标准编号:	GB/T 20238-2018
中文名称:	木质地板铺装、验收和使用规范
英文名称:	Installation,inspection and usage guidelines for wooden flooring
中标分类:	B70    人造板
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	79.080 79.080    半成品材 79.080
发布机构:	国家市场监督管理总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2018-05-14
实施日期:	2018-12-1
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB/T 20238-2006 木质地板铺装、验收和使用规范
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	25000 字
翻译价格(元):	1750.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB/T 20238-2006 Installation, inspection and usage guidelines for wooden flooring. In addition to editorial changes, the following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 20238-2006: ——Applicable products including reconstitued wood flooring, antique style flooring and solid wood flooring for ground with heating system are added (see 5.1, 6.1, 7.1 and 8.1; Clause 1 of Edition 2006); ——The terms interior wood framing installation, reconstitued wood, reconstitued wood flooring, leveling course, moisture proofing course, heat distribution plates, insulating course, washboard for flooring, sandwich profire, floor radiant heating system, floating screed floor radiant heating or cooling and pre-grooved insulation board floor radiant heating and their definitions are added (see Clause 3); ——The terms interface agent and cementitious self-leveling floor mortar and their definitions are deleted (see 3.13 and 3.14 of Edition 2006); ——Definitions of wood flooring for ground with heating system and interior wood framing are modified (see 3.6 and 3.13; 3.15 and 3.1 of Edition 2006); ——Classification is added (see Clause 4); ——The standard structure is modified, i.e. the clauses/subclauses are arranged from based on flooring categories to on installation, inspection and usage guidelines (see Clause 5 to Clause 7, Clause 9 and Clause 10; Clause 4 to Clause 6 of Edition 2006); ——The general requirements and other requirements of installation guideline are modified (see 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 7.2.2, 8.2.1 and 8.2.2; 4.1.1, 5.1.1, 6.1.1 and 7.1.1 of Edition 2006); ——The contents about preparation before installation are modified (see 5.2.5.1.1; 4.1.4.1 of Edition 2006); ——The contents about installation of interior wood framing are modified (see 5.2.5.2; 4.1.4.2 of Edition 2006); ——The contents of the structural diagram for installation of solid wood flooring, i.e. a moisture resistant foil can be installed on the ground, are modified (see Figure 1; Figure 1 of Edition 2006); ——Requirements for the loss resulted from the installation of cork flooring are modified (see 7.2.4; 6.1.3 of Edition 2006); ——Requirements for the reserved joints in the installation of wooden floor used in radiant floor heating, i.e. the solid wood flooring for ground with heating system shall be 10mm~25mm from the wall, are modified (see 8.2.6.1.4; 7.1.5.1.4 of Edition 2006); ——Requirements for heating system are modified (see 8.2.3; 7.1.2 of Edition 2006); ——Requirements for control of indoor temperature in the usage guideline are modified (see 9.1.3; 4.3.3 of Edition 2006); ——The usage guideline of wooden floor used in radiant floor heating is