Technical requirements of cargo loading-unloading and securement for swap trailer transport
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic principles, loading-unloading requirements, requirements for number of lashing equipment and requirements for cargo securement in swap trailer transport.
This standard is applicable to the loading and securement of packaged cargo and solid objects for swap trailer transport. It may be implemented as reference for other types of cargo transport.
This standard is not applicable to the loading and securement of dangerous cargo and those with special transport requirements.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 191 Packaging — Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB 1589 Limits of dimensions,axle load and masses for motor vehicles,trailers and combination vehicles
GB/T 9174 General specification for transport packages of general cargo
GB/T 13201-1997 Packaging — Dimensions of cylinder transport package
GB/T 16470-2008 Palletized unit loads
GB/T 23914.1 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles — Safety — Part 1: Calculation of lashing force
GB/T 23914.2 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles — Safety — Part 2: Web lashing assembly made from synthetic fibres
GB/T 23914.3 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles — Safety — Part 3: Chain binding assembly
GB/T 23914.4 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles — Safety — Part 4: Steel wire binding assembly
JB/T 2390 Counter balanced fork lift trucks — Basic parameter
JB/T 3341 Pallet stacking trucks
JT/T 385 General requirements of packaging for transport cargo by water and road
JT/T 389 Specification for van trailers
VDI 2700 Part 4 Securing of loads on road-vehicles load distribution plan
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CB/T 23914.1 and GB/T 16470-2008 and the following apply.
3.1
unstable load
cargo whose bottom area is far smaller than its top area and cannot be laid upside down, or cargo whose length-to-height ratio is not more than 0.8 (L/H ≤ 0.8; see Figure 1) or aspect ratio is not more than 0.7 (B/H ≤ 0.7; see Figure 1), or cargo transported only with auxiliary support devices
3.2
lashing point
load fixing devices on the carrier, such as rope hook (car hook), D-ring, lashing ring (lashing eye), ring plate, lifting lug and lashing rail (see Figure 2)
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Basic principles of cargo loading
5 Loading requirements
6 Requirements for the number of lashing equipment
7 Requirements for securing cargo
Annex A (Informative) Loading, blocking and securing methods for typical cargoes
Annex B (Normative) Calculation method of lashing force
Annex C (Normative) Technical requirements for lashing points of road freight vehicles
