标准编号:	NB/T 47004.1-2017
中文名称:	板式热交换器 第1部分：可拆卸板式热交换器
英文名称:	Plate heat exchangers-Part 1:Plate-and-frame heat exchangers
行业分类:	NB    能源行业标准
发布机构:	国家能源局
发布日期:	2017-12-27
实施日期:	2018-6-1
标准状态:	现行
替代旧标准:	NB/T 47004-2009 NB/T 47004-2009(JB/T
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	40000 字
翻译价格(元):	3720.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



NB/T 47004 consists of the following two parts under the general title Plate heat exchangers:



——Part 1: Plate-and-frame heat exchangers;



——Part 2: Welded plate heat exchangers.



This is Part 1 of NB/T 47004.



This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Structure and drafting of standards.



This part is modified in relation to ISO 15547-1: 2005 Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Plate-type heat exchangers - Part 1: Plate-and-frame heat exchangers.



This part is modified in relation to ISO 15547-1, in consideration of the national conditions of China:



——the foreword and introduction are modified;



——the product scope is modified;



——the terms and definitions are modified;



——some clauses on design, fabrication, inspection and energy efficiency evaluation are added;



——the sequence of some clauses is adjusted;



——Annexes A, B and C are modified;



——the clauses on materials are added.



This part replaces NB/T 47004-2009 (JB/T 4752) Plate heat exchangers, with respect to which, the following main technical changes have been made:



——the application scope of design pressure is given;



——the materials and indexes of some plates and studs are added;



——the strength calculation of clamping stud is added;



——the deviation indexes of thickness thinning, chevron depth and gasket groove depth are increased;



——the energy efficiency evaluation method is added;



——the requirements for determination of compression set of gaskets are added;



——the fabrication deviation requirements for gasket thickness are adjusted.



In this part, Annex A is normative while Annexes B and C and informative.



This part was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Boilers and Pressure Vessels of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 262).



This part is drafted by Subcommittee on Heat Exchangers of the National Technical Committee on Boilers and Pressure Vessels of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 262/SC 5).



The previous edition of this part is as follows:



——NB/T 47004-2009 (JB/T 4752).





Introduction



NB/T 47004 concerning plate heat exchangers was prepared by and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Boilers and Pressure Vessels of Standardization Administration of China (hereinafter referred to as the "Committee"), for the purpose of standardizing the technical requirements related to the design, fabrication, inspection and performance determination of plate heat exchangers built or used in China.



The technical clauses of this part include technical requirements to be followed by the plate-and-frame heat exchangers during the design, fabrication, inspection, acceptance, energy efficiency evaluation, installation and use. It is unnecessary and impossible for this part to cover all the technical details for plate-and-frame heat exchangers, so under the premise of satisfying the basic safety requirements, the technical contents not specially mentioned in this part shall not be banned. This part can neither serve as the technical manual on fabricating plate heat exchangers, nor replace training, engineering experience and engineering evaluation.



This standard does not restrict the use of advanced techniques in practical engineering design and fabrication, as long as the engineering technicians can make reliable judgment and ensure the compliance with this part.



The issuing body of this document shall draw attention to that where compliance with this part is declared, the use of patent related to 10.1 “energy efficiency value” and “a quantitative evaluation method of energy efficiency for heat exchanger” may be involved.



The issuing body of this document does not propose any perspective for the authenticity, effectiveness and scope of this patent.



The patent holders have already assured the issuing body of this document that they would like to negotiate with any applicant about the patent authorization license under reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions. The patent holders’ statements have been put on records at the issuing body of this document. Their relevant information may be obtained through the following contact information:



Names of patent holders: Zhang Yanfeng (Lanzhou Guanyu Heat Transfer and Energy Saving Engineering Technology Research Co., Ltd.), Bai Bofeng (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Zhou Wenxue, Jiang Chen and Shou binan.



Address: No.8, Lanke Road, Anning District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province.



Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights other than those identified above. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.



This standard neither requires nor forbids the designers using computer program to realize the analysis or design of plate heat exchangers; however, when computer program is used in analysis or design, the following ones shall be confirmed in addition to that the requirements of this part shall be met:



a) the rationality of the technology assumption in the adopted program;



b) the adaptability of the adopted program to the design content;



c) the correctness of the input parameter and output result of the adopted program for engineering design.



Inquiries about the technical clauses of this standard shall be submitted to the Secretariat of the Committee in written form, and it is obliged to provide those possibly required information. All the inquiries which are not related to standard clauses directly or cannot be understood will be deemed as technological consultation. As a result, the Committee is entitled to refuse them.



