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Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is drafted by the standard drafting group through extensive investigation, careful summarization of practical experience, reference to relevant international and foreign advanced standards and widely soliciting for opinions according to the requirements of "Notice on printing and distributing the development and revision plan on engineering construction standards in 2010" (JIANBIAO [2010] No. 43) of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. Main technical contents of this standard: 1. General provisions; 2. Terms; 3. Building land and site planning; 4. Architectural design; 5. Building service The main technical contents in the revision of this standard are: 1. the applicable scope of the standard is revised, and the inapplicable scope of this standard is defined; 2. the relevant contents of the architectural design and building service are supplemented and revised; 3. terms are added. The provisions printed in bold type in this standard are compulsory and must be enforced strictly. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is in charge of the administration of this standard and the explanation of the compulsory provision, and China Northeast Architectural Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. is responsible for the explanation of specific technical contents. During the process of implementation, the opinions and suggestions, if any, can be posted to China Northeast Architectural Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. (Address: No.65, Guangrong Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, post code: 110006). Standard for design of dietetic buildings 1 General provisions 1.0.1 This standard is formulated with a view to implementing the national technical and economic policies in the design of dietetic buildings and making the design be applicable, safe, hygienic, economic, energy-saving and eco-friendly. 1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the design of newly-built, expanded and reconstructed dietetic buildings with dining space, including single or auxiliary dietetic building in public buildings such as hotels, businesses, and offices. It is not applicable to the design of central kitchen and dietary kitchen in collective meal delivery unit, hospital and sanatorium. 1.0.3 The dietetic buildings may be classified into restaurant, fast food restaurant, cafeteria and canteen according to the business pattern, food production methods and service characteristics. 1.0.4 The dietetic buildings may be classified into extra-large, large, medium and small types according to the building scale, and shall meet the requirements of Tables 1.0.4-1 and 1.0.4-2. Table 1.0.4-1 Building scale of restaurant, fast food restaurant and cafeteria Building scale Building area (m2) or number of seats in the dining area (seat) Extra-large Area > 3000 or number of seats > 1000 Large 500 < area ≤ 3000 or 250 < number of seats ≤ 1000 Medium 150 < area ≤ 500 or 75 < number of seats ≤ 250 Small Area ≤ 150 or number of seats ≤ 75 Note: the building area in the table refers to the area directly or indirectly related to the food production and supply, including dining area, kitchen area and the auxiliary area. Table 1.0.4-2 Building scale of canteen Building scale Small Medium Large Extra-large The number of people served by canteen (person) Number of people ≤ 100 100 < number of people ≤ 1000 1000 < number of people ≤ 5000 Number of people > 5000 Note: the scale of canteen is divided based on the number of people served by canteen. The number of people served by canteen refers to the number of all diners in the canteen within dining period. 1.0.5 The design of dietetic buildings shall provide the consumer with a hygienic, safe and comfortable dining environment and provide the working personnel with safe, efficient and convenient working conditions according to different types and scales of buildings. 