QC/T 1239-2025 Venting test methods oftraction battery for electric vehicles English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS
T
Professional Standard of the People's Republic of China
QC/T 1239-2025
Venting test methods of traction battery for electric vehicles
电动汽车动力蓄电池排气试验方法
(English Translation)
Issue date: 2025-12-17 Implementation date: 2026-07-01
Issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Abbreviations
5 Test Conditions
6 Test Methods
Test Method for Power Battery Venting in Electric Vehicles
1 Scope
This document specifies methods for collecting thermal runaway vent gas from power batteries used in electric vehicles (hereinafter referred to as "batteries"), detecting gas components, and analyzing test data.
This document applies to electric vehicle power battery cells, battery packs or systems, and complete electric vehicles utilizing power batteries.
2 Normative References
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/Z 2.1-2019 Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Agents in the Workplace — Part 1: Chemical Hazardous Agents
Pressure Vessel
Analytical Chemistry Terminology
Electric Vehicle Terminology
GB 38031-20XX Safety Requirements for Traction Batteries in Electric Vehicles
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 14666, GB/T 19596, GB 38031, and the following apply.
3.1 battery venting
The process by which a battery cell, module, battery pack, or system expels gas outward due to internal or external factors.
4 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
FS: Full Scale
SOC: State-of-Charge
5 Test Conditions
5.1 General Conditions
5.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the ambient temperature for testing shall be 22 ℃ ± 5℃, with a relative humidity of 10% to 90% and an atmospheric pressure of 86 kPa to 106 kPa. Tests shall be conducted indoors or outdoors with a wind speed not exceeding 2.5 km/h.
5.1.2 Modifications to the test sample shall be minimized as far as possible. Any modifications made shall be documented accordingly.
5.2 Accuracy of Measuring Instruments and Gauges
5.2.1 The accuracy of measuring instruments and equipment shall comply with the requirements in Table 1.
Table 1 Accuracy Requirements for Instruments and Equipment
5.3 Data Acquisition Intervals
Unless otherwise specified, the acquisition interval for temperature and voltage data shall not exceed 1 s, and the acquisition interval for pressure data shall not exceed 0.01 s. Other data acquisition intervals shall be determined by agreement between the manufacturer and the testing organization.
6 Test Methods
6.1 Battery Cell Venting Test Method
6.1.1 Test Apparatus
The design of the test apparatus shall comply with GB/T 150. The tank material shall withstand temperatures above 1100 °C and be equipped with a thermal runaway trigger device, charge/discharge device, and safety pressure relief device. The tank shall have ports for the wiring harnesses of all monitoring instruments. The internal volume of the tank shall be determined by the manufacturer based on the gas production from the thermal runaway of the test sample, following preliminary experiments.
6.1.2 Test Atmosphere
The thermal runaway test tank may use one of the following two test atmospheres, which shall be specified in the test report:
a) Filled with inert gas; the volume fraction of inert gas inside the thermal runaway test tank shall be greater than 99%;
b) No special treatment; the test is conducted in an ambient air environment.
6.1.3 Sample Condition
The battery cell shall undergo pre-treatment cycles according to GB 38031—20XX, clause
7.1.2. Prior to test initiation, adjust the battery cell SOC to the value specified by the manufacturer using the method provided in GB 38031—20XX, clause 6.1.7. If the manufacturer does not specify, adjust the SOC to 100%.
6.1.4 Trigger Method
Use the trigger method provided in GB 38031—20XX, clause C.5.3, or other trigger methods provided by the manufacturer. The following monitoring point layout scheme is recommended:
a) Monitor the test sample voltage and temperature. GB 38031—20XX, clause C.5.3.6, provides a recommended monitoring point layout scheme.
b) Monitor the gas pressure and temperature inside the tank. Temperature sensors should be placed within 10 cm to 20 cm from the surface of the test sample. Pressure and temperature sensors should be positioned, as far as possible, to avoid the jet flow area of the battery during thermal runaway. Figure 1 provides a schematic diagram of the monitoring point layout.
