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All technical contents of this standard are compulsory.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB 15577-2007 Safety regulations for dust explosion prevention and protection, and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB 15577-2007:
——"Explosive dust atmosphere", "cleaning" and "dust collection system" are added in “Terms and definitions” (see 3.2, 3.9 and 3.10);
——"Reducing damages caused by initial explosion" and "Prevention of subsequent explosion" are modified and integrated into the clause "Dust explosion control" (see Clause 7; Clauses 7 and 8 in Edition 2007);
——"Ventilation and dust removal" is deleted (see 6.6 in Edition 2007);
——“Dust collection system” is added (see Clause 8);
——"Cleaning" is deleted (see 8.3 in Edition 2007);
——“Dust control and cleaning” is added (see Clause 9);
——“Overhaul” is added (see Clause 10);
——"Personal protection and rescue” is modified as "Personal protection" (see Clause 11; Clause 9 in Edition 2007).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China.
Drafting organizations of this standard: Sinosteel Wuhan Safety & Environmental Protection Research Institute Co., Ltd., Northeastern University, Guangdong Jinfangyuan Safety Technology Testing Co., Ltd. and China National Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of Explosion-proof Equipment (Guangdong).
Chief drafters of this standard: Wang Zhi, Li Gang, Zhong Shengjun, Meng Xianwei, Wang Xinhua, Yue Youbang, Wu Xiaoyu and Zhang Qianqian.
The previous editions of the standard are as follows:
——GB 15577-1996 and GB 15577-2007.
Safety regulations for dust explosion prevention and protection
1 Scope
This standard specifies the general rules for dust explosion prevention and protection, the structure and layout of the buildings (structures) in the areas subject to dust explosion hazards, prevention of dust cloud and dust layer fire, dust explosion control, dust collection system, dust control and cleaning, equipment and facility overhaul and personal protection.
This standard is applicable to the engineering and process design, production and processing, storage, equipment operation and maintenance in the areas subject to dust explosion hazards.
This standard is not applicable to the areas with dusts, including coal mines and the places with fireworks, explosives, powders and strong oxidants.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3836.15 Explosive atmospheres - Part 15: Electrical installations design, selection and erection
GB/T 11651 Code of practice for selection of personal protective equipments
GB 12158 General guideline for preventing electrostatic accidents
GB 12476.1 Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 15605 Guide for pressure venting of dust explosions
GB/T 16758 The classification and technical specification of exhaust hood
GB/T 17919 Directives for dust explosion protection for dust collectors in dust explosion hazardous area
GB/T 18154 Technical specification of automatic dust explosion suppression devices
GB/T 24626 Explosion resistant equipment
GB/T 25445 Explosion suppression systems
GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings
GB 50057 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
GB 50058 Code for design of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
combustible dust
dust, fibers or flyings that can undergo vigorous oxidation reactions with gaseous oxidants (mainly air) under atmospheric conditions
3.2
explosive dust atmosphere
an atmosphere that may keep combustion spreading freely after the mixture of combustible dust and gaseous oxidants (mainly air) is ignited under atmospheric conditions
3.3
area subject to dust explosion hazards
areas where combustible dust and gaseous oxidants (mainly air) are present
3.4
inerting
a technology to make the dust/air mixture lose explosiveness by filling inert substance to the areas subject to dust explosion hazards
3.5
explosion suppression
an explosion control technology to extinguish the flame by physical and chemical reactions at the initial stage of explosion so that the unexploded dust is no longer involved in the explosion
3.6
explosion isolation
a technology to block explosion within a certain range by extinguishing the flame by physical and chemical means so as to prevent the explosion from spreading after the explosion
3.7
venting of dust explosion
an explosion control technology to prevent an enclosure from being destroyed when an explosion occurs inside the enclosure, by venting the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion products and unexploded materials generated by the explosion toward risk-free directions through the pre-set weak parts of the enclosure before the explosion pressure reaches the ultimate strength of the enclosure
3.8
subsequent explosion
continuous explosion caused by ignition of the dust cloud formed by the deposited dusts that has not exploded but fly again due to the shock wave after dust explosion
3.9
cleaning
the operation of removing deposited dust from workplaces, equipment and facilities in a manner that does not raise dust
3.10
dust collection system
a system for collecting solid particles in a gas-solid flow, consisting of dust hood, air duct, dust collector, fan, and control device
4 General
4.1 Enterprises shall identify the areas subject to dust explosion hazards, determine the combustible dust explosion hazard and the number, location and hazardous zone of the areas subject to dust explosion hazards, analyze the existing dust explosion hazards, evaluate the dust explosion risk, and develop measures to eliminate or effectively control the dust explosion hazards.
