Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances—Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these
GB/T 4214 consists of the following 9 parts, under the general title Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances:
——General requirements (GB/T 4214.1);
——Particular requirements for vacuum cleaners (GB/T 4214.2);
——Particular requirements for dishwashers (GB/T 4214.3);
——Particular requirements for washing machines and spin extractors (GB/T 4214.4);
——Particular requirements for electric shavers (GB/T 4214.5);
——Particular requirements for electric hair care appliances (GB/T 4214.6);
——Particular requirements for washing machines and spin extractors(GB/T 4214.7);
——Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these(GB/T 4214.8);
——Particular requirements for fans (GB/T 4214.9).
This part is Part 8 of GB/T 4214.
This part shall be used in combination with GB/T 4214.1-2017. The clauses state "applicable", that means corresponding clauses of GB GB/T 4214.1-2017 are applicable to this part; when the clauses state "replacement" give priority to the clauses in this part; when the clauses state "addition", that means not only the corresponding clauses in GB/T 4214.1-2017, but also added clauses of this part shall be complied.
This part is prepared in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
The translation method used in this part is equivalent to IEC 60704-2-10:2011 Household and similar electrical appliances - Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise - Part 2-10: Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these.
The following editorial changes have been made in this part:
——In order to unify the name of this series of standards, the name of this part is revised to Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances - Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This part was proposed by the China National Light Industry Council.
This part is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 46 National Technical Committee on Household Electric Appliances of Standardization Administration of China.
Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances - Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these
1 Scope and object
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable except as follows.
1.1 Scope
1.1.1 General
Addition:
This part of GB/T 4214 requirements apply to electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these for household and similar use.
Note 101: These particular requirements do not apply to hobs due to lack of standardised load (pans) representative of normal use and ensuring a good repeatability of tests. For these applications, the loading and operating conditions are under consideration.
This part does not apply to appliances or parts of appliances that use gas energy.
1.1.2 Types of noise
Replacement:
The methods specified in GB/T 6881.2, GB/T 6881.3 and GB/T 3767 can be used for measuring noise emitted by electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills, microwave ovens and any combination of these.
1.1.3 Size of the source
Replacement:
The method specified in GB/T 3767 is applicable to noise sources of any size. When applying GB/T 6881.2 and GB/T 6881.3, care should be taken that the maximum size of the appliance under test fulfills the requirements specified in 1.3 of GB/T 6881.2 and GB/T 6881.3.
1.2 Object
Addition:
The methods described are specified for appliances without an operator present.
Requirements for the declaration of noise emission values are not within the scope of this part.
Note 101: For determining and verifying noise emission values declared in product specifications, see IEC 60704-3.
1.3 Measurement uncertainty
Replacement:
The estimated values of standard deviations of sound power levels, determined according to this standard, see Table 101:
Table 101 Standard deviations of sound power levels
Standard deviation/dB
σr(repeatability) σR(repeatability)
0.4 1.0
1.101 Standard deviation for declaration and verification
For the purpose of determining and verifying declared noise emission values according to IEC 60704-3,the values indicated in Table 102 apply:
Table 102 - Standard deviations for declaration and verification
Standard deviation/dB
σP (production) σT (total) σM (reference)
1.0~1.7 1.4~2.0 2.0
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
ISO 7235 Acoustics - Laboratory measurement procedures for ducted silencers and air-terminal units - Insertion loss, flow noise and total pressure loss
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
3.101
cooking range
appliance having a hob and at least one oven; it may incorporate a grill
[IEC 60350:19991), definition 3.1]
3.102
hob
appliance or part of an appliance which incorporates one or more cooking zones
[IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.2]
Note 101: A hob is also known as a cook top.
3.103
oven
appliance or compartment of a cooking range in which food is cooked by radiation, by natural convection, by forced-air circulation, by steam or by a combination of these heating methods
[IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.10]
3.104
grill
appliance or part of an appliance in which food is cooked by radiant heat
[IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.9]
3.105
steam function
function by which food is heated with steam up to boiling temperature of water at ambient pressure
3.106
hot steam function
function by which food is heated with hot steam (T>100 °C) at ambient pressure
[Amendment 1:2005 of IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.18 modified]
3.107
forced air circulation function
heat transmission to the food by forced air convection, i.e. circulating the air with the help of a fan
[Amendment 1:2005 of IEC 60350:1999, definition 3.17]
Note 101: This does not include circulated functions that operate a grill element only.
3.108
microwave oven
appliance using electromagnetic energy in the ISM frequency band of 2450 MHz for heating food and beverages in the cavity
[IEC 60705:2010, definition 3.1]
Note 101: The microwave oven may incorporate a browning element.
