1 General Provisions
1.0.1 This code was formulated with a view to implementing the technical and economic policies of the State, reasonably selecting the structure scheme and building materials of bridges and culverts, and accomplishing technical advancement, safety and reliability, suitability and durability, and economy and rationality in the design of masonry bridges and culverts.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the structure design of ordinary highway masonry bridges and culverts.
1.0.3 This code was formulated in accordance with the principles and methods specified in the "Unified Standard for Reliability Design of Highway Engineering Structures" (GB/T 50283).
1.0.4 When the structure design of highway masonry bridges and culverts is carried out by adopting this code, the requirements of relevant national standards and codes shall also be met.
2 Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Masonry bridge and culvert
The bridge and culvert constructed with such masonry that is combined with stone or concrete (including its blocks and mortar or scree concrete) as the building material.
2.1.2 Limit state
When the entire structure or a part of the structure exceeds a certain specific state, then they can not meet a certain function requirement specified in the design. This specific state is the limit state of this function.
2.1.3 Characteristic value of material strength
It is the basic representative value of the material strength adopted when designing the structural members. This value may be determined by taking the quantile when the probability distribution of strength is 0.05 in accordance with the materials that comply with the specified standards.
2.1.4 Design value of material strength
The value obtained by dividing the characteristic value of material strength by the partial safety factor of material strength
2.1.5 Action
The concentrated force or distributed force applied on the structure, like the deadweight of automobiles and structures and it is referred to as the direct action and is also known as load; the reasons (like earthquake, non-uniform settlement of foundation and temperature variation, etc.) causing imposed deformation or constrained deformation of the structure are referred to as indirect action. These two kinds of action are collectively referred to as action.
2.1.6 Characteristic value of an action
It is the main representative value of an action. Its value may be determined in accordance with a certain quantile of the most probable distribution within design reference period.
2.1.7 Effect of an action
The reaction of an action applied on the structure is referred to as the effect of an action. For example: the axial force, bending moment, shear force, stress, crack, deformation and the like of the structure or member that are produced due to an action.
2.1.8 Safety class
The design safety class divided in accordance with the severity of consequences generated by the structural damages of bridges and culverts so as to make the bridges and culverts have reasonable safety.
2.1.9 Coefficient for importance of a structure
The additional partial safety factor adopted for the effect of an action to make those structures of different safety classes have the specified reliability.
2.1.10 Partial safety factor
The factor adopted in the design equation of the limit state of structure in order to guarantee the designed structure or member having the specified reliability, which is divided into partial safety factor of action and partial safety factor of material.
1 General Provisions
2 Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Materials
3.1 Strength Grade of Materials
3.2 Basic Requirements of Materials
3.3 Design Indices of Materials
4 Design and Calculation of Members
5 Arch Bridges
5.1 Calculation of Arch Bridges
5.2 Arch Bridge Formation
5.3 Checking Calculation during the Construction Stage of Arch Bridges
6 Piers and Abutments
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Piers and Abutments of Girder Bridge and Slab Bridge
6.3 Pier and Abutment of Arch Bridge
7 Culverts
Appendix A Strength Conversion Coefficient of Stone Specimen and Classification of Stone Masonry
Appendix B Calculation and Setting of the Pre-camber of Arch Bridge
Explanation of Wording in This Code