For the comprehension ambiguities and the resulting consequences caused by the publicizing or interpretation of this standard by other organizations without written entitlement or approval of the Committee, the Committee will not undertake any responsibility.





Plate heat exchangers - Part 1: Plate-and-frame heat exchangers



1 Scope



1.1 This part specifies the requirements for material, design, fabrication, inspection, performance determination and energy efficiency evaluation of plate-and-frame heat exchangers (hereinafter referred to as plate heat exchangers).



1.2 This part is applicable to gasketed or semi-welded plate-and-frame heat exchangers. Other plate heat exchangers, where designed, fabricated and inspected by reference to this standard, shall be approved and agreed by the purchaser.



1.3 Design pressure applicable to this part:



a) the design pressure of gasketed plate heat exchanger is not greater than 3.0MPa;



b) the design pressure of semi-welded plate heat exchanger is not greater than 6.0MPa.



1.4 The design temperature range applicable to this part shall be determined according to the allowable service temperature of materials of gaskets and other elements.



2 Normative references



The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (including any amendments) applies.



GB/T 150.2-2011 Pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials

GB/T 699 Quality carbon structure steel

GB/T 700 Carbon structural steels (ISO 630: 1995, NEQ)

GB/T 713 Steel plates for boilers and pressure vessels

GB/T 1220 Stainless steel bar

GB/T 1591 High strength low alloy structural steels

GB/T 2054 Nickel and nickel alloy plate and sheet

GB/T 3077 Alloy structure steels

GB/T 3274 Hot-rolled plates and strips of carbon structural steels and high strength low alloy structural steels (ISO 13976: 2005, ISO 630: 1995, NEQ)

GB/T 3280 Cold rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip

GB/T 3621 Titanium and titanium alloy plate and sheet

GB/T 3624 Titanium and titanium alloy tubes

GB/T 3625 Titanium and titanium alloy tube for condensers and heat exchangers

GB/T 4156 Metallic materials - Sheet and strip - Erichsen cupping test (ISO 20482: 2003, IDT)

GB/T 4237 Hot rolled stainless steel plate, sheet and strip

GB/T 8163 Seamless steel tubes for liquid service

GB/T 13296 Seamless stainless steel tubes for boiler and heat exchanger

GB/T 14845 Titanium sheet for plate heat exchangers

GB/T 14976 Seamless stainless steel pipes for fluid transport

GB/T 26299 Copper alloy sheet and strip for anti-corrosion

GB/T 27698.1 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 1:General requirements

GB/T 27698.3 Test method for the performance of heat exchangers and heat exchange element - Part 3: Plate heat exchanger

NB/T 47008 Carbon steel and alloy steel forgings for pressure equipments

NB/T 47009 Alloy steel forgings for low temperature pressure equipment

NB/T 47010 Stainless and heat-resisting steel forgings for pressure equipments

NB/T 47013 (All parts) Nondestructive testing of pressure equipments

NB/T 47014 Welding procedure qualification for pressure equipment

NB/T 47018 Technical permission of welding materials for pressure equipment

YB/T 5354 Cold-rolled plates of corrosion-resisting alloys



3 Terms and definitions



For the purposes of this part, the following terms and definitions apply.



3.1

plate

corrugated plate formed by precise pressing



3.2

heat transfer area per plate

the surface area of single side of a plate (the shaded part in Figure 1) involved in heat transfer, which is calculated using Equation (1):



a=φ·a1 (1)



Where,



a——the heat transfer area per plate, m2;



a1——the projected area of a plate involved in heat transfer, m2;







Figure 1



φ——the corrugation expansion coefficient, calculated using Equation (2):



(2)



Where,



t'——the surface length of the corrugated pitch (as shown in Figure 2), mm;



t——the corrugated pitch (as shown in Figure 2), mm.



Note: when the difference between the corrugated pitch in diversion zone and that in corrugated zone is large, the heat transfer area of the diversion zone and the corrugated zone shall be calculated respectively, and then added together.



Figure 2



3.3

the nominal heat transfer area per plate

rounded heat transfer area per plate



3.4

connector plate

plate that divides a plate heat exchanger into two or more heat transfer sections



3.5

end plates

plate which prevents the fluids from contacting the connector plate or cover plate



3.6

heat transfer area

rounded sum of heat transfer area per plate of all plates of a plate heat exchanger, which are in contact with medium on both sides



3.7

frame

assembly that provides the structural support and pressure sealing of a plate heat exchanger



3.8

pass plate

plate used to change the direction of medium flow in a plate heat exchanger with two or more passes



3.9

pass

a group of channels in which the medium flows in the same direction in a plate heat exchanger



3.10

channel

medium flow channel formed by adjacent plates in a plate heat exchanger



3.11

pass and channel arrangement

pass and channel arrangement in plate heat exchanger, expressed as:



(3)



Where,



M1, M2, ..., Mi——the number of passes having the same number of channels on heat medium side from the fixed cover plate;



N1, N2, ..., Ni—— the number of channels corresponding to M1, M2, ..., Mi passes;



m1, m2, ..., mi—— the number of passes having the same number of channels on cold medium side from the fixed cover plate;



n1, n2, ..., ni——the number of channels corresponding to m1, m2, ..., mi passes.



