Test method for evaluating gasoline detergent in use Part 5: Engine dynamometer test method for influence of intake valve and Combustion chamber deposit tendencies of gasoline detergent(Ford 2.3L method)
1 Scope
This part specifies the standard stand test method and test equipment for the influence of intake value and combustion chamber deposits of gasoline detergent. This test method covers an engine dynamometer test procedure for evaluation of intake valve and combustion chamber deposit tendencies of unleaded spark-ignition engine gasoline.
This part is applicable to the evaluation of detergency of both gasoline detergent and unleaded motor gasoline.
Note: This part does not explain all safety precautions. It is the responsibility of the method users to take corresponding safety and hygiene measures and to determine whether they comply with relevant laws and regulations before use.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
calibration gasoline
special gasoline for engine stand calibration test according to this test method
2.2
emissions
general term for the exhaust emissions, evaporative emissions and crankcase emissions of automobiles, customarily referring to the harmful pollutants therein
2.3
intake system
components of the engine whose function is to prepare and deliver an air-gasoline mixture to the combustion chamber and includes the throttle, intake manifold, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) ports, cylinder head runners, intake valves, and gasoline injectors
2.4
intake valve deposit (IVD)
material accumulated on the tulip area of the intake valve, generated by reaction of gasoline and engine oil or sucked from the outside
2.5
total combustion chamber deposit (TCD)
material accumulated on the combustion chamber (cylinder head and piston top) area, generated by reaction of gasoline and engine oil or sucked from the outside
2.6
blow-by
phenomenon that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the cylinder leaks into the crankcase or oil pan through the gap between the cylinder wall and the piston or piston ring
3 Summary of test method
3.1 This test method utilizes a 1994 Ford 2.3L in-line, four-cylinder, Ford Ranger light truck engine, which meets the emission standards of 49 American states. The cylinder block and cylinder head are constructed of cast iron.
3.2 Each test engine is built to a rigid set of specifications using a specially designated intake valve deposit parts kit produced by the Ford Motor Co. New, weighed, intake valves are used to rebuild the cylinder head. A standard engine oil is used for each test and a new oil filter is installed. The test engine is subjected to a rigorous test parameter control procedure to verify proper engine operation. To ensure compliance with the test objective, data acquisition of key parameters is utilized during test operation.
3.3 The complete gasoline system is flushed of test gasoline from the previous test. The gasoline system is then filled with the new test gasoline.
3.4 The engine is operated on a cycle consisting of two stages. The first stage comprises operating the engine at 2,000r⁄min and 30.6kPa intake absolute pressure for 4min. The second stage comprises operating the engine at 2,800r⁄min and 71.2kPa intake absolute pressure for 8min. Ramp time between the two stages is 30s. A complete cycle time is 13min. The above working cycle is repeated for a total of 100h.
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Terms and definitions
3 Summary of test method
4 Test relevance and validity
5 Test apparatus
6 Reagents and materials
7 Test preparation
8 Calibration
9 Test procedures
10 Determination of test results
11 Report
12 Repeatability and reproducibility
Annex A (Informative) Calibration gasoline
Annex B (Informative) Base gasoline
Annex C (Informative) Combustion chamber deposit collection operation procedure
Bibliography