modified (see 9.2.1; 7.3.1 of Edition 2006). This standard was proposed by the State Forestry Administration of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Wood-based Panels of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 198). The previous edition of the standard replaced by this standard is as follows: ——GB/T 20238-2006. Installation, inspection and usage guidelines for wooden flooring 1 Scope This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, installation requirements, completion inspection requirements, usage guideline and quality requirements within the warranty period in the installation, inspection and usage guidelines for wooden flooring. This standard is applicable to the installation, inspection and usage of wooden flooring. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 4897 Particleboard GB/T 5849 Blockboards and battenboards GB/T 9846 Plywood for general use GB/T 15036.1 Solid wood flooring - Part 1: Technical requirements GB/T 15036.2-2009 Solid wood flooring - Part 2: Examination methods GB/T 18102 Laminate flooring GB/T 18103 Engineered wood flooring GB 18580 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limit of formaldehyde emission of wood-based panels and finishing products GB 18583 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limit of harmful substances of adhesives GB/T 20240 Bamboo flooring GB/T 24599-2009 Accessories for laying interior wooden flooring GB/T 35913 Technical requirements of solid wood flooring for ground with heating system GB 50209-2010 Code for acceptance of construction quality of building ground JGJ 142-2012 Technical specification for radiant heating and cooling LY/T 1614 Glued timber flooring LY/T 1657 Cork floor LY/T 1700 Wood-based flooring for ground with heating system LY/T 1859 Antique style flooring LY/T 1984-2011 Reconstitued wood flooring LY/T 1987 Wooden washboard 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15036.1, GB/T 18102, GB/T 18103, GB/T 24599-2009, GB 50209-2010, JGJ 142-2012 and LY/T 1984-2011 as well as the following apply. For the convenience of application, some terms and definitions given in GB/T 24599-2009, GB 50209-2010, JGJ 142-2012 and LY/T 1984-2011 are listed again. 3.1 interior wood framing installation a method for installation of flooring on interior wood framing or on interior wood framing and load distribution panel 3.2 floating installation a method for direct installation of flooring on under-lay 3.3 glue-down installation an installation method of directly gluing the floor block to the ground 3.4 reconstitued wood a square plate made of small-diameter wood, brush wood and other materials through rolling, gluing, forming blanks along lines and pressing [LY/T 1984-2011, definition 3.1] 3.5 reconstitued wood flooring flooring made of reconstitued wood [LY/T 1984-2011, definition 3.2] 3.6 wood flooring for ground with heating system wooden flooring installed on floor radiant heating system 3.7 other component on the ground protruding objects such as cabinets, posts, pipelines and partitions fixed on the ground 3.8 leveling course structural layer that plays the role of leveling, sloping or strengthening on cushion course, floor