehicle height on the two lines, m;
s——the maximum vertical distance between carrying ropes or carrying-hauling ropes on the two lines, m.
3.1.5 Gauge
3.1.5.1 When determining the gauge, the relevant requirements of 3.1.4 shall be met. For gauge across the span on the line, the transverse deflection generated by wind pressure on steel wire rope of one side of the line shall be added during running and the minimum wind pressure is adopted according to the requirements of 3.6.4.1. When the chord length of span is greater than 400m, transverse deflection acting on steel wire rope is calculated according to conversion wind load (see 3.6.4.2). Reversible ropeway at station entrance is not subjected to this restriction.
3.1.5.2 Transverse deflection of steel wire rope in mid-span f is calculated according to Formula (2).
(2)
Where,
C——the shape factor (see 3.6.4.3);
q——the wind pressure, kN/m2;
d——the diameter of steel wire rope, m;
Smin——the minimum tension of steel wire rope in mid-span, kN;
LH——the conversion chord length (see 3.6.4.2), m.
3.1.5.3 Generally, the gauge of ropeway shall remain the same; in case of required changes, deflection of the steel wire rope on the plane shall be calculated; when wind force and dynamic load influence are not considered, tolerances are as follows:
——in case of static load, horizontal force caused by deflection of steel wire rope shall not exceed 10% of steel wire rope vertical force;
——for bicable aerial ropeway, horizontal angle formed by carrying rope on saddle shall not exceed 0.005 rad;
——for monocable aerial ropeway, horizontal angle formed by carrying rope on support (compression) sheave battery shall not exceed 0.005 rad;
——for relatively big deflections in unconformity with the above-mentioned requirements, safety measures shall be taken to guarantee the delivery vehicle passes the support safely.
3.1.6 Longitudinal deflection of delivery vehicle
Delivery vehicle of circulating ropeway shall not touch the steel wire rope and the line support when it is on the line and after 0.34 rad deflection in longitudinal direction in the station; longitudinal deflection of reversible ropeway vehicle on the line shall not exceed 0.34 rad and the vehicle shall not touch the support saddle, and after 0.15 rad deflection in longitudinal direction in the station, it shall not touch any structures in vehicle and the safety distance for the personnel to pass shall be ensured; after 0.34 rad deflection in longitudinal direction in the station, detachable ropeway shall not touch any in-station structure except for in-station ground guiding device.
3.1.7 Permissible maximum ground clearance
3.1.7.1 Besides the influence of most unfavorable load condition and ground transverse slope, delivery vehicle type and rescue possibility shall also be taken into consideration for the maximum ground clearance of aerial ropeway.
3.1.7.2 Permissible maximum line ground clearance for aerial ropeway of enclosed delivery vehicle shall not be greater than 45m. For circulating detachable grip cabinlift ropeway and pulsation circulating fixed grip cabinlift ropeway, when there are not greater than 5 cabinlifts in total at sections exceeding 45m on each side, the maximum permissible ground clearance is 60m; if it is more than 60m, facilities for horizontal rescue of passengers shall be provided. For reversible ropeway, the permissible maximum ground clearance is more than 60m; when it is more than 100m, facilities for horizontal rescue of passengers shall be provided.
3.1.7.3 For aerial ropeway of open delivery vehicle, permissible maximum line ground clearance for chairlift ropeway for tourist purpose shall not be greater than 15m. For chairlift ropeway for ski purpose, when the total length of partial section of ropeway line on each side is not greater than 200m or within 50m, the permissible maximum ground clearance for this section is 20m and 25m respectively.
3.1.7.4 Permissible maximum line ground clearance for bucket ropeway shall not be greater than 25m. When the total length of partial section of ropeway line on each side is not greater than 200m or within 50m, the permissible maximum ground clearance for this section is 30m and 35m respectively.
3.1.8 Permissible minimum ground clearance
3.1.8.1 The distance between the lowest point of full-load passenger car and the ground shall not be less than the following values.
