![]() |
中标分类
行业分类
ICS分类
最新标准
|
登录注册 |
您的位置: 标准明细 |
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This code is revised by China National Chemical Engineering Group Corporation Ltd., The 13th Construction Co., Ltd. of China National Chemical Engineering and National Chemical Construction Standardization Management Center Station as organized by the China Petroleum & Chemical Engineering Survey and Design Association in accordance with the requirements of Notice on printing the formulation and revision plan of first batch industry standards in 2009 (GONGXINTINGKE [2014], No. 104) issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the document (ZHONGSHIHUAXIEZHIFA [2009] No. 136) of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association. This code replaces HG 20203-2000 General specification for installation and acceptance of chemical machinery as of its implementation date. After extensive investigation and careful summarization of practical experience, with reference to relevant international and foreign advanced standards and based on widely soliciting opinions, the drafting group of this code revised this code. This code consists of 8 clauses and 11 annexes, with the main contents including general provisions, terms and symbols, construction preparation, machine installation, cleaning and assembling, installation for auxiliary equipment and piping, single unit test run and hand over technical documents. The following main changes have been made with respect to HG 20203-2000: 1. The terms and symbols are added; 2. The installation without pad plate and with spiral jackscrew is added in 4.2; 3. The 5.3 “Assembling of coupling” is added; 4. 6.2 “Piping installation for oil system and other system” and 6.4 “Degreasing, anti-corrosion and heat insulation” are added in clause 6; 5. The original "Annex E Mixture ratio of concrete for grouting" is deleted; 6. The "Annex E Cleaning and washing for fittings and piping” is added; 7. The clause 7 “Pre-test run work” is revised as “Single unit test run”, with the contents adjusted; 8. The names and contents of other clauses are also adjusted, modified and supplemented. This code was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of China Petroleum & Chemical Engineering Survey and Design Association. Code for construction and acceptance of chemical machine installation engineering (General purpose requirement) 1 General provisions 1.0.1 This code is formulated in order to improve the construction level of chemical machine installation engineering, strengthen the quality control in the construction process, and ensure the construction quality and safety. 1.0.2 This code is applicable to the construction and acceptance of general purpose requirements for the on-site assembly or integral installation of compressors, fans, chemical pumps, centrifuges, stirrers, filters, dryers and refrigerators. 1.0.3 The installed machines, parts and components, and main materials shall meet the requirements of the design documents. 1.0.4 For chemical machine, during the construction, the implementation shall comply with the design documents. 