slab or filler course (light and loose materials) [GB 50209-2010, definition 2.0.8] 3.9 moisture proofing course structural layer that prevents moisture under a building foundation or floor from passing through the ground [JGJ 142-2012, definition 2.0.21] 3.10 heat distribution plates metal plates or foils which are installed under or above the heating parts or both and can uniformly disperse the heat generated by the heating parts, when the pre-grooved insulation board heated ground is adopted [JGJ 142-2012, definition 2.0.11] 3.11 insulating course structural layer (excluding pre-grooved insulation board and the insulation substrate of heating plate) installed separately on site to block the transfer of cold and heat and reduce ineffective cold and heat losses in radiant heating and cooling [JGJ 142-2012, definition 2.0.20] Note: The insulating course includes the insulating course on the radiant surface and that on the side face. 3.12 concealment concealed works during flooring installation Note: The concealment includes concealed works under construction such as pipeline arrangement during flooring installation. 3.13 interior wood framing batten used to support the flooring 3.14 trenail wooden cork used to drive into the concrete hole Note: Trenails are used to facilitate driving in interior wood framing nails. 3.15 load distribution panel panel installed between the flooring and the interior wood framing for ensuring the flatness of flooring installation foundation Note: Load distribution panel is generally wood-based panels such as multiply plywood, blockboard and battenboard or particleboard. 3.16 guiding hole guide hole driven in advance at the position to drive in flooring nail in order to facilitate the nailing of flooring nail to fix the flooring 3.17 moisture resistant foil plastic film with moisture-proof function 3.18 under-lay material flatly installed under the flooring to play a role of buffering, reducing noise and keeping away from moisture 3.19 washboard for flooring strip material used at the joint of indoor wall and flooring [GB/T 24599-2009, definition 3.8] 3.20 sandwich profire material used at the position of transition, closing, fixation, connection and abutment between different or same interfaces (such as flooring and ceramic tile, flooring and flooring) in interior decoration [GB/T 24599-2009, definition 3.9] 3.21 floor radiant heating system a generic term of the insulating course, isolation layer, heating method and filler course installed in the building ground [GB 50209-2010, definition 2.0.15] Note: The floor radiant heating system is installed to realize the effect of floor radiant heating. 3.22 floating screed floor radiant heating or cooling floor radiant heating or cooling form of installing heating components on the insulating course and filling concrete or cement mortar before installation of flooring surface [JGJ 142-2012, definition 2.0.9] Note: Floating screed floor radiant heating or cooling is referred to as floating screed radiant heating or cooling. 