1.0.6 The design of dietetic buildings shall comply with the local conditions and be in combination with the local economic and technical development level to meet the requirements of safety, hygienics, environmental protection and land, energy, water and material saving. 1.0.7 The design of dietetic buildings shall not only comply with this standard, but also comply with those stipulated in the current national standards. 2 Terms 2.0.1 restaurant business places where consumers are invited to dine or guests are entertained, which provides the consumers with various meals, wines and drinks, excluding fast food restaurant, cafeteria and canteen. 2.0.2 fast food restaurant (refreshment store) business places which provide the consumers with convenient and efficient meals and drinks in a short time, where the food is collectively processed and delivered, and simply processed and collocated in subbranches 2.0.3 cafeteria business places which provide the consumers with comfortable and relaxing recreational environment, coffee, wines and other cold and hot drinks as well as fruit and vegetables, desserts and quick meals, including bars, cafes, tea houses and so on 2.0.4 mess hall (canteen) places which are located in institutions, schools, enterprises and public institutions and provide the employees and students with meals; generally, they have the characteristics of diverse diets, fixed consumer group and concentrated supply time 2.0.5 buffet restaurant place where customers go to pickup counter to select the food randomly after paying according to the selected food or the same fixed amount, which is a special form of restaurant, fast food restaurant and canteen 2.0.6 dining area places in dietetic buildings for dinning of the customers, including various restaurants, private rooms etc. 2.0.7 staple food processing section area (room) processing areas where food materials like rice, flours, beans and coarse cereals are processed into semi-finished products, which is also referred to as staple food primary processing section area (room) 2.0.8 staple food hot processing section area (room) operating places where the staple food semi-finished products are braised, stewed, roasted, fried, deeply fried etc. 2.0.9 subsidiary food raw processing area (room) processing places where the subsidiary food materials like vegetables, meats and aquatic products are chosen, sorted, unfrozen, cleaned and inedible part is removed 2.0.10 subsidiary food fine processing area (room) processing places where the subsidiary food subjecting to raw processing is washed, cut, weighed, blended and processed into semi-finished products, which is also referred to as cut distribution area (room) 2.0.11 cooking section for subsidiary food area (room) processing places where the raw materials or semi-finished products subjecting to fine processing and cut distribution are fried, stewed, roasted, baked, braised etc., which is also referred to as cooking area (room) and cooking hot processing area (room) 2.0.12 special processing room for flavored restaurant processing rooms like duck and goose roasting rooms, which may be arranged according to the demand and the hot processing room shall be arranged according to this standard 2.0.13 kitchen special room special operating rooms where ready-to-eat food is processed or stored for a short time, including cold dish room, decorating room, raw seafood room etc. 2.0.14 cold dish room places where the cooked or pickled food is simply produced, blended and stored for a short time, and the food may be eaten without heating, which is also referred to as cold appetizers room, cooked food room, braised food room etc. 2.0.15 raw seafood room places where the aquatic products like fishes, seashells, siphonopods etc. that grown in the sea and may be eaten without hot processing are processed, blended and stored for a short time 2.0.16 decorating room places where the surface of cookie sheet which is made of sugar, grain, oil and eggs through baking processing is decorated with cream or margarine to