1.0.5 For the construction and acceptance of chemical machine installation engineering, this code shall be implemented and the requirements of current relevant standards of the nation shall be met. 2 Terms and symbols 2.1 Terms 2.1.1 machine machinery equipped with driving device and mainly composed of moving action components 2.1.2 equipment machinery mainly composed of static action component 2.1.3 set machinery combination of several different machines, auxiliary equipment and detection and automatic control system to complete the same task 2.1.4 datum (point, line and level) point, line and plane determined as the standard position of the starting point for measuring and adjusting the position of one or several relative points, lines and planes when the machine is installed and tested 2.1.5 datum size size given by the design document, which is a reference size used to determine the deviation limiting size 2.1.6 deviation algebraic difference obtained by subtracting the datum size from an actual size or limiting size 2.1.7 tolerance deviation limit range of allowable deviation for the two limits between which the size change is allowed, which is determined in order to meet certain use requirements while determining the datum size 2.1.8 centring deviation deviation of the adjusted axis relative to the reference axis at the axial and radial positions 2.1.9 radial displacement offset of the adjusted axis relative to the reference axis at the radial position 2.1.10 axial inclination degree of inclination of the adjusted axis relative to the reference axis 2.1.11 levelness degree of inclination of a plane relative to horizontal plane 2.1.12 verticality degree of inclination of a straight line relative to a plumb line 2.1.13 primary grouting for anchor bolt hole grouting for the holes reserved for anchor bolts after initial leveling and aligning are carried out for the machine and considered acceptable 2.1.14 secondary grouting for anchor bolt hole grouting between the foundation and the base surface of the machine after leveling and aligning are carried out as required for the machine and considered acceptable 2.1.15 utility engineering auxiliary engineering for oil, water, gas and steam systems in chemical plants 2.1.16 single unit test run test run of the machine body, including no-load and load test run 2.1.17 hand over handover work carried out by the construction organization to the development organization (or the general contractor) after all the construction tasks (a small amount of tail items that do not affect the test run are allowed) for unit engineering or partial devices are completed according to the scope specified in the design drawings and technical documents, the single unit test run is considered acceptable and it is inspected and confirmed by the supervision organization 2.2 Symbols θ, ψ——plane angle; L——length; b——width; h——height; R——radius; D——diameter; A——area; m——mass; F, W——force and weight; M, T——moment, torque and couple moment; p——pressure, intensity of pressure; t——Celsius temperature; n——rotating speed; n1——number of groups; C——safety coefficient or clearance value; α——linear expansion coefficient of materials; Δt——difference between working temperature and ambient temperature. 3 Construction preparation 3.1 Technical preparation 3.1.1 Drawing joint review shall be completed before the construction of chemical machine installation engineering. 3.1.2 Construction technical scheme or technical measures for chemical machine installation engineering shall have been approved. 3.1.3 Before construction of chemical machine installation engineering, technical disclosure shall be carried out for the construction personnel. 