3.23 pre-grooved insulation board floor radiant heating floor radiant heating form of installing the heating pipe or heating cable which is matched with and on the same level as the groove of the insulation board in the pre-grooved insulation board, so that the surface course can be directly installed without filling concrete [JGJ 142-2012, definition 2.0.10] 3.24 gap splicing clearance between adjacent floor battens after installation 3.25 high difference height difference between adjacent floor battens after installation 3.26 warp the edge of the flooring is titled upward 4 Classification 4.1 According to the installation method: a) Interior wood framing installation; b) Floating installation; c) Glue-down installation. 4.2 According to whether floor radiant heating is adopted: a) Radiant heating floor; b) Non-radiant heating floor. 5 Requirements for interior wood framing installation and completion inspection of flooring 5.1 Applicable product category The clause is applicable to the installation and completion inspection of solid wood flooring, glued timber flooring, reconstitued wood flooring, bamboo flooring, antique style solid wood flooring and antique style bamboo flooring. 5.2 Installation guideline 5.2.1 General requirements Before installation, the following requirements shall be confirmed: ——Before installation, the installation method, requirements, period and inspection guideline shall be explained to and approved by the user. ——The flooring installation shall be carried out after the completion and inspection of concealment, ceiling work, end surface work and hydropower work. ——The strength and thickness of ground foundation shall comply with GB 50209-2010. ——The floor shall be solid, flat, clean and dry. ——The moisture content of the floor shall not exceed 20%, otherwise the construction of moisture proofing course shall be carried out or dehumidification measures shall be taken to make the moisture content of the floor be acceptable, and then installation can be carried out. The ground adjacent to soil shall be subjected to construction of moisture proofing course. ——The area to be floored shall be effectively isolated from water sources to prevent water sources (such as heating pipes, kitchens, bathrooms, etc.) from leaking into the area. ——The wall shall be perpendicular to the ground. The wall within 200mm from the ground shall be flat and the maximum chord height of the wall shall be less than or equal to 3mm by measuring it with a 2m guiding rule ——Materials that do not conform to GB 18580 and GB 18583 shall not be used. ——For areas with large difference between indoor and outdoor temperature, the wooden flooring shall be installed for 24h at the installation site before being unpacked for installation.

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Classification 5 Requirements for interior wood framing installation and completion inspection of flooring 5.1 Applicable product category 5.2 Installation guideline 5.3 Completion inspection guideline 6 Installation and completion inspection requirements for flooring by floating installation 6.1 Applicable product category 6.2 Installation guideline 6.3 Completion inspection guideline 7 Installation and completion inspection of flooring by glue-down installation 7.1 Applicable product category 7.2 Installation guideline 7.3 Completion