——for areas without personnel passing through or isolation zone forbidden to pass, it is 2m;
——for the ground under the line which allows the passengers to pass, it is 3m;
——the sections crossing roads or public facilities shall meet the requirements of 3.1.9.
Note 1: For sections in station house and between station entrance supports, it may not be limited by the above-mentioned conditions.
Note 2: Snow thickness influence shall be taken into consideration for the minimum distance above the ground.
3.1.8.2 When the minimum distance above the ground is determined, besides taking static position as criterion, dynamic additional value shall also be taken into consideration, i.e. the maximum value in the following data shall be deducted.
——1% of adjacent support spacing;
——5% of carrying rope static deflection;
——25% of carrying-hauling rope deflection;
——20% of hauling rope and balancing rope deflection.
3.1.9 Overpass and avoidance for line
3.1.9.1 In case of cross-over or parallel to railway, highway, ropeway, wire, waterway and the like, they shall be not interfered with one another; safety may be ensured in normal running and during maintenance and the normal rescue work won't be influenced.
3.1.9.2 When ropeway crosses over the following areas, the minimum vertical distance between the lowest point and cross-over object shall meet the following requirements:
——in case of crossing over national main lines, it shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB 146.2;
——in case of crossing over local railway main lines, it shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 188;
——in case of crossing over electric pipeline, in accordance with the requirements of GB 50061; in case of crossing with electric line, the ropeway line shall pass below the electric line as possible, if unavailable, safety protection facility shall be installed at lower part of ropeway;
——in case of crossing over Grade I and Grade II highways, it shall not be less than 5.0m; for Class III and Class IV highways, it shall not be less than 4.5m.
——in case of crossing over waterway, the vertical distance between it and the vessel mast top at maximum flood level (plus back water and wave height) shall not be less than 1.0m;
——in case of crossing over residential area or arable land, the vertical distance above the ground shall not be less than 5.0m;
——in case of crossing over buildings, the vertical distance with the building top shall not be less than 2.0m;
——in case of crossing over fruit bearing forest and cash crop forest, the distance with the high point of forest shall not be less than 1.5m and the tree growth height during trimming period shall also be taken into consideration;
——in case of crossing over track of ski resort, the distance with ski track surface shall not be less than 3.5m.
3.1.9.3 In case of crossing over other ropeways, the following requirements shall be met:
——the distance between the lowest edge of suspension equipment or hauling rope and support of the below ropeway or other constructions shall not be less than 1.5m;
——when the hauling rope is in the maximum deflection, the distance between it and the highest position of carrying-hauling rope shall not be less than 3.0m;
——when the hauling rope is in the maximum deflection, the distance between it and no-load carrying rope when its tension is increased by 10% shall not be less than 3.0m;
——in case of crossing over hauling ropeway, besides with its communication cable, the distance with the highest position of hauling ropeway no-load rope shall also be less than 3.0m.
3.1.9.4 When the communication cable is laid along the ropeway support, its line shall be above the no-load rope or below the full-load running track; when the lifting equipment has 0.20 rad deflection transversely, the safety distance with it shall not be less than 0.5m.
3.2 Running Speed
3.2.1 The maximum running speed of delivery vehicle on line shall not exceed the value specified in Table 3.
Table 3 Requirements for the Maximum Running Speed of Delivery Vehicle on Line
Ropeway type Service conditions Maximum running speed/(m/s)
Reversible ropeway Bicable With steward who can control the stop of car in carriage Across the span 12.0
Across the support and running on the hard track 10.0
Without steward in carriage Across the span 7.0
Across the support Single carrying rope 6.0
Double carrying rope 7.0
Monocable Across the span 6.0
Across the support 5.0
Bicable pulsation circulating ropeway Without steward in carriage 5.0
With steward in carriage 7.0
Circulating detachable grip ropeway Bicable Single carrying rope 6.0
Double carrying rope 7.0
Monocable 1 carrying-hauling rope 6.0
2 carrying-hauling ropes (monocable double loop) 7.0
Circulating fixed grip ropeway Monocable pulsation Semi-closed or enclosed suspension equipment 5.0
Monocable in a row Open chairlift Conveying skiers Single person or 2 persons 2.0
3 or 4 persons 1.8
6 persons 1.5
Conveying non-skiers 1.25
Cabinlift and bucket for 2 persons 1.0
Cabinlift and bucket for 4 persons 0.8
Pulsation circulating ropeway Enclosed carrier vehicle 0.5
3.2.3 The maximum running speed of delivery vehicle in station (getting on/off position) shall not exceed the value specified in Table 4.