3.2 Technical materials 3.2.1 Prior to the construction of chemical machine installation engineering, the following technical materials shall be available: 1 Installation engineering construction drawings and design documents. 2 Assembly drawings, main component drawings, vulnerable part drawings and instructions of machines and equipment. 3 Certificate of conformance issued by the machine and equipment manufacturers and inspection records of assembling, test and test run. 4 Packing list of machines and equipment. 5 Product quality certificate of the machine and equipment manufacturers shall include the following contents: 1) Quality certificate, certificate of conformance and valve pressure test certificate of random pipes, valves, pipe fittings and fasteners; 2) Quality certificate, certificate of conformance and manufacturing supervision and inspection certificate of random pressure vessels. 3.2.2 Construction tables for quality records and hand over technical documents shall be complete. 3.3 Unpacking inspection and keeping 3.3.1 For the inspection of imported machines, auxiliary equipment and materials, detailed inspection rules shall be compiled in accordance with the current professional standard HG 20234 General rules for inspection of imported equipment and materials for chemical industrial construction projects and accompanied technical documents, after which is approved can the inspection be carried out. 3.3.2 Unpacking acceptance of machines, equipment and materials shall be conducted with the participation of the development organization or the general contractor, the supervision organization and the installation organization; for large and complex machines and equipment, the unpacking inspection shall be conducted with the participation of the manufacturer beside the aforesaid interested parties, with the following requirements met: 1 The packing condition, box number, name, specification, model and quantity of packaging boxes of machines, equipment and materials shall be verified. 2 The technical documents and special tools of the machine shall be complete. 3 The appearance of machines and auxiliary equipment, parts, components and accessories shall be checked, and the type, specification, model and quantity of parts, components and accessories shall be verified. 4 The inspection records shall be signed after inspection. 3.3.3 The inspection records of the auxiliary equipment belonging to the pressure vessel shall be complete. 3.3.4 After the machines, equipment and materials are accepted by all parties, they shall be kept and maintained in accordance with the following requirements: 1 The warehouse or workshop for storing machines and accompanying accessories shall be dry, ventilated and anti-corrosive. 2 Machines placed in open-air shall meet the following requirements: 1) The machine shall be lifted by padding, placed stably and neatly. 2) Temporary covering measures should be taken; 3) The inlet and outlet shall be sealed. 3 Where there are special maintenance requirements specified in the accompanied technical documents, the machine shall be subjected to special maintenance as required. 4 The surface of the packaging box shall be in good condition. In case of any damage, it shall be repaired in time. 5 Fire-fighting equipment shall be available at the storage site. 3.3.5 Electrical and instrument equipment and accessories matched with the machine shall be accepted by personnel from various disciplines. 