make pastry food and then the food is processed, collocated and stored for a short time 2.0.17 pantry section area (room) special places where staple food or subsidiary food is sorted, sub-packaged, distributed and the ready-to-eat food is arranged for temporary 2.0.18 decontamination room operating places where the tableware and instruments and apparatus in direct contact with the ready-to-eat food are cleaned and decontaminated 2.0.19 tableware storage area (room) places where the cleaned and decontaminated tableware and instruments and apparatus in direct contact with the ready-to-eat food are stored 2.0.20 store room it includes food store rooms and non-food store rooms; food store rooms include staple food store room and subsidiary food store room, and non-food store rooms include groceries room etc. 2.0.21 food conveying elevator car elevator dedicated for vertically conveying the raw materials and finished staple and subsidiary food, which is also referred to as pass food elevator and pantry elevator 3 Building land and site planning 3.0.1 The design of dietetic buildings must comply with the requirements of local urban planning and management departments such as food safety, environmental protection and fire protection. 3.0.2 The site selection of dietetic buildings shall strictly comply with the relevant requirements of the local environmental protection and food and drug safety management departments for distance from dust, harmful gases, harmful liquids, radioactive substances and other diffuse pollution sources. The distance from other open pollution sources harmful to public hygiene shall not be less than 25m. 3.0.3 The entrances for people and food in the land of dietetic buildings shall be arranged separately. The entrance for customers and logistical personnel should also be arranged separately. 3.0.4 For dietetic buildings, effective measures shall be taken to prevent the cooking fumes, odors, noises and wastes from polluting the adjacent buildings or environment and shall meet the relevant requirements in the current professional standard HJ 554 Specification for environmental protection of catering trade. 4 Architectural design 4.1 General requirements 4.1.1 The functional space of dietetic building may be divided into four areas: dining area, kitchen area, public area and auxiliary area. The division of area and the composition of various types of rooms should meet the requirements of Table 4.1.1. Table 4.1.1 Area division of dietetic buildings and various types of rooms Area classification Examples of various types of rooms Dining area Banquet hall, various restaurants, private rooms, etc. Kitchen area Restaurants, canteens and fast food restaurants Staple food processing section area (room) [including staple food production section area (room), staple food hot processing section area (room), etc.], subsidiary food processing area (room) [including subsidiary food raw processing area (room), subsidiary food fine processing area (room), cooking section for subsidiary food area (room), etc.], kitchen special room (including cold dish room, raw seafood room, decorating room, etc.), pantry section area (room), decontamination room, tableware storage area (room), cleaning tool storage area (room), etc. Cafeteria Processing area (room) [including raw material preparation, hot processing, cold food production, other production and refrigerated area (room), etc.], cold (hot) beverage processing area (room) [including raw material grinding preparation, beverage cooking, cooling and storage area (room), etc.], dessert and snack production area (room), food storage area (room), decorating room, decontamination room, tableware storage area (room), cleaning tool storage area (room), etc. Public area Entrance hall, gallery, waiting area, lobby, lounge, public rest room, food ordering area, song and dance stage, cash desk (front desk), meal ticket (card) sale (recharge) center and take-out window, etc. Auxiliary area Food store room (including staple food store room, vegetable store room, dry cargo store room, refrigerated store room, spice store room and beverage store room), non-food store room, office and changing room of staff, shower room, rest room, cleaning room, dustbin room, etc. Notes: 1 Kitchen special room, cold food production room and decontamination room shall be arranged separately. 