Table 4 Requirements for the Maximum Running Speed of Delivery Vehicle
in Station (Getting on/off Position)
Ropeway type Use conditions Maximum running speed/(m/s)
Circulating detachable grip ropeway Enclosed delivery vehicle 0.5
Open delivery vehicle Conveying skiers 1.2
Conveying non-skiers, getting on or off from the front 1.0
The person gets on or off from the lateral side 0.5
Circulating fixed grip ropeway Conveying skiers Chairlift for single person or 2 persons 2.0
Chairlift for 3 or 4 persons 1.8
Chairlift for 6 persons 1.5
Conveying non-skiers Chairlift for single person or 2 persons 1.25
Cabinlift and bucket for 2 persons 1.0
Cabinlift and bucket for 4 persons 0.8
Bicable pulsation circulating ropeway Enclosed delivery vehicle 0.5
3.2.3 For delivery vehicle of any ropeway, in case of crossing the bearing structure of line, centripetal acceleration of the delivery vehicle shall not exceed 2.5m/s2.
3.3 Minimum Interval for Delivery Vehicle
3.3.1 See Table 5 for the minimum interval between chairlifts of fixed grip chairlift ropeway.
Table 5 Permissible Minimum Interval
Ropeway type Permissible minimum interval
For single person Not less than 5s
For double-person 2 persons getting on or off at the same time Not less than 8s
2 persons getting on or off at different time Not less than 10s
Conveying skiers Not less than 7s
3.3.2 The minimum interval between chairlifts of detachable grip chairlift ropeway (for conveying skier) shall not be less than 6s.
3.3.3 For fixed grip two-person cabinlift and two-person bucket type ropeway, the minimum interval between cabinlifts (or buckets) is 10 times of the running speed and shall not be less than 10s; for cabinlift for 4 persons, it shall not be less than 18s.
3.3.4 For detachable grip cabinlift ropeway, the minimum spacing between cabinlifts shall not be less than 1.5 times of running process in normal stop and not less than 9s.
3.3.5 For ropeway with delivery vehicle shuffling, the larger values in 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3 and 3.3.4 shall prevail according to the vehicle type.
3.4 Permissible Passenger Capacity
3.4.1 The maximum passenger-carrying number for single chairlift of chairlift ski ropeway is 6 and that for single chairlift of chairlift non-ski ropeway is 2.
3.4.2 The maximum passenger-carrying number for cabinlift (bucket) of monocable circulating fixed grip ropeway is 4.
3.4.3 The maximum passenger-carrying number for delivery vehicle of monocable circulating detachable grip ropeway and monocable circulating pulsation type fixed grip ropeway is 8, excluding monocable double loop ropeway.
3.5 Safety of Steel Wire Rope on Support Saddle and Support (Compression) Sheave
3.5.1 Bicable ropeway
3.5.1.1 When maximum tension of carrying rope is added by 40%, the minimum load of carrying rope to support saddle shall not be negative value; when decreased by 40%, the minimum load of carrying rope to deflecting saddle (only in station house) shall not be negative value.
3.5.1.2 The bevel of empty carrying rope on support saddle shall not be less than 0.02 rad.
3.5.1.3 The minimum load of carrying rope to support saddle shall not be less than half of the sum of upward wind powder of 0.5kN/m2 wind pressure borne by chord length of adjacent span carrying rope.
3.5.1.4 The total force of the minimum load of carrying rope at no-load to support saddle and the horizontal wind power shall act in rope groove.
3.5.1.5 In uniform motion state, when the maximum tension of hauling rope is increased by 40%, the minimum load of hauling rope to support sheave battery of support shall not be negative value.
