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This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 13908-2002 General requirements for solid mineral exploration. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 13908-2002:
——The clauses/subclauses have been rearranged;
——The basic principles of exploration have been added (see Clause 3);
——The pre-exploration stage has been cancelled, and the content of each exploration stage has been revised according to GB/T 17766 (see Clause 4; 4.3 of 2002 Edition);
——The degree of exploration research and the degree of exploration control are joined into the degree of exploration (see Clause 6; 4.1 and 4.2 of 2002 Edition);
——The purposes of exploration type determination for "reasonably determining the exploration engineering spacing and deploying exploration engineering" and "effectively checking the continuity of orebodies" have been supplemented (see 6.1.1.1);
——Criteria for determining major orebodies (see 6.1.1.2), conditions for determining exploration types (see 6.1.1.3) and requirements (see 6.1.1.5) and the principle of "three lines" for determining exploration types have been added (see 6.1.1.6);
——The definition of basic exploration engineering spacing has been added (see 6.1.2.1);
——The exploration depth (see 6.1.4) and the requirements of comprehensive evaluation degree of comprehensive exploration (see 6.1.5.2) have been added;
——The requirements for research and test for technical performance of ore processing, beneficiation and metallurgy have been added (see 5.4, 6.2.5, 6.3.4, 6.4.4 and 8.8; 4.1.4 in 2002 Edition);
——The principle for determining the proportion of resources and the reference requirements for the proportion of resources of metal and non-metal deposits in each exploration stage have been added (see 6.3.6, 6.4.6 and Annex A);
——The requirements for degree of exploration of complex and small deposits used for construction design of mines have been added (see 6.5);
——Green exploration requirements have been added (see Clause 7);
——The requirement of conditional use of reverse circulation drill has been added (see 8.5.3.5);
——The requirements for sampling, sample preparation and identification of mineralogical and petrological determination (see 8.6) and the requirements for analysis of harmful components of rocks (see 8.7.2.8) have been added;
——Spectral total analysis has been changed to qualitative and semi-quantitative total analysis (see 8.7.2.1; 4.4.6 in 2002 Edition);
——The specific requirements for chemical analysis, internal inspection and external inspection (see 8.7.1 and 8.7.2) and the requirements for analytical quality inspection (see 8.7.4) have been supplemented;
——Requirements for the preservation of original data have been added (see 8.10);
——Feasibility evaluation requirements have been added (see Clause 9; Clause 5 of the 2002 Edition);
——The specific conditions for the types of resources have been added (see Clause 10);
——Requirements for computer technology application (11.2.2), extrapolation principle (11.2.6), measured and indicated resource delineation (see 11.2.7), storm grade ore treatment (11.2.8) and symbiotic orebody delineation (see 11.2.10) have been added;
——The basic requirements for reserve estimation have been added (see 11.2);
——Annex A of the 2002 Edition has been modified, with "Classification table of solid mineral resources/reserves" changed to "Types of solid mineral resources and reserves and their conversion relationship" (see Annex B; Annex A of the 2002 Edition); Annexes B and C of 2002 Edition have been deleted, and "Reference requirements for resources quantity and proportion of metal and non-metal deposits in each exploration stage" has been added (see Annex A; Annex B and Annex C of 2002 Edition).
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 93 National Technical Committee on Land Resources of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous editions of the standard replaced by this standard are as follows:
——GB/T 13908-2002.
General requirements for mineral exploration
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements for solid mineral exploration (hereinafter referred to as exploration) in terms of the following aspects: basic principles , the purpose and stage, degree of exploration, green exploration, exploration work and its quality, feasibility evaluation, resource reserve type conditions and resource reserve estimation.
This standard is applicable to the overall work arrangement of each stage of solid mineral exploration, as well as for guiding the compilation of exploration specifications, technical requirements and relevant specifications and regulations of solid mineral minerals (groups).
2 Normative reference
The following document is normatively referenced in this document and is indispensable for its application. For dated reference, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 17766 Classifications for mineral resources and mineral reserves
3 Basic principles
3.1 Perform legitimate, green and comprehensive exploration; utilize and protect mineral resources in a rational manner.
3.2 Exploration shall be technically feasible and economic while considering environmental conditions.
3.3 Degree of exploration shall be based on the actual reserve of mineral resources and shall achieve the exploration purposes. The relationship between means and purpose, part and whole, need and possibility shall be properly dealt with during exploration.