2 Various types of rooms may be added, deleted or merged in the same space as needed. 4.1.2 The minimum use area of each seat in dining area should meet the requirements of Table 4.1.2. Table 4.1.2 Minimum use area of each seat in dining area (m2/seat) Classification Restaurant Fast food restaurant Cafeteria Canteen Index 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.0 Note: the minimum use area of each seat in fast food restaurant may be properly reduced according to actual needs. 4.1.3 For the dietetic buildings attached to commercial buildings, the fire compartment division and the calculation of number of safe evacuation persons shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of commercial buildings in the current national standard GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings. 4.1.4 The ratio of the sum of kitchen area and food store room area to the dining area should meet the requirements of Table 4.1.4. Tale 4.1.4 Ratio of sum of kitchen area and food store room to dining area Classification Building scale Ratio of the sum of kitchen area and food store room area to dining area Restaurant Small ≥1:2.0 Medium-sized ≥1:2.2 Large ≥1:2.5 Super large ≥1:3.0 Fast food restaurant Small ≥1:2.5 Cafeteria Medium-sized and above 1:3.0 Canteen Small The sum of kitchen area and food store room area is not less than 30m2 Medium-sized The sum of kitchen area and food store room area is increased by 0.3m2 for each additional person based on the service of more than 100 persons on the basis of 30m2. Large and super large The sum of kitchen area and food store room area is increased by 0.2m2 for each additional person based on the service of more than 1000 persons on 300m2 basis. Notes: 1 The area shown in the table is the usable area. 2 For the dietetic buildings processed by semi-finished product, hot pot restaurant and barbecue restaurant, the ratio of the sum of kitchen area and food store room to the dining area may be determined according to actual needs. 4.1.5 Passenger elevators should be installed in restaurants and cafeterias in the second floor and above as well as in fast food restaurants in the third floor and above; escalators should be installed in large and super large canteens in the second floor and above. 4.1.6 Rooms with water such as toilets, rest rooms, lavatory, bathrooms, etc. of buildings shall not be arranged on the immediate upper floor of kitchen area and dining area. Where it is difficult to arrange on the immediate upper floor of dining area, the same floor of drainage and strict waterproof measures shall be taken. 4.1.7 In dining area, kitchen area and food storage room, effective measures shall be taken to prevent rodents, flies and other harmful animals as well as prevent dust, moisture and odor and facilitate ventilation. 4.1.8 The floor of dining area, public area and kitchen area shall be anti-skidding and shall meet the relevant requirements of the current professional standard JGJ/T 331 Technical specification for slip resistance of building floor. 4.1.9 The finished oil separation device located in the building shall be arranged in a special oil separation equipment room, and the equipment room shall meet the following requirements: 1 shall meet the requirements for daily operation, maintenance and overhaul of oil separation device; 2 hand wash basin, flushing spout and floor drainage facilities shall be arranged; 3 ventilation and exhaust device shall be provided. 