3.4 Requiring conditions of construction site 3.4.1 The following conditions shall be provided before machine installation: 1 The main civil works have been completed, the foundation is ready for installation, and the underground works near the foundation have been completed. 2 The site has been leveled and sundries cleaned up. 3 Transport and fire fighting roads for construction have been unblocked. 4 Water, power, steam, compressed air, lighting and communication systems for construction are complete. 5 The lifting and transporting machinery are ready for use. 6 Storage warehouses for parts, components and materials are ready for use. 7 The detection instruments and test equipment used for the installation of the machine have been fully prepared. 8 Fire fighting equipment has been fully prepared. 3.4.2 Where the environment on the construction site does not meet the construction requirements, protective measures shall be taken. 3.5 Acceptance and treatment for foundation 3.5.1 Before the foundation is used, the handover shall be carried out and the following data shall be provided: 1 Foundation construction records, foundation acceptance reports and foundation defect treatment records. 2 Concrete test block strength test report. 3 Foundation handover certificate. 3.5.2 The elevation datum line as well as the vertical and horizontal center lines on the foundation as well as the coordinate axes on the building shall be distinct. 3.5.3 Where the design has settlement test observation requirements on the foundation, the elevation records of settlement observation points shall be verified, and the settlement observation time and settlement amount shall meet the relevant requirements of the current professional standard JGJ/T 8 Code for deformation measurement of building and structure. 3.5.4 The foundation surface shall be free from such defects as cracks, honeycombs, cavities and rib leakage. 3.5.5 The foundation size and position shall be remeasured, with the tolerance deviation meeting those specified in Table 3.5.5. Table 3.5.5 Tolerance deviation of foundation size and position In mm Item Tolerance deviation Coordinate location (vertical and horizontal axes) 20 Elevation of different planes 0 -20 Overall size of plane ±20 Overall sizes of the upper plane of the convex plate 0 -20 Recess size +20 0 Levelness of the upper plane of the foundation (including the part of floor where equipment is installed) 5mm/m, with a total length of 10 Verticality 5mm/m, with a total height of 10 Embedded anchor bolt Elevation (top) +20 0 Center distance (measured at root and top) ±2 Reserved anchor bolt hole Central position 10 Depth +20 0 Verticality of hole wall 10 Anchor-plate anchor bolt hole Elevation +20 0 Central position 5 Levelness of the anchor plate 2 Embedded casing pipe Verticality of casing pipe 5mm/m, with a total height of 10 3.5.6 The foundation treatment before installation shall meet the following requirements: 1 The foundation for secondary grouting for anchor bolt hole shall have a pitted surface. The depth of pitting should be greater than 10mm, and the density should be 3~5 points per 100mm×100mm; there shall be no oil stain or loose layer on the foundation surface. 