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GB/T 9966 consists of the following 18 parts under the general title Test methods for natural stone:
——Part 1: Dry, wet and after freezing test methods for compressive strength;
——Part 2: Determination of dry, wet and after freezing flexural strength;
——Part 3: Determination of water absorption, bulk density, true density and true porosity;
——Part 4: Determination of abrasion resistance;
——Part 5: Determination of hardness;
——Part 6: Determination of acid resistance;
——Part 7: Determination of strength for individual stone anchorages;
——Part 8: Test method for structural performance of dimension stone cladding systems by uniform static pressure difference;
——Part 9: Determination of the dynamic modulus of elasticity by measuring the fundamental resonance frequency;
——Part 10: Determination of resistance to shaking for individual stone anchoragest;
——Part 11: Determination of resistance to ageing by cold and thermal shock;
——Part 12: Determination of static elastic modulus;
——Part 13: Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarity;
——Part 14: Determination of rupture energy;
——Part 15: Determination of resistance ageing by salt mist;
——Part 16: Determination of linear thermal expansion coefficient;
——Part 17: Determination of resistance to salt crystallization;
——Part 18: Petrographic examination.
This is Part 3 of GB/T 9966.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 9966.3-2001 Test methods for natural stone—Part 3: Determination of water absorption, bulk density, true density and true porosity. In addition to editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 9966.3-2001:
——the “Normative references” is added (see Clause 2);
——the terms and definitions for true density and true porosity are added (see Clause 3);
——The oven temperature range is modified (see 4.1; 2.1 of Edition 2001);
——The specification contents of special specimens are added (see 5.1.1);
——The test methods for drying temperature, time and constant weight of specimens are modified (see 6.1.1, 6.2.1; 4.1.1 and 4.2.1 of Edition 2001);
——The test accuracy is modified (see 6.1, 6.2; 4.1 and 4.2 of Edition 2001);
——The operation process of water saturation test is modified (see 6.1.2; 4.1.2 of Edition 2001);
——The operation process of underwater quality measurement is modified, and the measurement contents, illustrations and notes of electronic balance are added (see 6.1.3; 4.1.3 of Edition 2001);
——Some contents of test report are added (see Clause 8; Clause 6 of Edition 2001).
This part was proposed by China Building Materials Federation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 460 the National Technical Committee on Stone of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous editions of this part are as follows:
——GB/T 9966.3-1988 and GB/T 9966.3-2001.
Test methods for natural stone—
Part 3: Determination of water absorption, bulk density, true density and true porosity
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 9966 specifies the terms and definitions, apparatuses, specimens, test procedures, test results and test reports of the natural stone water absorption, bulk density, true density and true porosity test.
This part is applicable to the determination of water absorption, bulk density, true density and true porosity of natural stone.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 13890 Terms for natural stone
GB/T 17670 Unified catalogue for natural stone
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 13890 and the following apply.
3.1
true density
value reflecting the true density of rock not considering the influence of open pores and closed pores contained in stone
3.2
true porosity
volume percentage of closed pores contained in stone
4 Apparatuses
4.1 Air drying oven: the temperature may be controlled at 65°C± 5°C.
4.2 Balance: with the accuracy of 10mg for the maximum weighing of 1,000g;with the accuracy of 1mg for the maximum weighing of 2,000g.
4.3 Water tank: the bottom surface is flat, with glass rods as specimen support.
4.4 Metal basket: it can meet the requirements of specimens of various specifications and has sufficient rigidity.
4.5 Pycnometer: the volume is 25mL-30mL.
4.6 Standard sieve: 63μm.
4.7 Dryer.
5 Specimens
5.1 Water absorption and bulk density
5.1.1 The specimen is a cube with a side length of 50mm or a cylinder with a diameter and height of 50mm, and the size deviation is ±0.5mm, with five pieces in each group. Other specimens with regular shapes may be selected if any special requirements. The geometric volume of the specimen shall not be less than 60cm3, and the ratio of surface area to volume shall be in the range of 0.08mm-1 - 0.20mm-1.
