QC/T 1235-2025 Automotive millimeter-wave radar performance requirements and test methods English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS
T
Professional Standard of the People's Republic of China
QC/T 1235-2025
Automotive millimeter-wave radar performance requirements and test methods
车载毫米波雷达性能要求及试验方法
(English Translation)
Issue date: 2025-12-17 Implementation date: 2026-07-01
Issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Symbols and Abbreviations
5 Requirements
6 Test Methods
7 Inspection Rules
Appendix A (Normative) Radar Information for Testing and Host Computer Software Requirements
Appendix B (Informative) Road Testing
Appendix C (Informative) Radar Obstacle Performance Testing
Appendix D (Informative) Durability Testing
Appendix E (Informative) Calculation Models for Durability Testing
Bibliography
Performance Requirements and Test Methods for Vehicle-mounted Millimeter Wave Radar
1 Scope
This document specifies the performance requirements and test methods for vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar.
This document applies to millimeter wave radar used for the detection of external targets, operating in the frequency ranges of 76–77 GHz and 76–79 GHz (hereinafter referred to as "radar").
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents become essential provisions of this document through normative reference herein. For dated references, only the edition corresponding to that date applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies.
GB/T 1865-2009 Paints and varnishes-Artificial weathering and exposure to artificial radiation-Exposure to filtered xenon-arc radiation
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes-Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 18655-2018 Vehicles, boats, and internal combustion engines-Radio disturbance characteristics-Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
GB/T 18838.2 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products-Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives-Part 2: Chilled-iron grit
GB/T 19951-2019 Road vehicles-Electrical disturbances from electrostatic discharge-Test methods for electrical/electronic subassemblies
GB/T 21437.2-2021 Road vehicles-Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling-Part 2: Electrical transient conduction along supply lines only
GB/T 21437.3-2021 Road vehicles-Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling-Part 3: Electrical transient transmission by capacitive and inductive coupling via lines other than supply lines
GB/T 28046.2-2019 Road vehicles-Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment-Part 2: Electrical loads
GB/T 28046.3-2011 Road vehicles-Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment-Part 3: Mechanical loads
GB/T 28046.4-2011 Road vehicles-Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment-Part 4: Climatic loads
GB/T 28046.5-2013 Road vehicles-Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment-Part 5: Chemical loads
GB/T 30038-2013 Road vehicles-Degrees of protection (IP code) for electrical and electronic equipment
GB 34660-2017 Road vehicles-Electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test methods
GB/T 38186-2019 Commercial vehicles-Performance requirements and test methods for automatic emergency braking systems (AEBS)
GB/T 39265-2020 Road vehicles-Performance requirements and test methods for blind spot monitoring system (BSD)
GB/T 39323-2020 Passenger cars-Performance requirements and test methods for lane keeping assist systems (LKA)
GB/T 39901-2021 Passenger cars-Performance requirements and test methods for automatic emergency braking systems (AEBS)
GB/T 41796-2022 Commercial vehicles-Performance requirements and test methods for lane keeping assist systems
GB/T 44156-2024 Passenger cars-Performance requirements and test methods for rear cross traffic alert systems
GB/T XXXXX-XXXX Passenger cars-Performance requirements and test methods for door opening warning systems
ISO 20567-1:2017 Paints and varnishes-Determination of stone-chip resistance of coatings-Part 1: Multi-impact testing
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 Radar
A device that uses electromagnetic waves to detect targets and acquire target information. It transmits electromagnetic signals, receives echoes from targets within its coverage area, and extracts target position and other information from the echo signals.
3.2 Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave (FMCW) Radar
A continuous wave radar whose transmitted signal frequency is modulated according to a specific pattern.
3.3 Radar Operating Centre Frequency
The electromagnetic wave frequency at which the radar operates, also referred to as the carrier frequency of the radar's transmitted signal.
Note: The radar may operate at one or multiple centre frequencies.
3.4 Radar Operating Bandwidth
The frequency bandwidth within which the radar operates normally.
3.5 Frequency Linearity Deviation
The degree to which the modulation frequency of an FMCW radar deviates from the ideal value.
3.6 Effective Operating Bandwidth
The modulation bandwidth corresponding to the actual effective sampling time within the radar's operating bandwidth.
3.7 Modulation Frequency Deviation
The deviation between the actual modulation frequency and the ideal modulation frequency.
3.8 Power Flatness
The difference between the maximum and minimum power values within the radar's effective operating bandwidth.
3.9 Far Field
The region of an antenna's radiation field where the angular distribution of the radiated field is essentially independent of the distance from the antenna.
Note: In free space, if the maximum overall dimension D of the antenna is large compared to the wavelength λ, the far-field region is generally considered to exist at distances greater than 2D/λ from the antenna. For certain antennas (e.g., multibeam reflector antennas) whose far-field patterns are sensitive to phase variations over the aperture, 2D²/λ may not be sufficient.
3.10 Near Field
The space between the antenna and the far-field region, which can be further divided into the reactive near-field region and the radiating near-field region. The reactive near-field region is the portion of the near-field region immediately surrounding the antenna, where reactive fields predominate. The radiating near-field region is the portion of the near-field region between the far-field region and the reactive near-field region, where the angular field distribution depends on the distance from the antenna. For antennas focused at infinity, and by analogy with optical terminology, the radiating near-field region is sometimes referred to as the Fresnel region.
Note: For very short dipoles or equivalent radiators, only the reactive near-field region is generally considered, with its outer boundary existing at a distance of λ from the antenna surface.
3.11 Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (E.I.R.P.)
The product of the power supplied to the antenna and the antenna gain in a given direction relative to an isotropic antenna.
3.12 Detection Range
Under specified conditions, the spatial range within which the radar can detect a target and measure its coordinates.
3.13 Detection Coverage