Note 102: ISM frequency bands are the electromagnetic frequencies established by the ITU and reproduced in CISPR 11.
3.109
other heating function
heating by energy other than microwave
3.110
cooling fan
fan integrated in an appliance for the purpose of avoiding excessive temperatures
3.111
standard test load
for functions using microwave energy, a cylindrical container of borosilicate glass with a maximum wall thickness of 3 mm, an outside diameter of approximately 190 mm and a height of approximately 90 mm, filled with 1000 g±50 g of water at 20 °C±5 °C
Note 101: A glass rod or similar is placed in the glass container to prevent accidents due to the boiling delay factor.
Note 102: To avoid noise from boiling water the load has to be changed before the measurements.
Note 103: Other heating functions are operated and measured without load.
4 Measurement methods and acoustical environments
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable except as follows.
4.2 Direct method
Addition:
Note 101: If pure tone components are present in the noise emitted by the source, the estimated standard deviation of the measured sound pressure levels in the special reverberation room may increase. In such cases additional microphone positions or source positions may be necessary, as specified in GB/T 6881.3.
4.3 Comparison method
Addition:
Note 101: If pure tone components are present in the noise emitted by the source,the estimated standard deviation of the measured sound pressure levels in the hard-walled test room or in the special reverberation room may increase. In such cases additional microphone positions or source positions may be necessary as specified in GB/T 6881.2 and GB/T 6881.3.
5 Instrumentation
This clause of GB/T 4214.1-2017 is applicable.
Foreword I
1 Scope and object
2 Normative References
3 Terms and definitions
4 Measurement methods and acoustical environments
5 Instrumentation
6 Operation and location of appliances under test
7 Measurement of sound pressure levels
8 Calculation of sound pressure and sound power levels
9 Information to be recorded
10 Information to be reported
Annexes
Annex A (Normative) Standard test table
Bibliography
ICS 97.040.20
Z 32
GB
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T 4214.8—2021/IEC 60704-2-10:2011
家用和类似用途电器噪声测试方法
电灶、烤箱、烤架、微波炉及其
组合器具的特殊要求
Test method for noise of household and similar electrical appliances—
Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills,
microwave ovens and any combination of these
(IEC 60704-2-10:2011, Household and similar electrical appliances
Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise—Part 2-10:
Particular requirements for electric cooking ranges, ovens, grills,
microwave ovens and any combination of these, IDT)
2021-03-09发布 2021-03-09实施
国家市场监督管理总局
国家标准化管理委员会 发布
前言
GB/T 4214《家用和类似用途电器噪声测试方法》分为9部分:
——通用要求(GB/T 4214.1);
——真空吸尘器的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.2);