inspection guideline 8 Installation and completion inspection of wooden floor used in radiant floor heating 8.1 Applicable product category 8.2 Installation guideline 8.3 Completion inspection guideline 9 Usage guideline for wooden flooring 9.1 General requirements 9.2 Usage guideline for wooden floor used in radiant floor heating 10 Quality requirements for wooden flooring during warranty period 10.1 Warranty period 10.2 Quality requirements for flooring surface course 10.3 Maintenance 10.4 Inspection after maintenance Figure 1 Schematic diagram for the installation structures of solid wood flooring, glued timber flooring, reconstitued wood flooring and bamboo flooring Table 1 Installation quality requirements of the solid wood flooring, glued timber flooring, reconstitued wood flooring and bamboo flooring Table 2 Installation quality requirements of washboard for flooring Table 3 Installation quality requirements of laminate flooring Table 4 Installation quality requirements of engineered wood flooring and engineered cork flooring Table 5 Installation quality requirements of cork flooring Table 6 Requirements for the quality of surface course of solid wood flooring, glued timber flooring, reconstitued wood flooring and bamboo flooring Table 7 Requirements for the quality of surface course of laminate flooring Table 8 Requirements for the quality of surface course of engineered wood flooring and engineered cork flooring Table 9 Requirements for the quality of surface course of cork flooring

木质地板铺装、验收和使用规范 1 范围 本标准规定了木质地板铺装、验收和使用规范的术语和定义、分类、铺装要求、竣工验收要求、使用规范和保修期内质量要求。 本标准适用于室内用木质地板铺装、验收和使用。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 4897刨花板 GB/T 5849 细木工板 GB/T 9846普通胶合板 GB/T 15036.1 实木地板 第1部分：技术要求 GB/T 15036.2—2009实木地板 第2部分；检验方法 GB/T 18102 浸渍纸层压木质地板 GB/T 18103 实木复合地板 GB 18580室内装饰装修材料 人造板及其制品甲醛释放限量 GB 18583室内装饰装修材料 胶粘剂中有害物质限量 GB/T 20240 竹地板 GB/T 24599—2009 室内木质地板安装配套材料 GB/T 35913 地采暖用实木地板技术要求 GB 50209—2010建筑地面工程施工质量验收规范 JGJ 142—2012辐射供暖供冷技术规程 LY/T 1614实木集成地板 LY/T 1657 软木类地板 LY/T 1700地采暖用木质地板 LY/T 1859 仿古木质地板 LY/T 1984—2011 重组木地板 LY/T 1987木质踢脚线 3术语和定义 GB/T 15036.1、GB/T 18102、GB/T 18103、GB/T 24599—2009、GB 50209—2010、JGJ 142—2012和LY/T 1984—2011等界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。为了便于使用，以下重复列出了GB/T 24599—2009、GB 50209—2010、JGJ 142—2012和LY/T 1984—2011中的某些术语和定义。 3.1 木龙骨法 interior wood framinginstallation 将地板铺设在木龙骨上或木龙骨和毛地板上的铺装方法。 3.2 悬浮法floating installation 将地板直接铺设在地垫上的铺装方法。 3.3 直接胶粘法glue-down installation 地板块用胶黏剂与地面直接粘贴的铺装方法。 3.4 重组木 reconstituedwood 以小径材、枝桠材等材料经碾压、施胶、顺纹组坯、加压而成的板方材。 [LY/T 1984—2011，定义3.1] 3.5 重组木地板reconstituedwood flooring 用重组木生产加工而成的地板。 [LY/T 1984—2011，定义3.2] 3.6 地采暖用木质地板wood flooring for ground with heating system 铺设在地面辐射供暖系统上的木质地板。 3.7 地面固定物other component on the ground 固定在地面上的立柜、柱子、管道、隔断等凸出物体。 3.8 找平层leveling course 在垫层、楼板上或填充层(轻质、松散材料)上起整平、找坡或加强作用的构造层。 [GB 50209—2010，定义2.0.8] 3.9 防潮层 moisture proofing course 防止建筑地基或楼层地面下潮气透过地面的构造层。 [JGJ 142—2012，定义2.0.21] 3.10 均热层heat distribution plates 采用预制沟槽保暖板供暖地面时，铺设在加热部件之下或之上、或上下均铺设的可使加热部件产生的热量均匀散开的金属板或金属箔。 [JGJ 142—2012，定义2.0.11] 3.11 绝热层 insulating course 辐射供暖供冷中，用于阻挡冷热量传递，减少无效冷热损失，在现场单独铺设的构造层(不包括预制沟槽保暖板和供暖板的保温基板)。 [JGJ 142—2012，定义2.0.20] 注：绝热层包括辐射面绝热层和侧面绝热层。 