3.4 Exploration shall follow the geological prospecting rules and proceed step by step.
3.5 Exploration, research and design optimization shall be carried out in parallel.
4 Purpose and stage of exploration
4.1 Purpose
The purpose is to find and evaluate the deposits (bodies) that can be further explored or exploited, provide relevant geological information for exploration or development decisions, and finally provide necessary geological data for mine construction design, so as to reduce the investment risk of deposit exploration and development and obtain reasonable economic benefits.
4.2 Exploration stage
4.2.1 Division of exploration stages
According to GB/T 17766, the exploration is divided into three stages of general prospecting, detailed prospecting and exploration. Generally, exploration shall be carried out step by step according to stages. When merging or submitting exploration results across stages, it should also be implemented step by step with reference to the requirements of exploration stages.
4.2.2 Objectives and tasks of each stage
4.2.2.1 General prospecting
On the basis of regional geological survey and research and through effective exploration means, exploration of this stage shall search, check, verify and trace mineralization clues to discover ore (mineralization) bodies. Through sparse sampling engineering control, test and experimental research, the geological characteristics of orebodies (deposits), the technical performance of ore processing and metallurgy and the mining technical conditions are preliminarily understood. A geological research shall be carried out in order to estimate and infer the amount of resources, and evaluate whether it is necessary to transfer to detailed prospecting, and propose the scope for detailed prospecting.
4.2.2.2 Detailed prospecting
On the basis of general prospecting, conduct systematic engineering control, testing and experimental research on the ore body through effective exploration means to basically identify the geological characteristics of the deposit (body), the technical performance of ore processing, beneficiation and metallurgy and the technical conditions for mining, so as to provide a geological basis for the division of mining areas and the determination of exploration areas; conduct a geological research in order to estimate the inferred resources and indicated resources, and evaluate whether it is necessary to transfer to exploration, and propose the scope of exploration; pre-feasibility study or feasibility study may also be carried out to estimate probable reserves.
4.2.2.3 Advanced exploration
On the basis of detailed prospecting, and through effective exploration means, the orebody shall be subject to infilling engineering control and test as well as in-depth test and study in order to identify the geological characteristics of the orebody, the technical performance of ore processing, beneficiation and metallurgy and the mining technical conditions in detail, so as to provide the necessary geological data for the mine construction design to determine the mine (mine field) production size, mining method, and the general layout of the mine; conduct a geological research in order to estimate the inferred, indicated and measured resources; pre-feasibility study or feasibility study may also be carried out to estimate probable reserves and proved reserves.
Foreword ii
1 Scope
2 Normative reference
3 Basic principles
4 Purpose and stage of exploration
4.1 Purpose
4.2 Exploration stage
5 Contents of exploration and research
5.1 Mineralization geological conditions
5.2 Orebody characteristics
5.3 Ore characteristics
5.4 Technical performance of ore processing, beneficiation and metallurgy
5.5 Technical conditions for mining deposits
6 Degree of exploration
6.1 Basic requirements for exploration control
6.2 General prospecting stage
6.3 Detailed prospecting stage
6.4 Exploration stage
6.5 Requirements for the degree of exploration work of complex and small deposits for mine construction design
7 Green exploration requirements
7.1 Basic requirements
7.2 Exploration design
7.3 Exploration and construction
7.4 Environmental restoration, treatment and acceptance
8 Exploration and its quality
8.1 Exploration and measurement
8.2 Geological mapping
8.3 Hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology
8.4 Geophysical and geochemical exploration
8.5 Exploration engineering
8.6 Sampling, preparation and identification of mineralogical and petrological determination
8.7 Sample taking, preparation and testing for chemical analysis
8.8 Sample collection and test for technical performance of ore processing, beneficiation and metallurgy
8.9 Collection and test of physical and technical performance test of rock (ore) samples
8.10 Source data saving, documentation and comprehensive organization and report preparation
9 Feasibility evaluation
9.1 Basic requirements
9.2 Geological study
9.3 Pre-feasibility study
9.4 Feasibility study
10 Resources and reserves type conditions
10.1 Quantity of mineral resources
10.2 Reserve
10.3 Adjustment of resources and reserve types
11 Estimation of reserves of resources
11.1 Deposit industrial index
11.2 Basic requirements for reserves estimation
11.3 Basic requirements for reserves estimation
11.4 Determination of resource reserve types
11.5 Estimation results of resource reserve
Annex A (Informative) Reference requirements for resources quantity and proportion of metal and nonmetal deposits in each exploration stage
Annex B (Informative) Types of solid mineral resources and reserves and their conversion relationship
Bibliography