2 The foundation surface from the place where the pad plate is placed to the periphery of about 30mm shall be leveled, with the tolerance deviation of levelness preferably being 2mm/m. 3 Gravel, mud, accumulated water and other sundries in bolt holes shall be removed. 4 Machine installation 4.1 Installation with pad plate 4.1.1 The layout of the pad plate group shall meet the following requirements: 1 One group shall be placed on each side of the anchor bolt. Where the spacing between the anchor bolts is less than 300mm, one group of pad plate may be placed on the same side of each anchor bolt. 2 The pad plate group on both sides of anchor bolts with anchor plates shall be placed on both sides of reserved holes. 3 The spacing between two adjacent pad plate groups should not be greater than 500mm. 4.1.2 The calculation and selection of the minimum area of the pad plate group shall meet the following requirements. 1 The minimum area of the pad plate group may be calculated using Formula (4.1.2-1): (4.1.2-1) where, A——the pad plate area, mm2; C——the safety coefficient, which may be 1.5~3; W1——the load imposed by the weight of the machine on the pad plate group, N; W2——the load generated on the pad plate group after the anchor bolt is tightened, N; p——the compressive strength per unit area of foundation and floor concrete, which may be the concrete design strength, MPa. Foreword iii 1 General provisions 2 Terms and symbols 2.1 Terms 2.2 Symbols 3 Construction preparation 3.1 Technical preparation 3.2 Technical materials 3.3 Unpacking inspection and keeping 3.4 Requiring conditions of construction site 3.5 Acceptance and treatment for foundation 4 Machine installation 4.1 Installation with pad plate 4.2 Installation without pad plate 4.3 Anchor bolt 4.4 Locating, leveling and aligning 4.5 Grouting 5 Cleaning and assembling 5.1 General requirement 5.2 Assembling for bolt, key and locating pin 5.3 Assembling of coupling 5.4 Assembling of rolling bearing 5.5 Assembling of sliding bearing 5.6 Assembling of interference fitting 5.7 Assembling of sealing element 5.8 Assembling of driving belt, chain and gear 6 Installation for auxiliary equipment and piping 6.1 Installation of auxiliary equipment 6.2 Piping installation for oil system and other systems 6.3 Jointing for piping and machine 6.4 Degreasing, anti-corrosion and heat insulation 7 Single unit test run 7.1 Conditions required for test run 7.2 Preparation for test run 7.3 Single unit test run 8 Hand over technical documents Annex A Setting pad plate with pressure grouting or seating mortar method Annex B Installation without pad plate Annex C Twisting moment and axial tensile force for anchor bolt Annex D Operating method for centring and aligning for coupling Annex E Cleaning and washing for fittings and piping Annex F Methods of surface treatment in common use and quality requirement Annex G Seizure resistance agents in common use Annex H Calculating method for bolt rigidity, rigidity of connected fittings and fastening moment Annex J Assembling method for interference fit and transition fit Annex K Adjustment for tensile force of triangular belt Annex L Mixture ratio for acid cleaning solution of piping Explanation of wording in this code List of quoted standards 1 总 则 1.0.1 为提高化工机器安装工程的施工水平,加强施工过程的质量控制,保证施工质量和安全,制定本标准。 1.0.2本标准适用于压缩机、风机、化工用泵、离心机、搅拌器、过滤机、干燥机和制冷机现场组装或整体安装通用规定的施工及验收。 1.0.3安装的机器、零部件和主要材料应符合设计文件的规定。 1.0.4化工机器在施工过程中应按设计文件执行。 1.0.5 化工机器安装工程施工及验收除应执行本标准外,尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。 