3.12

equivalent diameter

ratio of 4 times of sectional area of channels between plates to the wet perimeter



3.13

normal channel space

average distance between the channels of plate heat exchanger



3.14

plate gap

average distance b between two adjacent plates of plate heat exchanger, as shown in Figure 2



3.15

chevron depth

plate chevron forming depth h, as shown in Figure 2



3.16

plate chevron angle

angle β formed between the plate chevron and the horizontal, as shown in Figure 1



3.17

plate thickness

standard specification thickness S0 of the plate marked in the drawing



3.18

plate thickness thinning

difference between the actual plate thickness and the thickness at maximum thinning place of formed plate



3.19

port

inlet or outlet opening in the plate



3.20

plate pack

grouping of all plates contained within a frame



3.21

semi-welded plate pair

two plates welded together



3.22

plate heat exchanger

heat exchanger consisting of plate (or semi-welded plate pair), sealing gasket and support frame. Figure 3 shows the composition of a typical plate heat exchanger



Figure 3



3.23

pressure

force acting on unit area vertically. For the purpose of this part, unless otherwise specified, pressure refers to gauge pressure



3.24

operating pressure

maximum pressure possibly existing on any side of plate heat exchanger under normal operating condition



3.25

design pressure

maximum pressure set on any side of plate heat exchanger, which is used as design load conditions together with the corresponding design temperature and shall not be less than the operating pressure



3.26

design temperature

element temperature of plate heat exchanger set under normal operating pressure and corresponding design pressure



3.27

energy efficiency index (EEI) of plate heat exchanger

calculated energy efficiency of plate heat exchanger under the test conditions specified in this standard



3.28

the minimum allowable values of energy efficiency of plate heat exchanger

the minimum allowable energy efficiency of plate heat exchanger under the test conditions specified in this standard



4 General requirements



4.1 General



The design, fabrication, inspection, performance determination and energy efficiency evaluation of plate heat exchanger shall meet the requirements of this part, the relevant national laws and regulations and safety technical codes as well as the relevant standards, codes and regulations agreed or designated by the purchaser; besides, it shall also meet the requirements of drawings.



4.2 Qualification



4.2.1 The design organization and fabrication organization of plate heat exchanger shall establish and improve various management systems.



4.2.2 The fabrication organization of plate heat exchanger and its sealing gasket shall have the basic conditions for the production of plate heat exchanger and sealing gasket, and should obtain the corresponding safety registration certificate and energy saving registration certificate of plate heat exchanger.



4.3 General requirements



4.3.1 Expression for model of plate heat exchanger





Example 1: the plate heat exchanger with M-shaped plate, port diameter of 200mm, design pressure of 1.6MPa and design temperature of 100℃ is expressed as: M20-1.6/100.



Example 2: the plate heat exchanger with V-shaped plate, nominal heat transfer area per plate of 1.3m2, design pressure of 1.0MPa and design temperature of 120℃ is expressed as: V13-1.0/120.



4.3.2 The purchaser should confirm the requirements of various clauses in Annex B.



4.3.3 The supplier and the purchaser should jointly complete the requirements of various clauses in Annex C.



4.4 Allowable stress of stud



The safety factor of steel stud is selected according to Table 1.

Foreword i
Introduction iii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General requirements
5 Materials
6 Design
7 Drawings and quality certificates
8 Fabrication
9 Inspection and performance determination
10 Energy efficiency evaluation
11 Marking, transportation, packaging and storage
Annex A (Normative) Plate heat exchanger gasket
Annex B (Informative) Plate heat exchanger checklist
Annex C (Informative) Plate heat exchanger data sheets