4.2 Enterprises shall establish a safety management system related to dust explosion prevention and protection (including dust collection system management) and post safety operation procedures, which shall include contents such as safe operation and emergency response measures for dust explosion prevention and protection.
4.3 Enterprises shall formulate a safety checklist for dust explosion prevention and protection according to this standard and its own process, equipment, dust explosion characteristics, explosion protective measures and safety management system, and regularly carry out safety inspection for dust explosion prevention and protection. Enterprises shall carry out inspectionsat least once a quarter, and the workshops (or workshop sections) shall carry out at least once a month.
4.4 Enterprises shall provide safety educations and trainings and popularize safety knowledge and relevant regulations and standards about dust explosion prevention and protection, so that employees can understand the hazard level of their areas subject to dust explosion hazards and the explosion prevention measures; the principal, safety manager, operators working in the areas subject to dust explosion hazards and the maintenance personnel of equipment and facilities shall receive special safety technical training on dust explosion prevention and protection, and can take these posts only after passing the examination.
4.5 Enterprises shall prepare an emergency plan for dust explosion accidents and conduct emergency drills on a regular basis.
4.6 It shall be ensured that the safety equipment used for ventilation, dust collection, dust explosion prevention and control, etc. are always effective, and shall not be replaced or disused without the approval of the enterprises’ safety management departments or safety directors.
4.7 Obvious safety and warning signs shall be set at the entrances and exits of the areas subject to dust explosion hazards, production areas and the areas with key dangerous equipment and facilities.
4.8 The areas subject to dust explosion hazards shall be divided into Zone 20, Zone 21 and Zone 22 according to the occurrence frequency and duration of explosive dust atmosphere, and zoning shall meet the following requirements:
——Zone 20 shall refer to the zone where explosive dust atmosphere occurs persistently, chronically or frequently.
——Zone 21 shall refer to the zone where explosive dust atmosphere occurs occasionally or under fault conditions;
——Zone 22 shall refer to the zone where explosive dust atmosphere is impossible to occur in normal operation, or even it occurs, the duration is short.
5 Structure and layout of buildings (structures)
5.1 As for the process equipment with dust explosion hazards or the buildings (structures) with areas subject to dust explosion hazards, they shall not be set in public places and residential areas, and their fire separation distance shall comply with the relevant requirements of GB 50016.
Buildings with areas subject to dust explosion hazards should be single-storey ones in frame structure, with their roofs in lightweight structure. Multi-storey buildings shall be in frame structure.
5.2 Buildings with areas subject to dust explosion hazards shall have an area for venting of dust explosion that meets the requirements of GB 50016.
5.3 For engineering and process design subject to dust explosion, such design shall meet the requirements of special national standards, if any; the process equipment subject to dust explosion hazards should be placed in an open space; for the process equipment subject to dust explosion hazards inside a plant, they should be placed at a higher position within the building and close to the external wall.
5.4 Beams, supports, walls, equipment, etc. shall have a surface structure that is easy to clean.
5.5 The areas (zones) subject to dust explosion hazards shall be provided with safety exits in accordance with the relevant requirements of GB 50016, at least one of which has direct access to the exterior.
5.6 Areas subject to dust explosion hazards shall be provided with safety evacuation passages, whose locations and widths shall comply with the relevant requirements of GB 50016; these safety evacuation passages shall be kept clear, and there shall be emergency lighting and visible evacuation indication signs along the evacuation routes.
5.7 The number of operators inside areas subject to dust explosion hazards shall be strictly controlled, crowded places such as lounges and conference rooms shall not be set, and the distance to other plants, dormitories, etc. shall not be less than the fire safety distance specified in GB 50016.
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General
5 Structure and layout of buildings (structures)
6 Prevention of dust cloud and dust layer fire
7 Dust explosion control
8 Dust collection system
9 Dust control and cleaning
10 Overhaul
11 Personal protection