3.12 地面隐蔽工程concealment 地板铺装时遮盖的工程项目。 注：地面隐蔽工程包括地板铺装时遮盖的管线排布等施工项目。 3.13 木龙骨 interior wood framing 用于支撑地板的木条。 3.14 木栓trenail 用作打入混凝土钻孔的木塞。 注：使用木栓是为了便于钉木龙骨钉。 3.15 毛地板load distribution panel 确保地板铺装基础平整的板材，铺设在地板和木龙骨之间的板材。 注：毛地板通常采用多层胶合板、细木工板或刨花板等人造板。 3.16 引眼guiding hole 为便于钉入固定地板的地板钉，预先在钉地板钉处钻的导孔。 3.17 防潮膜 moisture resistant foil 起防潮作用的塑料薄膜。 3.18 地垫under-lay 平铺在地板下起缓冲、降噪和防潮作用的材料。 3.19 踢脚线 washboard for flooring 用于室内墙体和地板连接处的条状材料。 [GB/T 24599—2009，定义3.8] 3.20 扣条 sandwich profire 用于室内装修中不同界面或相同界面(如地板与瓷砖、地板与地板)之间的过渡、收口、固定、连接、贴靠等处的材料。 [GB/T 24599—2009，定义3.9] 3.21 地面辐射供暖系统floor radiant heating system 在建筑地面中铺设的绝热层、隔离层、供热做法、填充层等的总称。 [GB 50209—2010，定义2.0.15] 注：地面辐射供暖系统铺设的目的是为了实现地面辐射供暖的效果。 3.22 混凝土或水泥砂浆填充式地面辐射供暖供冷floating screed floor radiant heating or cooling 加热部件敷设在绝热层之上，需填充混凝土或水泥砂浆后再铺设地面面层的地面辐射供暖供冷形式。 [JGJ 142—2012，定义2.0.9] 注：混凝土或水泥砂浆填充式地面辐射供暖供冷简称混凝土填充式地面辐射供暖供冷。 3.23 预制沟槽保温板地面辐射供暖pre-grooved insulation board floor radiant heating 将加热管或加热电缆敷设在预制沟槽保温板的沟槽中，加热管或加热电缆与保温板沟槽尺寸吻合且上皮持平，不需要填充混凝土即可直接铺设面层的地面辐射供暖形式。 [JGJ 142—2012，定义2.0.10] 3.24 拼装离缝gap 铺装后相邻地板条之间的拼接缝隙。 3.25 拼装高度差high difference 铺装后相邻地板条之间的高度差。 3.26 卷边warp 地板边缘向上翘起。 4分类 4.1按铺装方式分： a)木龙骨法； b)悬浮法； c)直接胶粘法。 4.2按是否采用地面辐射供暖分： a)辐射供暖地面； b)非辐射供暖地面。 5木龙骨法地板铺装、竣工验收要求 5.1 适用产品类别 本章适用于实木地板、实木集成地板、重组木地板、竹地板、仿古实木地板和仿古竹地板的铺装和竣工验收。 5.2铺装规范 5.2.1一般规定 实施铺装前，应对下述规定进行确认： ——在铺装前，应将铺装方法、铺装要求、工期、验收规范等向用户说明并征得其认可。 ——地板铺装应在地面隐蔽工程、吊顶工程、端面工程、水电工程完成并验收后进行。 ——地面基础的强度和厚度应符合GB 50209—2010。 ——地面应坚实、平整、洁净、干燥。 ——地面含水率不得大于20％，否则应进行防潮层施工或采取除湿措施使地面含水率合格后再铺装。与土壤相邻的地面，应进行防潮层施工。 ——拟铺装区域应有效隔离水源，防止有水源处(如暖气管道、厨房、卫生间等)向拟铺装区域渗漏。 ——墙面应同地面相互垂直，在距离地面200 mm内墙面应平整，用2 m靠尺检测墙面平整度，最大弦高宜小于或等于3 mm。 ——不得使用不符合GB 18580和GB 18583的材料。 ——室内外温差大的区域，木质地板应在铺装地点放置24 h后再拆包铺装。 5.2.2 其他规定 用2 m靠尺检测地面平整度，靠尺与地面的最大弦高应小于或等于5 mm。 5.2.3主要材料质量要求 主要材料质最应满足下述要求： ——实木地板应符合GB/T 15036.1的规定，实木集成地板应符合LY/T 1614、重组木地板应符合LY/T 1984—2011、竹地板应符合GB/T 20240和GB 18580的规定，仿古实木地板和仿古竹地板应符合LY/T 1859的规定。 ——铺装用木龙骨、垫木等木材含水率应符合GB/T 15036.1的规定。木龙骨应使用握钉性能良好、具有一定耐腐性能或经防虫处理的木材。木龙骨厚度≥25 mm，宽度≥35 mm。 ——毛地板可采用胶合板、细木工板和刨花板等人造板材，应符合GB/T 9846、GB/T 5849和GB/T 4897等标准的规定，甲醛释放量应符合GB 18580中E1级的规定，厚度≥9 mm。 ——铺装用胶黏剂应符合GB 18583的规定。 ——踢脚线应符合LY/T 1987的规定。 5.2.4用户认可 铺装单位提供验货单，用户根据以下条款检验并签字确认： ——地板包装和标识的验收。地板应包装完好，包装内应有产品质量合格证或标识。产品包装应印有或贴有清晰的中文标识，如生产厂名、厂址、产品名称、执行标准、规格、木材名称、等级、数量和批次号等。 ——地板产品的验收。用户应核对所购地板种类、规格和数量与合同的一致性。 ——地板和木龙骨含水率的验证。铺装单位和用户在铺装前应对地板和木龙骨的含水率进行验证，并记录在验货单上。 ——其他主要材料的要求。铺装单位应给用户明示胶黏剂等主要材料的合格证或标识。 ——产品数量核定。通常地板铺装损耗量小于铺装面积的5％，特殊房间和特殊铺装由供需双方协商确定。 5.2.5铺装技术要求 5.2.5.1 铺装前准备 5.2.5.1.1 通用事项 实施铺装前，应做好下述准备： ——彻底清理地面，确保地面无砂粒、无浮土、无明显凸出物和施工废弃物。 ——测量地面的含水率，地面含水率合格后方可施工，不应湿地施工。 ——根据用户房屋已铺设的管道、线路布置情况，标明各管道、线路的位置，以便于施工。 ——制定合理的铺装方案。若铺装环境特殊应及时与用户协商，并采取合理的解决方案。 ——门的下沿和安装好的地板(或扣条)间预留不小于3 mm的间隙，确保地板铺装后门扇应开闭自如。 5.2.5.1.2龙骨法铺装事项 测量并计算所需木龙骨、踢脚线和扣条数量。 5.2.5.2木龙骨安装 木龙骨安装时，应符合下述要求： ——根据用户要求确定地板铺装方向后，确定木龙骨的铺设方向。 ——根据地板的长度模数计算确定木龙骨的间距并划线标明，不采用毛地板的木龙骨法铺装应确保地板端部接缝在木龙骨上，木龙骨间距不超过350 mm。 ——地面可铺设防潮膜，防潮膜交接处应重叠100 mm以上并用胶带粘接严实，端角处翻起大于或等于50 mm。 ——根据木龙骨的长度，合理布置固定木龙骨的位置；打孔孔距小于或等于300 mm，孔深度小于或等于60 mm，以免击穿楼板。如使用木栓，木栓应采用握钉力较好的干燥材，直径大于电锤钻头直径。 ——采用专用木龙骨钉固定木龙骨，龙骨端头宜预留60 mm～70 mm以避免木龙骨钉劈裂木龙骨。不得用水泥或含水建筑胶固定木龙骨。 ——木龙骨与地面有缝隙时，应用耐腐、硬质材料垫实。如木龙骨不平整，应刨平或垫平。 ——木龙骨安装时，木龙骨间距允差≤5 mm，平整度小于或等于3 mm/2 m，与墙面间的伸缩缝为8 mm～12 mm。 ——相邻两排木龙骨端头接缝应错开300 mm以上。 5.2.5.3地板铺装 实木地板、实木集成地板、重组木地板和竹地板铺装结构见图1。