2术语和符号 2.1 术 语 2.1.1 机器machine 配有驱动装置并以运动的作用部件为主的机械。 2.1.2 设备equipment 以静置的作用部件为主的机械。 2.1.3 机组set 由几种不同的机器、附属设备及检测自控系统等组合,为完成同一任务的机械联合体。 2.1.4 基准datum(point,line,level) 机器安装检测时,为了测量、调整一个或几个相对的点、线、面位置度,而确定作为起点标准位置的点、线、面。 2.1.5 基本尺寸datum size 由设计文件给定的尺寸,是用来确定偏差极限尺寸的一个基准尺寸。 2.1.6 偏差deviation 某实际尺寸或极限尺寸减其基本尺寸,所得的代数差。 2.1.7 允许偏差tolerance deviation 设计确定基本尺寸的同时,为满足某种使用要求,而确定的允许尺寸变化的两个界限所许可偏差的极限范围。 2.1.8 对中偏差centring deviation 调整轴线相对于基准轴线在轴线及径向位置上的偏差。 2.1.9 径向位移radial displacement 调整轴线相对于基准轴线在径向位置上的偏移量。 2.1.10 轴向倾斜axial inclination 调整轴线相对于基准轴线的倾斜程度。 2.1.11 水平度levelness 某一平面相对于水平面的倾斜程度。 2.1.12 铅垂度verticality 某一直线相对于铅垂线的倾斜程度。 2.1.13 一次灌浆primary grouting for anchor bolt hole 机器经过初找平、找正合格后,对地脚螺栓预留孔的灌浆。 2.1.14 二次灌浆secondary grouting for anchor bolt hole 机器经过按规定找平、找正合格后,对机器的基础与底座面之间的灌浆。 2.1.15 公用工程utility engineering 化工装置中的油、水、气、汽系统等配套工程。 2.1.16 单机试运转single unit test run 机器本体的试运转,包括无负荷及负荷试运转。 2.1.17 中间交接hand over 单位工程或部分装置按设计图纸及技术文件所规定的范围全部完成施工任务(允许留有不影响开车的少量尾项),并经单机试运转合格后,经监理单位检验确认,由施工单位向建设单位(或总承包单位)所进行的交接工作。 2.2 符 号 θ、ψ——平面角; L——长度; b——宽度; h——高度; R——半径; D——直径; A——面积; m——质量; F、W——力、重力; M、T——力矩、扭矩、力偶矩; p——压力、压强; t——摄氏温度; n——转速; n1——组数; C——安全系数或间隙值; α——材料线膨胀系数; Δt——工作温度与环境温度差。 3施工准备 3.1 技术准备 3.1.1 化工机器安装工程施工前应完成图纸会审。 3.1.2化工机器安装工程施工技术方案或技术措施应已批准。 3.1.3化工机器安装工程施工前,应对施工人员进行技术交底。 3.2技术资料 3.2.1 化工机器安装工程施工前应具备下列技术资料: 1 安装工程施工图纸和设计文件。 2机器、设备的装配图及主要部件图、易损零件图和说明书。 3机器、设备制造厂的合格证。装配、试验及试运转检验记录。 4机器、设备的装箱清单。 5 机器、设备制造厂的产品质量证明文件应包括下列内容: 1)随机管材、阀门、管件和紧固件的质量证明书、合格证和阀门试压合格证; 2)随机压力容器质量证明书、合格证和制造监检证书。 3.2.2质量记录和交工文件的施工用表应齐全。 3.3开箱检验及管理 3.3.1 进口机器、附属设备和材料检验应按现行行业标准《化工建设项目进口设备、材料检验大纲》HG 20234和随机技术文件编写检验细则,并应经批准后,方可进行检验工作。 3.3.2 机器、设备及材料的开箱验收应在建设单位或总承包单位、监理单位、安装单位共同参加下进行,大型、复杂机器和设备的开箱检验还需制造厂家参加,并应符合下列规定: 1 应核对机器、设备、材料包装箱的包装状况、箱号、名称、规格、型号和数量。 2 机器技术文件和专用工具应齐全。 3应检查机器及附属设备、零部件、附件外观,并核实零部件、附件的种类、规格、型号和数量。 4检验后应签署检验记录。 3.3.3属于压力容器的附属设备的检验记录应齐全。 3.3.4机器、设备和材料经各方验收后,应按下列规定进行保管维护: 1存放机器和随机附件的仓库或厂房应干燥、通风,并应防腐蚀。 2露天放置的机器应符合下列规定: 1)机器应垫高,放置应平稳,摆放应整齐: 2)宜采用临时遮盖措施; 3)进出口应采取封闭措施。 3 当随机技术文件有特殊维护要求时,应按要求对机器进行特殊维护。 4包装箱表面应完好,当有破损时,应及时修补。 5存放现场应备有消防器材。 3.3.5与机器配套的电气、仪表设备及配件应由各专业人员进行验收。 3.4施工现场应具备的条件 3.4.1 机器安装前应具备下列条件: 1 土建主体工程已结束,基础已具备安装条件,基础附近的地下工程已完成。 2场地已平整,杂物已清理干净。 3施工运输和消防道路已畅通。 4施工用的水源、电源、蒸汽、压缩空气、照明和通信系统已齐备。 5起重运输机具已具备使用条件。 6零件、部件和材料储存库房已具备使用条件。 7机器安装所用的检测器具和试验设备已准备齐全。 8消防器材已齐备。 3.4.2 当施工现场的环境不符合施工要求时,应采取防护措施。 3.5基础验收及处理 3.5.1 基础使用前应办理交接,并提供下列资料: 1 基础施工记录、基础验收报告和基础缺陷处理记录。 2混凝土试块强度试验报告。 3基础交接证书。 3.5.2基础上的标高基准线、纵横中心线和建筑物上的坐标轴线应清晰。 3.5.3 当设计对基础有沉降试验观测要求时,应校核沉降观测点的标高记录,观测沉降的时间和沉降量应符合现行行业标准《建筑变形测量规范》JGJ/T 8的有关规定。 3.5.4基础表面不得有裂纹、蜂窝、空洞和漏筋缺陷。 3.5.5应对基础尺寸和位置进行复测,其允许偏差应符合表3.5.5的规定。 表3.5.5基础尺寸和位置的允许偏差 单位:mm 项 目 允许偏差 坐标位置(纵、横轴线) 20 不同平面的标高 0 -20 平面外形尺寸 ±20 凸台上平面外形尺寸 0 -20 凹穴尺寸 +20 0 基础上平面的水平度(包括地坪上需安装设备的部分) 5mm/m,且全长10 垂直度 5mm/m,且全高10 预埋地脚螺栓 标高(顶端) +20 0 中心距(在根部和顶部两处测量) ±2 预留地脚螺栓孔 中心位置 10 深度 +20 0 孔壁垂直度 10 锚板式地脚螺栓孔 标高 +20 0 中心位置 5 锚板的水平度 2 预埋套管 套管的垂直度 5mm/m,且全高10 3.5.6安装前的基础处理应符合下列规定: 1 二次灌浆的基础表面应铲出麻面。麻点深度宜大于10mm,密度宜为每100mm×100mm内3~5点;基础表面不得有油污或疏松层。 2放置垫铁处至周边约30mm的基础表面应铲平,其水平度的允许偏差宜为2mm/m。 3螺栓孔内的碎石、泥土、积水和其他杂物,应清除干净。 4机器的安装 4.1 有垫铁安装 4.1.1 垫铁组的布置应符合下列规定: 1 在地脚螺栓两侧各放置一组,当地脚螺栓间距小于300mm时,可在各地脚螺栓的同一侧放置一组垫铁。 2带锚板的地脚螺栓两侧的垫铁组应放置在预留孔的两侧。 3相邻两垫铁组的间距不宜大于500mm。 4.1.2 垫铁组最小面积的计算和选用应符合下列规定。 1 垫铁组的最小面积可按式(4.1.2-1)计算: (4.1.2-1) 式中: A——垫铁面积(mm2); C——安全系数,可取1.5~3; W1——机器的重量加在该垫铁组上的荷载(N); W2——地脚螺栓拧紧后在该垫铁组上产生的荷载(N); p——基础和地坪混凝土的单位面积抗压强度(MPa),可取混凝土设计强度。 