板式热交换器
第1部分：可拆卸板式热交换器
1 范围
1.1 本部分规定了可拆卸板式热交换器(简称板式热交换器)的材料、设计、制造、检验与性能测定及能效评价要求。
1.2本部分适用于垫片式、半焊式可拆卸板式热交换器。其他形式的板式热交换器在参照本标准进行设计、制造与检验时，应得到需方的认可与同意。
1.3本部分适用的设计压力：
a)垫片式板式热交换器设计压力不高于3.0MPa；
b)半焊式板式热交换器设计压力不高于6.0MPa。
1.4本部分适用的设计温度范围应按垫片与其他元件材料允许的使用温度范围确定。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 150.2—2011 压力容器 第2部分：材料
GB/T 699 优质碳素结构钢
GB/T 700 碳素结构钢(ISO 630：1995，NEQ)
GB/T 713 锅炉和压力容器用钢板
GB/T 1220 不锈钢棒
GB/T 1591 低合金高强度结构钢
GB/T 2054 镍及镍合金板
GB/T 3077 合金结构钢
GB/T 3274 碳素结构钢和低合金结构钢热轧厚钢板和钢带(ISO 13976：2005，ISO 630：1995，NEQ)
GB/T 3280 不锈钢冷轧钢板和钢带
GB/T 3621 钛及钛合金板材
GB/T 3624 钛及钛合金管
GB/T 3625 换热器及冷凝器用钛及钛合金管
GB/T 4156 金属材料 薄板和薄带埃里克森杯突试验(ISO 20482：2003，IDT)
GB/T 4237 不锈钢热轧钢板和钢带
GB/T 8163 输送流体用无缝钢管
GB/T 13296 锅炉、热交换器用不锈钢无缝钢管
GB/T 14845 板式换热器用钛板
GB/T 14976 流体输送用不锈钢无缝钢管
GB/T 26299 耐蚀用铜合金板、带材
GB/T 27698.1 热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法 第1部分：通用要求
GB/T 27698.3 热交换器及传热元件性能测试方法 第3部分：板式热交换器
NB/T 47008 承压设备用碳素钢和合金钢锻件
NB/T 47009 低温承压设备用合金钢锻件
NB/T 47010 承压设备用不锈钢和耐热钢锻件
NB/T 47013 (所有部分)承压设备无损检测
NB/T 47014 承压设备焊接工艺评定
NB/T 4701 8 承压设备用焊接材料订货技术条件
YB/T 5354 耐蚀合金冷轧板
3术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本部分。
3.1
板片plate
经过精密压制形成有波纹的板。
3.2
单板换热面积heat transfer area per plate
板片中参与换热的单侧表面积(图1中阴影部分)，按式(1)计算：
a=φ·a1 (1)
式中：
a——单板换热面积，m2；
a1——板片中参与换热的投影面积，m2；

图1
φ——波纹展开系数，按式(2)计算：
(2)
式中：
t′——波纹节距表面长度(如图2所示)，mm；
t——波纹节距(如图2所示)，mm。
注：当导流区与波纹区波纹节距相差较大时，应分别计算导流区与波纹区换热面积，二者相加。

图2
3.3
单板公称换热面积the nominal heat transfer area per plate
经圆整后的单板换热面积。
3.4
中间隔板connector plate
将一台板式热交换器分成两个或两个以上换热段的隔板。
3.5
端板end plates
用于阻止流体与中间隔板或压紧板相接触的板片。
3.6
热交换器换热面积heat transfer area
圆整后的整台板式热交换器中两侧均与介质相接触的所有板片单板换热面积之和。
3.7
框架frame
构成板式热交换器结构支撑和压力密封的组装件。
3.8
流程板pass plate
在多流程热交换器中用于改变介质流动方向的板。
3.9
流程pass
板式热交换器内介质向同一方向流动的一组流道。
3.10
流道 channel
板式热交换器内相邻板片组成的介质流动通道。
3.11
流程组合pass and channel arrangement
板式热交换器内流程与流道的配置方式，表示为：
(3)
式中：
M1，M2，…，Mi——从固定压紧板开始，热介质侧流道数相同的流程数；
N1，N2，…，Ni——与M1，M2，…，Mi流程中对应的流道数；
m1，m2，…，mi——从固定压紧板开始，冷介质侧流道数相同的流程数；
n1，n2，…，ni——与m1，m2，…，mi流程中对应的流道数。
3.12
当量直径equivalent diameter
4倍的板间流道截面积与湿润周边之比。
3.13
流道间距normal channel space
板式热交换器流道间的平均距离。
3.14
板间距plate gap
板式热交换器相邻两板片间的平均距离b，如图2所示。
3.15
波纹深度chevron depth
板片波纹成形深度h，如图2所示。
3.16
板片波纹角度plate chevron angle
如图1所示的板片波纹与水平方向的夹角β。
3.17
板片厚度plate thickness
图样标注的板材标准规格厚度S0。
3.18
板片减薄量plate thickness thinning
板片实际厚度减去成形板片减薄最大处厚度的差值。
3.19
角孔 port
板片的介质进、出口孔。
3.20
板束plate pack
框架中所含全部板片的集合。
3.21
半焊板片对semi-welded plate pair
两张板片焊接在一起所组成的板片对。
3.22
板式热交换器plate heat exchanger
由板片(或半焊板片对)、密封垫片与支撑框架等组成。图3表示了一个典型板式热交换器的组成。

