1 General Provisions
1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to unifying the design standards for reinforced and prestressed concrete structure of railway bridge and culvert, implementing the relevant laws, regulations and railway technical policies of the nation, and making the design meet the requirements of safety, serviceability, technical advancement and economic feasibility.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the design of reinforced concrete structure with span less than or equal to 20m and prestressed concrete structure with span less than or equal to 96m of the Grades I and II standard gauge railway bridges and culverts with the passenger and freight trains sharing the same railway, the design travelling speed of passenger train equal to or less than 160km/h and the design travelling speed of freight train equal to or less than 120km/h (80km/h for Transfer 8A-type freight train) in railway network.
When the double-layer container train or the freight train at a speed of 120km/h is put into service or the open bridge floor is adopted, the design shall also meet the requirements of relevant provisions.
1.0.3 When the design is carried out in accordance with this code, the load and the basic structure of bridge and culvert shall be adopted according to those specified in "Fundamental Code for Design on Railway Bridge and Culvert" (TB 10002.1-2005) of the Ministry of Railways; the seismic design of structure shall also meet those specified in the current national standard "Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering" (GBJ 111).
1.0.4 As for railway concrete bridge, the new materials, new processes and new structures shall be actively adopted, and the prestressed concrete structure should be preferentially adopted.
1.0.5 The bridge superstructure shall be provided with adequate strength and vertical, lateral and torsional stiffness. When T-shaped beam is adopted, the diaphragm plate must be prestressed so as to connect the beam piece into an entirety, and the bridge deck shall be connected if necessary.
1.0.6 As for special structures and representative bridges, they shall undergo vehicle-bridge coupled dynamic analysis, and the train operation safety, stationarity and comfort degree indexes shall meet those specified in Article 1.0.9 of "Fundamental Code for Design on Railway Bridge and Culvert" (TB 10002.1-2005) of the Ministry of Railways.
1.0.7 The reinforced and prestressed concrete structure of railway bridge and culvert shall be designed according to a designed lifetime of 100 years, and shall also be carried out with checking calculation for travel of long freight train at limited speed.
1.0.8 In addition to this code, the structural concrete of railway bridge and culvert shall also meet the relevant requirements of "Interim Provisions on Durability Design of Railway Concrete Structure".
1.0.9 In addition to this code, the design on reinforced and prestressed concrete structure of railway bridge and culvert shall also meet the requirements of the current relevant mandatory standards of the nation.
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2 Terminologies and Symbols
2.1 Terminologies
2.1.1 Reinforced concrete structure
The structure mainly made up of concrete containing stressed bars.
2.1.2 Prestressed concrete structure
The structure mainly made up of concrete prestressed with prestressing steel.
2.1.3 Bridge superstructure
The structure above the support of beam bridge or above the springing line of arch bridge and also crossing over the bridge openings.
2.1.4 Simply supported beam
The beam with hinged support on both ends.
2.1.5 Continuous beam
The beam supported on bearing at three or more places.
2.1.6 Frame
The structure of the bearing system which is constituted of beams and columns in rigid connection or hinged connection .
2.1.7 Rigid frame
The structure formed by the connected beams and piers (abutments).
2.1.8 Jacked-in bridge or culvert
The bridge or culvert constructed with jack-in method by crossing existing railway.
2.1.9 Bearing
The member supporting the bridge superstructure and also transferring the load of bridge superstructure to pier (abutment).
2.1.10 Load for calculation
The load acting on structures or members at a specific calculation mode, which generally excludes the pre-applied force.
2.1.11 Service load
The specified load acting on structures or members during structural calculation of operation stage.
2.1.12 Strength
The capacity of materials or members to resist damages under the action of force, which is equal to the maximum bearable stress of materials or the maximum bearable internal force of members at certain forced state.
2.1.13 Stiffness; rigidity
The capacity of structures or members to resist deformation.
2.1.14 Allowable stress
The maximum stress allowed to be borne by materials at specific calculation mode in order to ensure the structure safety.
2.1.15 Safety factor
A factor indicating the proportional relation between the calculated critical bearing capacity and the calculated load acting force when the structure or member reaches certain kind of failure state (failure or cracking).
2.1.16 Degree of prestressing
The degree of stress generated by the service load which is counteracted by prestressing in structures or members.
2.1.17 Effective prestress
The stress in prestressing tendon before counting the action of external loads and after deducting the stress loss caused by all relevant factors.
2.1.18 Deflection
The linear displacement perpendicular to the axial line or the direction of central plane, in the acting plane of bending moment, caused by the deflection at certain point on the axial line or central plane of structural member.
2.1.19 Camber
The correction in opposite direction with the deflection, which is reserved during fabrication with a view to counteracting the deflection generated by bridge superstructure under the action of loads.
2.1.20 Prestressing tendon
A generic term for the steel bars, steel wires and steel strands used for applying prestress in concrete structure members.
2.1.21 Tendon
A generic term for the steel bundles composed of steel wires and steel strands.
2.2 Symbols
1 General Provisions
2 Terminologies and Symbols
2.1 Terminologies
2.2 Symbols
3 Materials
3.1 Concrete
3.2 Steel Bars
4 Basic Design Requirements
4.1 General Requirements
4.2 Calculation of Slabs
4.3 Calculation of Beams
4.4 Calculation of Rigid Frame
4.5 Calculation of Pier and Abutment
4.6 Calculation of Arch Bridge
4.7 Calculation of Culvert
5 Reinforced Concrete Structure
5.1 General Requirements
5.2 Calculations
5.3 Structure
6 Prestressed Concrete Structure
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Strength Calculation
6.3 Structural Calculation of Operation Stage
6.4 Structural Calculation in Prestressing, Transportation and Installation Stages
6.5 Structure
7 Bearing
7.1 General Requirements
7.2 Materials
7.3 Calculations
7.4 Structure
8 Jacked-In Bridge or Culvert for Existing Railway
8.1 General Requirements
8.2 Calculations
8.3 Structure
Appendix A Calculation of Moment Redistribution after System Conversion of Prestressed Concrete Structure
Appendix B Calculation of Temperature Stress of Concrete Box Beam
Appendix C Checking Calculation of Oblique Section Strength for Prestressed Concrete Flexural Member
Appendix D Calculation of the Reverse Friction Resistance of Prestressing Tendons for Post-Tensioned Prestressing Concrete Beam
Appendix E Stress Calculation of the Crack Section of Prestressed Concrete Flexural Member after Removing Pressure
Explanation of Wording in This Code