3.5.1.6 When ropeway stops, the minimum pressure of hauling rope on support sheave battery of support shall not be less than half of the upward wind powder of hauling rope on two adjacent spans acted by 0.8kN/m2-wind pressure.
3.5.2 Monocable ropeway
3.5.2.1 The minimum supporting force on line tower:
——in case of running at constant speed, the minimum support load shall be calculated according to 1.5 times of upward wind powder of 0.25kN/m2 wind pressure acting on chord length of adjacent span unloaded rope or chord length of relatively long span for support cable.
——in case of stop, the minimum support load shall be calculated according to half of total upward wind powder of 0.8kN/m2 wind pressure acting on chord length of adjacent span unloaded rope or chord length of no-load rope.
——in case of uniform motion, the minimum support load shall be calculated according to 1.5 times of total downward wind powder of 0.25kN/m2 wind pressure acting on relatively long chord length of adjacent span full load rope for support cable.
3.5.2.2 The minimum load of line support (compression) sheave:
——for support of support sheave in hollow section, when the maximum tension of carrying-hauling rope is increased by 40%, the minimum load of carrying-hauling rope on support sheave battery shall be not negative value;
——on support of compression sheave, when the minimum tension of carrying-hauling rope is decreased by 20% and the effective load is increased by 25% at the same time, the carrying-hauling rope shall not leave compression sheave.
3.5.2.3 The minimum sheave load of carrying-hauling rope in uniform motion shall not be less than 500N and meet Formula (3):
A≥500+50[d-(D1-D2)] (3)
Where,
A——the minimum sheave load, N;
d——the diameter of steel wire rope, mm;
D1——the outside diameter of complete sheave, mm;
D2——the liner groove bottom diameter of new sheave, mm;
The value of Formula (3) for no-load rope is allowed to reduce by 50%.
3.5.2.4 The minimum sheave load of support (compression) sheave relative to carrying-hauling rope of combined type support (compression) sheave battery shall be determined according to the requirements of 3.5.2.3.
3.5.3 Bevel of support (compression) sheave
3.5.3.1 The maximum bevel of each support (compression) sheave on monocable ropeway shall not be greater than 0.08 rad.
3.5.3.2 The bevel of each support (compression) sheave on hauling rope or counter rope on bicable ropeway shall not be greater than 0.08 rad.
3.6 Line Calculation and Calculated Acting Force for Steel Wire Rope
3.6.1 Load
3.6.1.1 Deadweight of steel wire rope and delivery vehicle shall be in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. The deviation between actual mass and design mass shall not be greater than ±3% and the actual mass shall be in accordance with the taken values for line calculation and steel wire rope calculation.
3.6.1.2 Effective load: if the capacity is 15 persons or below, weight per capita shall be calculated according to 740N; if the capacity is above 16 persons, the weight per capita shall be calculated according to 690N; for the skier ropeway, weight of 50N equipment per capita shall be added for the skier ropeways.
3.6.2 Dynamic action force (inertia force)
3.6.2.1 The minimum start acceleration is the inertial force at 0.15m/s2.
3.6.2.2 When deceleration is the following value, the inertial forces are:
——in running braking, the minimum deceleration is 0.4 m/s2;
——emergency braking deceleration for circulating ropeway and braking deceleration for braking system shall not be greater than 1.5m/s2; for reversible, detachable bicable circulating and pulsation ropeways, braking deceleration for braking system shall not be greater than 2.0m/s2.
3.6.2.3 The following dynamic action forces shall be verified for special circumstances:
——when there are two or more hauling ropes for the equipment, dynamic action force caused by a hauling rope fracture;
——dynamic action force on the whole hauling rope after the braking of the passenger car brake if equipment has passenger car brake.
3.6.3 Friction coefficient μzul
3.6.3.1 For the purpose of calculating passing force of driving wheel (refer to 5.1.5), permissible friction coefficient μzul in Table 6 shall be adopted.