上导杆
中间隔板
滚动机构
活动压紧板
接管
法兰
垫片
板片
固定压紧板
支柱
下导杆
夹紧螺柱
螺母
图3
3.23
压力pressure
垂直作用于单位面积上的力。在本部分中，除注明者外，压力均指表压力。
3.24
工作压力 operating pressure
工作压力指在正常工作情况下，板式热交换器任何一侧可能出现的最高压力。
3.25
设计压力design pressure
设计压力指设定的板式热交换器任何一侧的最高压力，与相应的设计温度一起作为设计载荷条件，其值不得低于工作压力。
3.26
设计温度design temperature
板式热交换器在正常工作和相应的设计压力下，设定的元件温度。
3.27
板式热交换器能效值energy efficiency index(EEI)of plate heat exchanger
在标准规定测试条件下，板式热交换器的能效计算值。
3.28
板式热交换器能效限定值the minimum allowable values of energy efficiency of plate heat exchanger
在标准规定测试条件下，板式热交换器允许的最低能效值。
4通用要求
4.1 总则
板式热交换器的设计、制造、检验与性能测定及能效评价等除应符合本部分的规定外，还应遵守国家颁布的有关法律法规、安全技术规范及需方同意或是其指定的有关标准规范和法规，且应符合图样要求。
4.2 资格
4.2.1 板式热交换器的设计、制造单位应建立健全各项管理制度。
4.2.2 板式热交换器及其密封垫片制造单位应具备板式热交换器及密封垫片生产的基本条件，且宜取得相应的板式热交换器产品安全注册证与节能注册证。
4.3 一般规定
4.3.1 板式热交换器型号表示方法

设计压力(MPa)/设计温度(℃)
板片参数
板型代号
示例1：板型为M，板片角孔直径为200mm，设计压力为1.6MPa，设计温度为100℃的板式热交换器表示为：M20-1.6/100。
示例2：板型为V，板片单板公称换热面积为1.3m2，设计压力为1.0MPa，设计温度为120℃的板式热交换器表示为：V13-1.0/120。
4.3.2需方宜确认附录B中各条款的规定。
4.3.3 供需双方宜共同完成附录C中各条款的规定。
4.4螺柱许用应力
钢制螺柱的安全系数按表1规定选取。
表1
材 料 螺栓直径/mm 热处理状态 设计温度下屈服点RteL的安全系数ns
碳素钢 ≤M22 正火 2.7
M24～M48 2.5
低合金钢、马氏体高合金钢 ≤M22 调质 3.5
M24～M48 3.0
≥M52 2.7
奥氏体高合金钢 ≤M22 固溶 1.6
M24～M48 1.5

4.5 耐压试验
4.5.1 耐压试验一般采用液压试验，液压试验压力的最低值按下列规定。
pT=1.3p (4)
式中：
pT——液压试验压力，MPa；
p——设计压力，MPa。
4.5.2液压试验按8.4的要求进行。
4.5.3对不宜进行液压试验的板式热交换器，可采用气压试验，试验压力应不低于设计压力。
4.6设计温度
4.6.1 在任何情况下，元件表面温度不得超过元件材料的允许使用温度。设计温度不得低于元件表面在工作状态下可能达到的最高温度；对于0℃以下工作的板式热交换器，其设计温度不得高于元件表面可能达到的最低温度。
4.6.2 对于0℃以上工作的板式热交换器，其铭牌标志设计温度应是其最高值；对于0℃以下工作的板式热交换器，其铭牌标志设计温度应是其最低值。
5材料
5.1 板式热交换器主要零部件所用材料应符合本章的规定。选择板式热交换器用材料应考虑其使用条件(如设计温度、设计压力、介质特性等)、材料性能(力学性能、工艺性能、化学性能和物理性能)、制造工艺及经济合理性。
5.2 板式热交换器主要零部件材料应符合表2的规定。当采用表2以外的材料时应符合下列要求。
5.2.1 选用国外牌号材料时，应符合相应的国外最新材料规范和标准，其使用范围应不超出规范和标准的规定。
5.2.2允许采用已列入国家标准中的奥氏体型钢材，但其技术要求应不低于本部分所列入相应钢材标准中化学成分相近钢号的规定。
5.2.3选用新研制的材料，应经国家认可的评审机构审查备案。
表2
序 号 主要零部件名称 代号(牌号) 材料标准
1 板片 S30408(06Cr19Ni10) GB/T 3280
S32168(06Cr18Ni11Ti)
S30403(022Cr19Ni10)
S31608(06Cr17Ni12Mo2)
S31603(022Cr17Ni12Mo2)
S31782(015Cr21Ni26Mo5Cu2)
S22053(022Cr23Ni5Mo3N)
S25073(022Cr25Ni7Mo4N)
TA1 GB/T 14845
TA9-1
C68700(HA177-2) GB/T 26299
T70590(BFe10-1-1)
N6 GB/T 2054
NS3303 YB/T 5354
2 压紧板
中间隔板 Q235B GB/T 700
Q235C
Q345R GB/T 713
Q345B GB/T 1591
S30408(06Cr19Ni10) GB/T 4237
S30403(022Cr19Ni10)
3 接管 10 GB/T 8163
20
S30408(06Cr19Ni10) GB/T 13296GB/T 14976
S32168(06Cr18Ni11Ti)
S31608(06Cr17Ni12Mo2)
S31603(022Cr17Ni12Mo2)
TA1 GB/T 3624
TA2 GB/T 3625