——洗碗机的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.3);
——洗衣机和离心式脱水机的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.4);
——电动剃须刀的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.5);
——毛发护理器具的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.6);
——滚筒式干衣机的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.7);
——电灶、烤箱、烤架、微波炉及其组合器具的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.8);
——风扇的特殊要求(GB/T 4214.9)。
本部分为GB/T 4214的第8部分。
本部分与GB/T 4214.1—2017配合使用。本部分中写明“适用”的部分,表示GB/T 4214.1—2017中的相应条文适用于本部分;本部分写明“代替”的部分,则以本部分中的条文为准;本部分写明“增加”的部分,表示除要符合GB/T 4214.1—2017中的相应条文外,还需符合本部分条文中所增加的条文。
本部分按照GB/T 1.1—2009给出的规则起草。
本部分使用翻译法等同采用IEC 60704-2-10:2011《家用和类似用途电器 噪声测试方法 第2-10部分:电灶、烤箱、烤架、微波炉及其组合器具的特殊要求》。
本部分做了下列编辑性修改:
——为与现有标准系列一致,将本部分名称修改为《家用和类似用途电器噪声测试方法 电灶、烤箱、烤架、微波炉及其组合器具的特殊要求》。
请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别这些专利的责任。
本部分由中国轻工业联合会提出。
本部分由全国家用电器标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 46)归口。
家用和类似用途电器噪声测试方法
电灶、烤箱、烤架、微波炉及其
组合器具的特殊要求
1 范围和测定量
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章除下述内容外,均适用。
1.1 范围
1.1.1 概述
增加:
GB/T 4214的本部分适用于家用和类似用途的电灶、烤箱、烤架、微波炉及由这些器具组合而成的组合型器具。
注101:本部分不适用于灶台,因为没有能代表正常使用并确保测试可重复性好的标准负载(平底锅)。对于这些器具,加载和操作条件正在考虑中。
本部分不适用于使用燃气的器具或器具中使用燃气的部分。
1.1.2 噪声类型
代替:
GB/T 6881.2,GB/T 6881.3和GB/T 3767中所列方法可用于电灶、烤箱、烤架、微波炉及其组合器具发射的噪声的测量。
1.1.3 声源的尺寸
代替:
GB/T 3767中所列方法适用于任意尺寸的声源。当使用GB/T 6881.2和GB/T 6881.3时,应注意被测器具的最大尺寸满足GB/T 6881.2和GB/T 6881.3中1.3规定的要求。
1.2 测定量
增加:
本部分所述的方法是指操作员不在场的情况。
噪声明示值的要求不在本部分范围内。
注101:确定和验证产品规格中明示的噪声值,见IEC 60704-3。
1.3 测量不确定度
代替:
根据本部分确定的声功率级的标准偏差估计值,见表101。
表101 声功率级的标准偏差
标准偏差/dB
σr(重复性) σR(再现性)
0.4 1.0
1.101 明示值和验证值的标准偏差
根据IEC 60704-3,为了确定和验证噪声的明示值,表102中的值适用:
表102 明示值和验证值的标准偏差
标准偏差/dB
σP(生产) σT(总) σM(参考)
1.0~1.7 1.4~2.0 2.0
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章除下述内容外,均适用。
增加:
ISO 7235 声学 管道消声器和风道末端单元的实验室测量程序 插入损失、气流噪声和全压损失(Acoustics—Laboratory measurement procedures for ducted silencers and air-terminal units—Insertion loss, flow noise and total pressure loss)
3 术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章除下述内容外,均适用。
增加:
3.101
电灶 cooking range
带有炉台和至少一个烤箱的器具(可能带有烤架)。
[IEC 60350:19991),定义3.1]
____________________
1) IEC 60350:1999已被IEC 60350-1:2016和IEC 60350-2:2017代替。
3.102
灶台 hob
由一个或多个烹饪区域组成的器具或器具的一部分。
[IEC 60350:1999,定义3.2]
注101:灶台也被称为灶面。
3.103
烤箱 oven
可在其内部通过热辐射、自然对流、强制空气循环、蒸汽或这些加热方式组合烹饪食物的器具或电灶的隔间。
[IEC 60350:1999,定义3.10]
3.104
烤架 grill
可在其中通过热辐射烹饪食物的器具或器具的一部分。
[IEC 60350:1999,定义3.9]
3.105
蒸汽功能 steam function
在常压下,通过将水加热至沸点温度形成蒸汽加热食物的功能。
3.106
热蒸汽功能 hot steam function
在常压下,通过过热蒸汽(T>100℃)加热食物的功能。
[IEC 60350:1999,第一增补件(2005),定义3.18(修改)]
3.107
强制空气循环功能 forced air circulation function
通过强制空气流动(例如借助风扇使空气循环)的方式将热量传递到食物的功能。
[IEC 60350:1999,第一增补件(2005),定义3.17]
注101:不包括仅烧烤元件工作的空气循环功能。
3.108
微波炉 microwave oven
利用频率为2 450 MHz的ISM频段的电磁能量来加热腔体内食物和饮料的器具。
[IEC 60705:2010,定义3.1]
注101:微波炉可能包含着色元件。
注102:ISM频段范围是由ITU确定并在CISPR 11中采用的电磁频率。
3.109
其他加热功能 other heating function