5.1.2 The specimens shall be taken from representative parts, without cracks and other defects.
5.1.3 The surface of the specimen shall be smooth, and the rough surface shall be polished.
5.2 True density and true porosity
Take about 1,000g of clean sample and crush it into particles less than 5mm; divide by quartering, take a powder sample that has been ground to pass the 63μm of standard sieve, and take 150g as the specimen.
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Apparatuses 5 Specimens 6 Test procedures 7 Test results 8 Test report Bibliography
天然石材试验方法 第3部分:吸水率、体积密度、 真密度、真气孔率试验 Test methods for natural stone— Part 3:Determination of water absorption,bulk density,true density and true porosity
说明: 1——天平支架; 2——水杯; 3——电子天平; 4——天平挂钩; 5——悬挂线; 6——水平面; 7——栅栏; 8——试样; 9——网篮底; 10——水杯支架; 11——平台。 图2 电子天平称量示意图 6.2 真密度、真气孔率 6.2.1 将150g粉状试样装入称量瓶中,放入65℃±5℃的鼓风干燥箱内干燥48h至恒重,即在干燥46h、47h、48h时分别称量试样的质量,质量保持恒定时表明达到恒重,否则继续干燥,直至出现3次恒定的质量。取出放入干燥器中冷却至室温。 6.2.2 称取干燥粉状试样三份(m′0),每份约10g,精确至0.001g。每份粉状试样分别装入洁净的比重瓶中。 6.2.3 向比重瓶内注入蒸馏水或去离子水,其体积不超过比重瓶容积的一半。将比重瓶放入水浴中煮沸10min~15min或将比重瓶放入真空干燥器内30min。 6.2.4 擦干比重瓶并使其冷却至室温后,向其中再次注入蒸馏水或去离子水至比重瓶口下2mm~3mm,在液面做标记。称其质量(m′1),精确至0.001g。 6.2.5 清空比重瓶并将其冲洗干净,重新用蒸馏水或去离子水装满至标记处并称其质量(m′2),精确至0.001g。 7 试验结果 7.1 吸水率 吸水率按式(1)计算: (1) 式中: wa——吸水率,以%表示; m1——水饱和试样在空气中的质量,单位为克(g); m0——干燥试样在空气中的质量,单位为克(g)。 7.2 体积密度 体积密度按式(2)计算: (2) 式中: ρb——体积密度,单位为克每立方厘米(g/cm3); m2——水饱和试样在水中的质量,单位为克(g); ρw——室温下去离子水或蒸馏水的密度,单位为克每立方厘米(g/cm3)。 7.3 真密度 真密度按式(3)计算: (3) 式中: ρt——真密度,单位为克每立方厘米(g/cm3); m′0——干燥粉状试样在空气中的质量,单位为克(g); m′2——盛有相同体积的蒸馏水或去离子水的比重瓶在空气中的质量,单位为克(g); m′1——盛有粉状试样和蒸馏水或去离子水的比重瓶在空气中的质量,单位为克(g)。 7.4 真气孔率 真气孔率按式(4)计算: (4) 式中: p——真气孔率,以%表示。 7.5 结果 计算每组试样吸水率、体积密度、真密度、真气孔率的算术平均值作为试验结果。体积密度、真密度取三位有效数字;真气孔率、吸水率取两位有效数字。 8 试验报告 试验报告应至少包含以下信息: a) 按GB/T 17670规定的石材的商业名称; b) 试样数量、规格尺寸,表面处理状况(根据测试需要); c) 测定实验室的名称、地址,如果试验进行的地点不是测试实验室则应注明试验进行的地点; d) 试样处理过程; e) 试验遵循的标准编号(GB/T 9966.3-2020); f) 每个试样的吸水率、体积密度、真密度和真气孔率; g) 每组试样吸水率、体积密度、真密度和真气孔率的平均值; h) 标准差,修约到两位有效数字。 参考文献 [1] ASTM C 97/C 97M-15 Standard test methods for absorption and bulk specific gravity of dimension stone [2] EN 1936:2006 Natural stone test methods-Determination of real density and apparent density, and of total and open porosity [3] EN 13755:2008 Natural stone test methods—Determination of water absorption at atmospheric pressure