表2(续)
序 号 主要零部件名称 代号(牌号) 材料标准
4 法兰 Q235B GB/T 3274
Q235C
20 NB/T 47008
16Mn
S30408(06Cr19Ni10) NB/T 47010
S32168(06Cr18Ni11Ti)
S31608(06Cr17Ni12Mo2)
S31603(022Cr17Ni12Mo2)
TA1 GB/T 3621
TA2
16MnD NB/T 47009
5 夹紧螺柱 20 GB/T 699
35
45
40Cr GB/T 3077
35CrMo
30CrMo
43CrMo
20Cr13 GB/T 1220
S30408
S32168
S31608
6 垫片 丁腈橡胶 见附录A
三元乙丙橡胶
氟橡胶聚四氟乙烯包覆垫
注：压紧板、中间隔板可采用S30408(06Cr19Ni10)、S31608(06Cr17Ni12Mo2)等不锈钢材料包覆。

5.3板式热交换器板片、压紧板、中间隔板、夹紧螺柱、法兰、接管、垫片等主要零部件用材料及承受内压的焊缝用焊接材料应具备材料质量证明书，材料质量证明书内容应齐全，且盖有材料制造单位质量检验公章。
5.4板式热交换器制造单位从非材料生产单位获得材料时，应取得材料制造单位提供的材料质量证明书原件或加盖材料供应单位检验公章和经办人名章的有效复印件。
5.5板式热交换器制造单位应对所取得的材料及材料质量证明书的真实性和一致性负责，且应对不能确定材料质量证明书的真实性或者对性能和化学成分有怀疑的主要受压元件材料进行复验。
5.6当采用HA177-2、BFe10-1-1压制板片时，应按照GB/T4156进行埃里克森杯突试验，其埃里克森杯突值应不小于9.5mm。
5.7 螺柱不同温度下的许用应力按表3选取。对表3以外的螺柱材料，其许用应力按钢材设计温度下的屈服强度RteL除以表1中的安全系数ns确定。
5.8螺柱的使用状态及力学性能试验要求等应符合GB/T 150.2—2011第7章的规定。
表3
钢号 钢材标准 使用状态 螺柱规格/mm 常温强度指标 在下列温度(℃)下的许用应力/MPa
Rm/MPa ReL/MPa ≤20 100 150
20 GB/T 699 正火 ≤M22 410 245 91 81 78
M24～M27 400 235 94 84 80
35 GB/T 699 正火 ≤M22 530 315 117 105 98
M24～M27 510 295 118 106 100
45 GB/T 699 正火 ≤M22 600 355 131 120 —
M24～M48 600 335 134 126 —
40Cr GB/T
3077 调质 ≤M22 805 685 196 176 171
M24～M36 765 635 212 189 183
30CrMo GB/T
3077 调质 ≤M22 700 550 157 141 137
M24～M48 660 500 167 150 145
M52～M56 660 500 185 167 161
35CrMo GB/T
3077 调质 ≤M22 835 735 210 190 185
M24～M48 805 685 228 206 199
M52～M80 805 685 254 229 221
S42020 (2Cr13) GB/T1220 调质 ≤M22 640 440 126 117 111
M24～M27 640 440 147 137 130
S30408 GB/T
1220 固溶 ≤M22 520 205 128 107 97
M24～M48 520 205 137 114 103
S32168 GB/T
1220 固溶 ≤M22 520 205 128 107 97
M24～M48 520 205 137 114 103
S31608 GB/T
1220 固溶 ≤M22 520 205 128 109 101
M24～M48 520 205 137 117 107
注1：中间温度的许用应力值，可按本表的数值用内插法求得。注2：45号钢只用于夹紧螺柱。