用其他能量而非微波加热的功能。
3.110
冷却风扇 cooling fan
集成安装在器具内部,用于避免过高温度的风扇。
3.111
标准测试负载 standard test load
对于使用微波功能的器具,标准测试负载是采用硼硅酸盐玻璃制成的圆柱形容器,其最大壁厚为3 mm,外径约为190 mm,高约为90 mm,装有1 000 g±50 g的20℃±5℃的水。
注101:为避免沸腾延迟而导致意外,将一个玻璃棒或类似物品置于玻璃容器中。
注102:为避免水沸腾时发出的噪声,需要在每次测量前更换标准测试负载。
注103:其他加热功能在空载下运行和测量。
4 测量方法与声学环境
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章除下述内容外,均适用。
4.2 直接法
增加:
注101:如果声源发出的噪声中存在纯音成分,在专用混响室中测得的声压级标准偏差的估计值可能会增大。该情况下,根据GB/T 6881.3的规定,可能有必要增加额外的传声器的位置或声源的位置。
4.3 比较法
增加:
注101:如果声源发出的噪声中存在纯音成分,在刚性壁面测试室或专用混响室测得的声压级标准偏差的估计值可能会增大。该情况下,根据GB/T 6881.2和GB/T 6881.3的规定,可能有必要增加额外的传声器的位置或声源的位置。
5 测量仪器
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章均适用。
6 被测器具的运行与定位
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章除下述内容外,均适用。
6.1 器具的装配与预处理
6.1.1 代替:
器具应装配能够保证电机运转所必需驱动单元和附件。其他附件,如烤盘、炉腔分隔器、面包烤盘、烧烤网格等,应被移除。
根据制造商的说明,如果带有集成式抽气装置的器具需要连接一个排气装置,则连接到图101所示的标准排气装置。标准排气装置由消声器和管道连接而成。管道应由金属制成且内壁光滑,内径应与制造商规定的出风口连接装置的最大内径一致。如果制造商没有规定,应选用内径最合适的标准管道。消声器的插入损失应符合图101表中的要求。消声器的横截面应具有与管道相同的内径,消声器的长度应满足图101的要求,其内部不应存在可能产生额外压降的凸出部分。管道和消声器还应符合图101所有要求,同时应注意二者不会辐射噪声。管道和消声器可以水平、垂直或者倾斜安装。如果出风口位于器具的后侧,应用另外一个与标准排气系统同类型的90°弯管将器具连接到标准排气系统。
6.1.2 代替:
噪声测试前,按照6.1.1装配的器具应在最高速度、最大输出功率下运行至少10 min。按照3.111选择负载。
6.1.3 代替:
根据6.4.2规定,稳定停机状态应包含在运行中。
6.2 电、水或燃气的供应
6.2.3和6.2.4不适用。
6.4 测试期间器具的加载与运行
6.4.2 代替:
除非本部分另有规定,每个功能都应选择产生最大噪声的设置。所有功能中选择噪声最大值作为测试结果。忽略所有清洁模式。
对于带有多个腔体的烤箱,所有腔体要同时运行。
注101:一般来讲,在空气循环、转盘转速、旋转烤架转速、风扇转速以及微波功率等为最高时产生的噪声最大。如果有制造商提供的使用说明,宜按照其进行操作。
对于微波功能,及其所有可能的组合功能,应按照3.111加载。测量应在器具启动2 min后开始,在水沸腾前结束。
对于其他加热功能,温度条件如下:
——蒸汽功能设置为水的沸点温度;
——具有强制空气循环加热功能和过热蒸汽加热功能的烤箱设置为175℃;
——其他加热功能设置为200℃;
——烧烤功能设置为最大设定值。
达到设定温度后开始测试。烤架应在器具运行15 min后开始测试。
注102:如果没有指示,可以通过功率表来控制温度。
6.4.3 不适用。
6.5 器具的定位和安装
6.5.2 不适用。
6.5.3 修改:
D=25 cm±0.5 cm
7 声压级的测量
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章除下述内容外,均适用。
7.1 反射面上方的近似自由场中的传声器的布置、测量表面以及标准声源(RSS)的位置
7.1.4 代替:
对于台式器具,7.1.2适用。
7.1.5 和7.1.6不适用。
7.4 测量
7.4.1 增加:
对于平稳噪声,测试的平均时间应至少为30 s。对于非平稳噪声,平均时间应至少包括3个时段,每一时段都应具有非平稳噪声的代表性。
8 声压级和声功率级的计算
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章均适用。
9 记录内容
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章除下述内容外,均适用。
9.6.3 不适用。
9.7.4 不适用。
9.9.3 代替:
产生最大噪声值的功能。
10 报告内容
GB/T 4214.1—2017中的该章除下述内容外,均适用。
10.3.5 不适用。
消音器的内径应与管道的内径相同,且至少应具有下表所述的插入损失。
连接处不应干扰气流,以避免任何额外的噪声和压降
内壁光滑的管子l1+l2+l3=3 000 mm
弯管用于器具排气口的背部
直径d的测量见6.1.1
倍频带a最小插入损失/dB
125 Hz 250 Hz 500 Hz 1 000 Hz 2 000 Hz 4 000 Hz 8 000 Hz
8 20 20 20 20 20 20
a 插入损失按照ISO 7235测量。
图101 抽气装置的标准测试负载
附录
GB/T 4214.1—2017的附录除下述内容外,均适用。
附录 A
(规范性附录)
标准测试台
GB/T 4214.1—2017的本附录不适用。
参考文献
GB/T 4214.1—2017的参考文献除下述内容外,均适用。
增加:
[1] IEC 60350:1999 Electric cooking ranges, hobs, ovens and grills for household use—Methods for measuring performance
第一增补件(2005)
第二增补件(2008)
[2] IEC 60705:2010 Household microwave ovens—Methods for measuring performance
[3] CISPR 11:2009 Industrial, scientific and medical equipment—Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics—Limits and methods of measurement