Table 6 Permissible Friction Coefficient μzul
Liner material Friction factor during uniform motion Friction coefficient under starting and braking operating condition
Steel rope groove or cast iron rope groove 0.07 0.07
Rubber and plastic liner etc. 0.2 0.22
Flexible aluminum liner (brinell hardness ≤500N/mm2) 0.2 0.2
Synthetic resin 0.25 0.3
Note: Actual friction coefficients of other engineering materials are obtained through tests.
3.6.3.2 During line calculation, resistance coefficient specified in Table 7 shall be adopted.
Table 7 Resistance Coefficient
Equipment name Resistance coefficient
Support (compression) sheave Rubber liner 0.025
Plastic liner 0.020
Wheels of running trolley Rubber liner 0.020
Plastic liner 0.020
Guide sheave Adopting rolling bearing 0.003
Adopting sliding bearing 0.010
Roller chain of carrying rope With rolling bearing 0.005
With sliding bearing 0.010
Take-up trolley 0.010
Carrying rope saddle 0.10
3.6.4 Wind load
3.6.4.1 For calculation, the shape coefficient is multiplied by the following wind load:
a) In running: q=0.25 kN/m2.
In case of stop: q=0.8 kN/m2, when the wind speed is greater than 36m/s, q value is calculated in accordance with the relevant requirements of Chapter 8 and Annex E in GB 50009-2012.
b) When the altitude is more than 3 000m, the above-mentioned q value is allowed to be decreased by 20%.
c) If the load formed by wind pressure is distributed uniformly on the total length of steel wire rope of cross-span line, the wind pressure may be taken according to Formula (4) based on span chord length L (only applicable to stop condition):
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 General Requirements
3.1 Line
3.2 Running Speed
3.3 Minimum Interval for Delivery Vehicle
3.4 Permissible Passenger Capacity
3.5 Safety of Steel Wire Rope on Support Saddle and Support (Compression) Sheave
3.6 Line Calculation and Calculated Acting Force for Steel Wire Rope
3.7 Rescue
3.8 Quality Assurance
4 Steel Wire Rope
4.1 Selection Principle of Steel Wire Rope
4.2 Determination of Steel Wire Rope Parameters
4.3 Fixation and Connection of Steel Wire Rope
4.4 Inspection and Discard
5 In-station Mechanical Equipment
5.1 Driving Device
5.2 Rope Sheave
5.3 Transmission Shaft, Rotating Shaft and Mandrel
5.4 Take-up Device
5.5 Grip Opening/Closing Device
5.6 Acceleration/Deceleration Device
5.7 Car Switching Device
5.8 Door Opening/Closing Device
5.9 Position Indicator
5.10 Vehicle Guiding Device
5.11 Buffer
5.12 Conveying Equipment
6 Station House
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Platform
7 Line Facilities
7.1 Support and Foundation
7.2 Device on Support
7.3 Suspended Haul Rope Support
8 Delivery Vehicle
8.1 General Requirements
8.2 Calculation
8.3 Fixed Grip and Detachable Grip
8.4 Running Trolley
8.5 Passenger Car Brake
8.6 Cabinlift
8.7 Carriage of Reversible Ropeway
8.8 Carriage Door
8.9 Hanger
8.10 Chairlift
8.11 Rescue Vehicle
8.12 Maintenance Suspension Tool
9 Electrical Equipment
9.1 General Requirements
9.2 Control
9.3 Safety
9.4 Communication and Display
9.5 Lightning Protection
9.6 Testing
10 Installation
10.1 General Requirements
10.2 Installation of Steel Structure and Line Equipment
10.3 Installation of Steel Wire Rope
10.4 Installation of In-station Equipment
11 Test Run
11.1 General Requirements
11.2 No-load Test Run
11.3 Loaded Test Run
11.4 Test Run of Emergency Drive (or Rescue Drive, Auxiliary Drive)
12 Operation
12.1 Personnel and Tasks
12.2 Running
12.3 Maintenance
13 Signs
13.1 Road Traffic Signs
13.2 Road Traffic Markings
13.3 Aviation Obstruction Sign
13.4 Special Prompt for Chairlift Ropeway