5.9 板式热交换器用法兰采用碳素钢和低合金钢锻件及不锈钢锻件时，按NB/T 47008、NB/T 47009、NB/T 47010的规定选用，并在图样上注明锻件级别(在钢号后附上级别符号，如20 II)。
5.10板式热交换器用焊接材料应符合NB/T 47018的规定。
5.11 板式热交换器所有铭牌应以适合使用环境的金属材料制作。
6设计
6.1 符号
A——预紧状态下，需要的最小夹紧螺柱总截面积，以螺纹小径计算或以无螺纹部分的最小直径计算，取小者，mm2；
Ab——实际使用的夹紧螺柱总截面积，以螺纹小径计算或以无螺纹部分的最小直径计算，取小者，mm2；
Am——需要的夹紧螺柱总截面积，mm2；
Ap——操作状态下，需要的最小夹紧螺柱总截面积，以螺纹小径计算或以无螺纹部分的最小直径计算，取小者，mm2；
a2——垫片槽中心线所包容的板片最大投影面积，mm2；
B——垫片有效密封宽度(见图4)，mm；
b——板间距，mm；
d——夹紧螺柱小径或无螺纹部分的最小直径，取小者，mm；
FD——作用于a2上的流体静压力，按式(9)计算，N；
Fp——操作状态下，需要的最小垫片压紧力，按式(10)计算，N；
H——上下导杆内侧间的距离，mm；
L——夹紧尺寸，固定压紧板内侧至活动压紧板内侧间的距离，按式(5)计算，mm；
L=Npb+∑S2 (5)
l——垫片中心线展开长度，mm；
L1——导杆长度(固定压紧板内侧至支柱内侧间的距离)，mm；
l1——板片纵向长度，mm；
L2——夹紧螺柱长度，mm；
M——垫片系数，橡胶：m=1；
Ng——中间隔板数；
Np——板片总数；
p——设计压力，MPa；
S0——板片厚度，mm；
S1——压紧板厚度，mm；
S2——中间隔板厚度，mm；
S3——垫片名义厚度(见图4)，mm；
Wa——预紧状态下，需要的最小夹紧螺柱载荷(即预紧状态下，需要的最小垫片压紧力)，N；
Wp——操作状态下，需要的最小夹紧螺柱载荷，N；
y——垫片比压力，橡胶：y=1.4MPa；
[σ]b——常温下夹紧螺柱材料的许用应力，MPa；
[σ]bt——设计温度下夹紧螺柱材料的许用应力，MPa；
δ——夹紧螺柱上所有螺母与垫片厚度之和，mm。
6.2板片
6.2.1 板片设计不考虑腐蚀裕量。
6.2.2板片厚度应满足设计条件要求。对于易燃、易爆及其他有害介质的场合，板片厚度应不小于0.5mm。

图4
6.2.3 板片两端应有对称的定位悬挂结构。
6.3压紧板
6.3.1 设计采用带加强筋的压紧板时，应得到需方同意。
6.3.2 板式热交换器的活动压紧板和中间隔板上宜设置滚动机构。
6.3.3压紧板应有足够的刚性，以保证板式热交换器在正常操作状态不发生泄漏。
6.4垫片
6.4.1 在垫片二道密封之间应设有通向大气的泄漏信号槽，信号槽深度应不小于垫片压缩量。
6.4.2垫片应有保证密封的压缩量。
6.4.3用于传热板片的密封垫片应是一个整体件。
6.4.4 当首次使用粘结式垫片时，制造单位应校验垫片材料、粘结剂与流体的适用性。
6.4.5板式热交换器板片对之间角孔密封可采用包覆垫。
6.5 导杆
6.5.1 导杆长度L1按式(6)计算：
(6)
6.5.2 上导杆应满足承受上导杆自重、活动压紧板、中间隔板及最大面积下板片及所充介质(水或其他流体取密度大者)载荷的1.5倍以上。
6.5.3上、下导杆与板片接触面宜用不锈钢材料制造。
6.6 夹紧螺柱
6.6.1 夹紧螺柱长度L2按式(7)计算：
L2≥2S1+NgS2+(S0+S3)Np+δ+1.5Np (7)
6.6.2夹紧螺柱载荷
a)预紧状态下需要的最小夹紧螺柱载荷Wa按式(7)计算：
Wa=lBy (8)
b)操作状态下需要的最小夹紧螺柱载荷Wp按式(8)计算：
Wp=FD+Fp (9)
式中：
FD=a2p (10)
Fp=2lBmp (11)
c)垫片有效密封宽度B应取垫片的最大宽度(见图4)。
6.6.3夹紧螺柱载荷面积
a)预紧状态下需要的最小夹紧螺柱总截面积Aa按式(12)计算：
(12)
b)操作状态下需要的最小夹紧螺柱总截面积Ap按式(13)计算：
(13)
c)需要的夹紧螺柱总截面积Am取Aa与Ap之大值；
d)实际夹紧螺柱总截面积Ab应不小于需要的夹紧螺柱总截面积Am。
6.6.4夹紧螺柱最小直径按式(14)计算：
(14)
6.6.5 夹紧螺柱光杆长度应不大于夹紧尺寸L。
6.7接管
6.7.1 接管应是双头螺柱连接或法兰连接或活接连接。
6.7.2连接型式应在数据表(附录C)中明确指出。
6.7.3 用于连接双头螺柱所开的孔不宜穿透压紧板体，孔内螺纹的最小长度应为双头螺柱直径值，未穿透部分厚度不小于压紧板厚度的1/4。
6.7.4 多流程板式热交换器的流道布置应考虑能通过接管排空。
6.7.5对有合金衬里的接管，衬里的最小厚度应不小于板片厚度。
6.7.6 法兰连接件伸出部分长度应使连接螺栓在法兰两侧都能安装与拆卸。
6.7.7法兰螺栓孔或压紧板上的螺柱(栓)孔应与铅垂线跨中布置(见图5)。