表4.1.2常用垫铁规格 单位:mm 斜垫铁 平 垫 铁 垫铁面积/mm2 代号 1 b c a 材料 代号 1 b 材料 A 斜1 100 50 ≥5 4 普通碳钢 平1 100 50 普通 碳钢 或 铸铁 5 000 斜2 120 60 ≥5 6 平2 120 60 7 200 斜3 140 70 ≥5 8 平3 140 70 9 800 斜4 160 80 ≥5 10 平4 160 80 12 800 斜5 200 100 ≥5 10 平5 200 100 20 000 斜6 300 150 ≥10 10 平6 300 150 45 000 斜7 400 200 ≥10 10 平7 400 200 80 000 注1:平垫铁采用铸铁材料时,厚度应大于20mm,上下面应刨光,粗糙度应为12.5μm。 注2:当调整垫铁进行敲击时,应将端面的棱边进行倒角。 2地脚螺栓拧紧后在该垫铁组上产生的荷载W2可按式(4.1.2-2)计算: W2=0.785d2[σ]n (4.1.2-2) 式中: d——地脚螺栓直径(mm); n——地脚螺栓数量; [σ]——地脚螺栓材料的许用应力。 3 垫铁面积值计算后,常用垫铁规格可按表4.1.2中选用比计算垫铁面积值大的垫铁。 4.1.3垫铁非加工表面应平整,无氧化物、飞边、毛刺;斜垫铁的斜面粗糙度应为12.5μm(见图4.1.3),斜度宜为1:20~1:10。 4.1.4斜垫铁应配对使用,与平垫铁组成垫铁组时,不宜超过5层,且薄垫铁应放在两块厚平垫铁之间。垫铁组的高度宜为30~70mm,安装大机器时,垫铁组的高度宜为40~70mm。 其余 斜垫铁 全部 平垫铁 图4.1.3垫铁简图 4.1.5 垫铁应直接放置在基础上,与基础表面接触应均匀,其接触面积应大于50%。平垫铁表面水平度的允许偏差应小于2mm/m。 4.1.6 垫铁可采用压浆法或座浆法,其施工方法应符合本标准附录A的规定。 4.1.7机器找平后,垫铁组应露出底座的外边缘10~30mm;地脚螺栓两侧的垫铁组,每块垫铁伸入机器底座面的长度均应超过地脚螺栓直径的外缘;当机器底座的底面与垫铁接触宽度不够时,垫铁组放置的位置应在底座承压面中部。 4.1.8配对斜垫铁的搭接长度应大于全长的3/4,相互间的偏斜角不应大于3°(见图4.1.8)。 不大于3° 安放时其偏斜角不应大于3° 图4.1.8斜垫铁放置位置示意图 4.1.9垫铁组检查应符合下列规定: 1 机器用垫铁找平、找正后,应采用0.25kg或0.5kg的手锤敲击检查垫铁组,应无松动现象。 2垫铁组各层之间及垫铁与机器底座之间采用0.05mm的塞尺检查其间隙,在垫铁同一断面处从两侧塞入的长度总和不得超过垫铁长(宽)度的1/3。 3 垫铁组层间应点焊固定,垫铁与机器底座之间不得点焊。 4.2无垫铁安装 4.2.1 无垫铁安装应符合本标准附录B的规定。 4.2.2采用螺旋丝顶、小型千斤顶或临时垫铁进行调整时,布置的位置和数量应根据机器的重量和底座的结构确定。 4.2.3 当机器的底座设有找平、找正调整顶丝时,支持顶丝用的钢垫板放置后,其顶面水平度的允许偏差应为1 mm/m。 4.2.4无垫铁方法安装的机器应采用微胀混凝土或无收缩混凝土进行二次灌浆。其配合比应符合现行国家标准《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》GB 50204的有关规定。 4.2.5当二次灌浆层达到设计强度的75%以上时,方可松掉顶丝或取出千斤顶和临时垫铁,并应复测机器水平度,再采用与二次灌浆同样配合比的混凝土进行填实。 4.3地脚螺栓 4.3.1 基础预留孔中的地脚螺栓应符合下列规定: 1 地脚螺栓的光杆部分应无油污和氧化皮,螺纹部分应涂抹油脂。 2螺栓应垂直,并应居中于机器底座螺栓孔的中心位置。 3地脚螺栓任一部位与预留孔的孔底、孔壁的间距应大于15mm。 4拧紧螺母后,螺栓应露出螺母2~3个螺距。 5螺母与垫圈、垫圈与底座间的接触应紧密。 4.3.2拧紧地脚螺栓应在预留孔的一次灌浆混凝土达到设计强度的75%以上时进行。拧紧力应均匀,拧紧力矩及轴向拉力数值应符合本标准附录C的规定。 4.3.3放置带锚板的地脚螺栓应符合下列规定: 1 地脚螺栓的光杆部分和锚板应涂刷防锈涂料。 2螺母与锚板之间应点焊固定。 4.3.4 T型头地脚螺栓的安装(见图4.3.4)应符合下列规定: 1 T型地脚螺栓与基础板应按规格配套使用,其规格应符合现行行业标准《T型头地脚螺栓》JB/ZQ 4362和《T型头地脚螺栓用锚板》JB/ZQ 4172的有关规定。 L1——螺栓露出设备底座上表面的长度;L2——设备底座穿螺栓处的厚度; L3——护管高度;L4——锚板厚度;L——T型头地脚螺栓长度; 1——锚板;2——护管;3——T型头地脚螺栓;4——设备底座;5——垫片;6——螺母 图4.3.4 T型头地脚螺栓的安装 2 T型头地脚螺栓的主要尺寸应符合表4.3.4的规定。 表4.3.4 T型头地脚螺栓的主要尺寸 单位:mm 螺栓公称直径 锚板厚度 螺栓露出机器底座上表面的最小长度 (双螺母) 护管最大高度 3埋设T型头地脚螺栓用锚板应牢固、平整,在螺栓安装前,孔内不得有杂物,护管与锚板直进行密封焊接。 4地脚螺栓光杆部分和预埋钢板应涂刷防锈涂料。 5预留孔或护管内的密封填充物应符合设计文件的规定。 4.4就位、找平及找正 4.4.1 机器上作为定位基准的点、线和面对安装基准的允许偏差应符合表4.4.1的规定。 表4.4.1 定位基准的点、线和面对安装基准的允许偏差 单位:mm 项 目 允 许 偏 差 平面位置 标 高 与其他设备无机械联系时 ±5 ±5 与其他设备有机械联系时 ±2 ±1 4.4.2 安装在金属结构上的机器应采用金属薄垫片进行找正调整,对有膨胀要求的机器应按设计文件规定确认膨胀量及膨胀方向。 4.4.3对互有连接、衔接或排列关系的机器应划定共同的安装基准点。一般或永久的中心标板或基准点的埋设应符合随机技术文件的要求。 4.4.4 当机器找平和找正时,安装基准部位的水平度允许偏差应为:横向0.10mm/m;纵向0.05mm/m。不得采用松紧地脚螺栓的办法调整找平和找正数值。 4.4.5 当机器找平和找正时,安装基准测量位置应在下列部位中选择: 1 机体上加工精度较高的平面。 2支撑滑动部件的导向面。 3转动部件的轴颈或外露轴的表面。 4联轴器的端面或外圆周面。 4.4.6 当现场组装的活塞式压缩机曲轴箱和中体,离心式压缩机和汽轮机的气缸与轴承座的对中找正时,可采用下列方法之一进行: 1 激光找正仪找正法。 2测微准直仪找正法。 3活塞杆径向跳动值测量找正法。 4拉钢丝线电声找正法。 4.4.7对胶带或链条传动的机器,每对胶带轮或链轮的对中找正(见图4.4.7)应符合下列规定: 1 两轮的工作面中心位置应在同一平面上。两轮的相对轴向位移量的允许偏差,平胶带带轮应为±1.5mm,三角形胶带带轮和链轮应为±1mm。 2两轴平行度的允许偏差tanθ应为0.5/1 000。 3两轮轴向位移和两轴平行度的检测,宜以轮缘的相对边缘为基准。 b——轴向位移;θ——轴向偏角 图4.4.7带轮或链轮位置偏差 4.4.8联轴器传动机器的对中找正可采用激光找正仪对中找正法或百分表对中找正法进行。对中找正的操作方法和步骤应符合本标准附录D的规定。 4.5灌 浆 4.5.1 地脚螺栓预留孔的一次灌浆应在机器的初步找平、找正合格后进行。灌浆时应符合下列规定: 1 灌浆前,应将预留孔内的杂物、污垢、积水清除干净、并浸湿。 2捣实地脚螺栓预留孔的混凝土时,地脚螺栓不得产生歪斜或机器不得产生位移。 3 当灌浆混凝土的强度达到75%以上时,方可进行机器的最终找平、找正及地脚螺栓的紧固。 4.5.2二次灌浆应在机器的最终找平、找正及隐蔽工程检查合格24h内进行,并应符合下列规定: 1 基础表面的污垢、杂物应清除干净,并应浸湿。 2 与二次灌浆层相接触的机器底座表面应清洁,且无油垢和防腐蚀涂料。 3 隐蔽工程应经检验合格,并签证记录。 4二次灌浆前,应设置外模板(见图4.5.2),外模板内侧到机器底座外侧距离应大于60mm,外模板应高出垫铁上表面10mm。 1——地坪或基础;2——底座底面;3——螺母;4——垫圈;5——罐浆层斜面;6——灌浆层; 7——成对斜垫铁;8——外模板;9——平垫铁;10——麻面;11——地脚螺栓 图4.5.2地脚螺栓垫铁和灌浆部分示意图 4.5.3带锚板地脚螺栓孔的灌浆(见图4.5.3)应符合下列规定: 1 预留孔距基础底部100mm内灌砂浆层,中间部分应充填干砂,距基础上表面100mm内灌砂浆层。 2二次灌浆前内、外模板的设置应符合本标准4.5.2中第4款的规定。 1——地脚螺栓;2——螺母、垫圈;3——底座;4——垫铁组;5——砂浆层; 6——预留孔;7——基础;8——干砂层;9——锚板;10——二次灌浆层 图4.5.3带锚板地脚螺栓孔灌浆 4.5.4 一次灌浆和二次灌浆的混凝土宜采用细碎石配制的混凝土,其标号应比基础混凝土高一级;对于大功率的大型机器应采用微胀混凝土、无收缩混凝土或高强度无收缩灌浆料进行灌浆。当设计对配合比无规定时,其配合比、性能和养护应符合现行国家标准《混凝土外加剂应用技术规范》GB 50119和《普通混凝土配合比设计规程》JGJ 55的有关规定。 4.5.5 机器的灌浆应连续进行,并应符合现行国家标准《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》GB 50204的有关规定。 4.5.6 当混凝土要求早强时,可在混凝土内掺入早强剂,早强剂的种类和掺量应符合《混凝土外加剂应用技术规范》GB 50119的规定和早强剂供方要求。 4.5.7 当环境温度低于5℃时,在一次灌浆及二次灌浆层养护期间应采取保温防冻措施。 5清洗与装配 5.1 一般规定 5.1.1 整体供货的机器,当安装后需解体检查和清洗时,应测量拆卸件与有关零件、部件相对位置的配合间隙。并做出标识和记录,不得在运动部位的加工表面打印标记。 5.1.2现场进行组装的机器,其零件、部件应经清洗、检查合格后,按图纸及技术文件的要求进行组装。 5.1.3机器的清洗、拆卸和装配应具备下列条件: 1 施工现场环境应清洁,并采取防风沙、防雨水措施。 2施工现场应有防火、防毒、防爆安全措施。 3 油污、杂物和废清洗剂不得随地排放。 4机器的零件、部件应按拆卸或装配的程序进行摆放,并妥善保护。 5.1.4机器的拆卸、清洗、检查和组装应符合下列规定: 1 当进行拆卸、检查和组装时,应按随机技术文件或现行行业标准《化学工业工程建设交工技术文件规定》HG/T 20237的有关规定填写拆检和组装间隙测量记录。 2零部件、附件用的清洗配方可按本标准附录E选用。 3采用低压蒸汽吹洗后的零部件、附件应及时清除水分,并采取防锈蚀措施。精密零件和滚动轴承不得采用蒸汽直接吹洗。 4 当零部件、附件的加工表面有锈蚀时,应进行表面处理。其表面处理方法及质量应符合本标准附录F的规定。 5各零件、部件组装前应先进行清洗、检查合格后,再进行装配,装配质量应符合随机技术文件的要求。机器封闭前,内部不得有任何异物。 6对组装后不易拆卸、检查和修理的油箱或水箱,装配前应做渗漏试验。 5.1.5在禁油条件下工作的管道、零部件和附件应进行脱脂,其脱脂方法和质量要求按本标准附录E和现行行业标准《脱脂工程施工及验收规范》HG 20202的有关规定进行。 5.1.6机器上较精密的螺纹连接件或温度高于200℃工况下的连接件装配时,应在其配合表而涂抹防咬合剂,当随机技术文件对防咬合剂无规定时,可按本标准附录G选用。 5.2螺栓、键、定位销装配 5.2.1 螺栓的装配应符合下列规定: 1 紧固螺栓时宜采用随机专用扳手、呆扳手、套筒扳手或梅花扳手。 2有预紧力要求的连接螺栓可选用力矩扳手、液压扳手的液压拉伸法和加热法进行紧固。采用加热法紧固螺栓时,其加热温度应符合随机技术文件的要求。 3螺栓头、螺母、垫圈与被连接件的接触应紧密;接触面的预留热胀间隙应符合随机技术文件的要求。 4螺栓拧紧后,应露出螺母1.5~3.0个螺距;沉头螺钉拧紧后,应埋入机件内,不得外露。 5有锁紧要求的螺栓,应按规定锁紧;采用双螺母锁紧的,薄螺母应装在厚螺母之外,每个螺母下面应采用一个垫圈。 5.2.2 对有预紧力要求的螺栓紧固时,预紧力的测定可采用下列方法: 1 采用专用力矩扳手、电动或气动扳手直接测得数值。 2螺栓紧固后的拉伸长度(见图5.2.2-1),应按式(5.2.2-1)计算: (5.2.2-1) 式中: Lm——螺栓紧固后拉伸长度(mm); L0——螺栓与被连接间隙为零时的原始长度(mm); Fm——预紧力,为随机技术文件要求值或按本标准附录H进行计算(N); C1——螺栓刚度,可按本标准附录H进行计算(N/mm)。 3 大直径螺栓可采用液压拉伸法或加热法进行紧固,其拉伸长度(见图5.2.2-1),应按式(5.2.2-2)计算: (5.2.2-2) 式中: Cf——连接件刚度,可按本标准附录H进行计算(N/mm)。 图5.2.2-1 大直径螺栓紧固后的拉伸长度示意图 4螺母多拧进角度(见图5.2.2-2)应符合预紧力要求,其多拧进的角度值应按式(5.2.2-3)计算: (5.2.2-3) 式中: θ——多拧进的角度值(°); T——螺距(mm)。 刻痕 图5.2.2-2螺母多拧进角度 5.2.3精制螺栓和高强螺栓的装配应符合下列规定: 1 螺栓、螺母、螺孔和被连接件的接合面的尺寸和加工精度应符合随机技术文件的要求。 2装配时,应涂抹润滑油脂或防咬合剂。 3螺栓、螺母和垫圈应按标识对号装配。 4 紧固时,应分两次以上进行拧紧,最终紧固力矩值应符合随机技术文件的要求值或本标准附录H力矩公式的计算值。 5在高温工况进行螺栓的冷紧和热紧时,应分2次进行。 5.2.4各种类型的键装配时的允许偏差和加工精度应符合下列规定: 1 键的表面应无锈蚀、凹痕、条痕、裂纹或毛刺;键和键槽的表面粗糙度、平面度和尺寸应符合随机技术文件的要求。 2普通平键、导向键、薄型平键、半圆键的两侧面与键槽应接触紧密、并应无间隙,与轮毂键槽顶面的间隙应符合随机技术文件的要求。 3普通楔键、钩头楔键的上、下面应与轴、轮毂键槽的上、下面接触紧密,无间隙。 4切向键的两斜面、键的侧面与轴和轮毂键槽的工作面均应接触紧密,无间隙。 5离心式压缩机、汽轮机的滑动限位键应按随机技术文件要求进行装配。 6各种类型键装配时,轴键槽和轮毂键槽轴心线的对称度应符合现行国家标准《形状和位置公差 未注公差值》GB/T 1184的有关规定。 5.2.5销的装配应符合下列规定: 1 销的型号、规格、几何尺寸和加工精度应符合随机技术文件的要求。 2 销与销孔装配前,应涂抹润滑油脂或防咬合剂。 3联结机构及几何精度应经调整符合要求后,方可装销。 4装配销时不宜承受载荷,应根据销的性质选择相应的方法装入,销孔的相对位置应正确。 5 当随机技术文件对定位精度要求高的销和销孔的接触面积无要求时,其接触面积宜为50%~75%。 6 对不符合要求的销和销孔应重新进行铰孔或另配新销。 5.3联轴器装配 5.3.1 当随机技术文件对联轴器两轴的对中允许偏差和端面间隙无要求时,应符合下列规定: 1 凸缘联轴器(见图5.3.1-1)的两半联轴器端面应接触紧密,其两轴的对中允许偏差,径向位移应小于0.03mm,轴向倾斜应小于0.1/1 000;联轴器对中找正后,应对螺栓孔进行铰孔,并应采用0.25kg手锤将销柱型螺栓轻轻敲入。 |
联系我们
|
微信联系客服
![]() |
关于我们 | 联系我们 | 收费付款 |
服务热线:400-001-5431 | 电话:010-8572 5110 | 传真:010-8581 9515 | Email: bz@bzfyw.com | |
版权所有: 北京悦尔信息技术有限公司 2008-2020 京ICP备17065875号-1 51La |
本页关键词: |
HG/T 20203-2017, HG 20203-2017, HGT 20203-2017, HG/T20203-2017, HG/T 20203, HG/T20203, HG20203-2017, HG 20203, HG20203, HGT20203-2017, HGT 20203, HGT20203 |