图5
6.7.8对于合金接管，需方对接管采用整体合金或合金衬里结构应有明确要求。
6.7.9接管应能承受由管道所引起的力和力矩。表4和表5分别列出了标准用途和苛刻用途时接管应承受载荷的推荐值。如果需方没有规定，一般应采用表4中的标准接管载荷，力与力矩的方向如图6所示。
表4
公称直径
DN/mm 接管载荷
PN20 PN50 PN110
F/N M/N·m F/N M/N·m F/N M/N·m

注：以上数据由下列公式计算：


式中：
F=FX=FY=FZ；
M=MX=MY=MZ。


图6
表5
公称直径
DN/mm 接管载荷
PN20 PN50 PN110
F/N M/N·m F/N M/N·m F/N M/N·m

注：以上数据由下列公式计算：
F=7.5DN1.2+0.1PN·DN1.2
M＝4(DN-25)1.4+2×10-5PN·DN2.7
式中：
F=FX=FY=FZ；
M=MX=MY＝MZ。

6.8 起吊
板式热交换器应有适当的起重吊耳、吊耳孔或类似的结构。
7图样及质量证明文件
7.1 图样
7.1.1 制造单位应提交每台板式热交换器总装图供需方审查。总装图应至少包含下列内容：
a)用途、项目号、工程名称、档案号；
b)设计压力、最大允许工作压力、试验压力、设计温度及板式热交换器耐压试验和操作限制；
c)框架、板片、垫片的预期设计使用寿命；
d)产品型号、换热面积；
e)支座尺寸与方位；
f) 外型尺寸；
g)板束夹紧尺寸；
h)板式热交换器净质量与充水质量；
i) 板式热交换器维修所需空间；
j) 板片与垫片数量以及框架允许的最大可装板片数；
k)接管尺寸、法兰规格及方位、介质流向标志；
l) 所用标准、法规及规范；
m)垫片材料及与板片的固定方式或所需黏结剂。
7.1.2需方认可后，制造单位应提供最终的总装图。需方对总装图的确认，并不解除制造单位应满足订单要求的责任。
7.1.3 如果需方有要求，制造单位应提交焊接工艺和焊接节点图，供需方审查。
7.1.4如果需方有要求，制造单位应提交计算书，供需方认可或保存。
7.2质量证明文件
7.2.1 质量证明文件应至少包括下列内容：
a)产品合格证；
b)产品使用说明书；
c)产品总装图；
d)产品流程组合图；
e)产品质量证明书；
f) 安全注册证书与节能注册证书复印件(获证企业)。
7.2.2产品质量证明书应至少包括下列内容：
a)产品技术特性；
b)板片、压紧板、夹紧螺柱、法兰、接管、垫片及承受内压焊缝用焊接材料的材料名称与规格；
c)外观及几何尺寸检验结果；
d)压力试验检验报告；
e)无损检测检验报告(需方有要求时)；
f) 焊接质量检查结果(包括超过2次的返修记录)。
7.2.3产品使用说明书应至少包括下列内容：
a)设备安装与维修宜采用的工具；
b)设备安装注意事项；
c)设备开、停车注意事项；
d)设备拆卸注意事项；
e)设备维修注意事项；
f)设备及板片宜采用的清洗方法。
7.2.4 制造单位应将板式热交换器的生产质量证明记录文件至少保存5年。