4.1.10 The design of kitchen using fuel gas shall meet the relevant requirements of the current national standard GB 50028 Code for design of city gas engineering; 4.1.11 The restaurant building shall be subject to barrier-free design and meet the relevant requirements of the current national standard GB 50763 Codes for accessibility design; 4.2 Dining area and public area 4.2.1 The indoor net height of dining area shall meet the following requirements: 1 it should not be less than 2.6m for dining area. Where central air conditioner is arranged, it shall not be less than 2.4m; Foreword i 1 General provisions 2 Terms 3 Building land and site planning 4 Architectural design 4.4 Auxiliary area 5 Building service 5.1 Water supply and drainage 5.2 Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning 5.3 Building electrical Explanation of wording in this standard List of quoted standards UDC 中华人民共和国行业标准 JGJ 64—2017 备案号J 2394—2017 饮食建筑设计标准 Standard for design of dietetic buildings 2017—07—31发布 2018—02—01实施 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部 发布 前言 根据住房和城乡建设部《关于印发(2010年度工程建设标准制订、修订计划)的通知》(建标[2010] 43号)的要求,标准编制组经广泛调查研究,认真总结实践经验,参考有关国际标准和国外先进标准,并在广泛征求意见的基础上,修订了本标准。 本标准主要技术内容是:1.总则;2.术语;3.基地和总平面;4.建筑设计;5.建筑设备。 本标准修订的主要技术内容是:1.修改了标准的适用范围,并明确了标准的不适用范围;2.补充和修订了建筑设计及建筑设备等部分的相关内容;3.增加了术语。 本标准中以黑体字标志的条文为强制性条文,必须严格执行。 本标准由住房和城乡建设部负责管理和对强制性条文的解释,由中国建筑东北设计研究院有限公司负责具体技术内容的解释。执行过程中如有意见和建议,请寄送中国建筑东北设计研究院有限公司(地址:辽宁省沈阳市和平区光荣街65号,邮编:110006)。 本标准主编单位:中国建筑东北设计研究院有限公司 本标准参编单位:中南建筑设计院股份有限公司 重庆大学建筑城规学院 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 中国烹饪协会 本标准主要审查人员:车学娅 李子萍 任向东 徐宏庆 沈育祥 杨适伟 曹辉 包大跃 秦东智 1 总 则 1.0.1为在饮食建筑设计中贯彻执行国家的技术经济政策,做到适用、安全、卫生、经济、节能和环保,制定本标准。 1.0.2本标准适用于新建、扩建和改建的有就餐空间的饮食建筑设计,包括单建和附建在旅馆、商业、办公等公共建筑中的饮食建筑。不适用于中央厨房、集体用餐配送单位、医院和疗养院的营养厨房设计。 1.0.3按经营方式、饮食制作方式及服务特点划分,饮食建筑可分为餐馆、快餐店、饮品店、食堂等四类。 1.0.4饮食建筑按建筑规模可分为特大型、大型、中型和小型,并应符合表1.0.4-1及表1.0.4-2的规定。 表1.0.4-1餐馆、快餐店、饮品店的建筑规模 建筑规模 建筑面积(m2)或用餐区域座位数(座) 特大型 面积>3000或座位数>1 000 大型 500<面积≤3000或250<座位数≤1000 中型 150<面积≤500或75<座位数≤250 小型 面积≤150或座位数≤75 注:表中建筑面积指与食品制作供应直接或间接相关区域的建筑面积,包括用餐区域、厨房区域和辅助区域。 表1.0.4-2食堂的建筑规模 建筑规模 小型 中型 大型 特大型 食堂服务的人数 (人) 人数≤100 100<人数 ≤1000 1000<人数 ≤5000 人数>5000 注:食堂按服务的人数划分规模。食堂服务的人数指就餐时段内食堂供餐的全部就餐者人数。 1.0.5饮食建筑设计应根据不同类型和规模的需求,为消费者提供卫生、安全和舒适的就餐环境,为工作人员提供安全、高效、便捷的工作条件。 1.0.6饮食建筑设计应因地制宜,与当地的经济和技术发展水平相结合,符合安全卫生、环境保护、节地、节能、节水、节材等的有关规定。 1.0.7饮食建筑设计除应符合本标准外,尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。 2术 语 2.0.1餐馆restaurant 接待消费者就餐或宴请宾客的营业性场所。为消费者提供各式餐点和酒水、饮料,不包括快餐店、饮品店、食堂。 2.0.2快餐店fast food restaurant(refreshment store) 能在短时间内为消费者提供方便快捷的餐点、饮料等的营业性场所,食品加工供应形式以集中加工配送,在分店简单加工和配餐供应为主。 2.0.3饮品店cafeteria 为消费者提供舒适、放松的休闲环境,并供应咖啡、酒水等冷热饮料及果蔬、甜品和简餐为主的营业性场所,包括酒吧、咖啡厅、茶馆等。 2.0.4食堂mess hall(canteen) 设于机关、学校和企事业单位内部,供应员工、学生就餐的场所,一般具有饮食品种多样、消费人群固定、供餐时间集中等特点。 2.0.5 自助餐厅buffet restaurant 顾客以自选、自取的方式到取餐台选取食品,根据所取食品的样数付账或支付同定金额后任意选取食品,是餐馆、快餐店、食堂餐厅的一种特殊形式。 2.0.6用餐区域dining area 饮食建筑内供消费者就餐的场所,包括各类餐厅、包间等。 2.0.7主食制作区(间) staple food processing section area(room) 将米、面、豆类及杂粮等食材制作成待熟制半成品的加工场所,也称主食初加工区(间)。 2.0.8主食热加工区(间) staple food hot processing section area(room) 对主食半成品进行蒸、煮、烤、烙、煎、炸等熟制加工的操作场所。 2.0.9副食粗加工区(间) subsidiary food raw processing area(room) 对蔬菜、肉类、水产等副食品原料进行挑拣、整理、解冻、清洗、剔除不可食用部分等的加工处理场所。 2.0.10副食细加工区(间) subsidiary food fine processing area(room) 把经过粗加工的副食品进行洗、切、称量、拼配等加工处理成为半成品的操作场所,也称切配区(间)。 2.0.11副食热加工区(间) cooking section for subsidiary food area(room) 对经过细加工、切配的原料或半成品进行煎、炒、炸、焖、煮、烤、烘、蒸及其他熟制加工处理的操作场所,也称烹饪区(间)、烹调热加工区(间)。 2.0.12风味餐馆的特殊加工间 special processing room for flavored restaurant 包括烤鸭、鹅等烤炉间或其他加工间等,可根据需要设置,其热加工间应按本标准要求设置。 2.0.13厨房专间kitchen special room 处理或短时间存放直接入口食品的专用操作间,包括冷荤间、裱花间、生食海鲜间等。 2.0.14冷荤间cold dish room 对经过烹制成熟或腌渍入味后的食品进行简单制作并拼配装盘、短时间存放的场所,制成的菜肴无需加热即可食用,又称凉菜间、冷菜间、熟食间、卤味间等。 2.0.15生食海鲜间raw seafood room 对不经过加热处理即供食用的生长于海洋的鱼类、贝壳类、头足类等水产品的加工、拼配、短时间存放的场所。 2.0.16 裱花间decorating room 对以糖、粮、油、蛋为主要原料经焙烤加工而成的糕点胚,在其表面裱以奶油、人造奶油等制成糕点食品的加工、拼配、短时间存放的场所。 2.0.17备餐区(间)pantry section area(room) 主、副食成品的整理、分装、分发及暂时置放直接入口食品的专用场所。 2.0.18餐用具洗消间decontamination room 对餐饮用具和接触直接入口食品的工具、容器进行清洗、消毒的操作场所。 2.0.19餐用具存放区(间)tableware storage area(room) 存放经清洗、消毒后的餐饮用具和接触直接入口食品的工具、容器的场所。 2.0.20库房store room 包括食品库房和非食品库房。食品库房包括主食库、副食库等;非食品库房包括杂品库等。 2.0.21 食梯 food conveying elevator 专门用于垂直运输原料、主副食成品的厢式电梯,又称传菜电梯、餐梯。 3基地和总平面 3.0.1饮食建筑的设计必须符合当地城市规划以及食品安金、环境保护和消防等管理部门的要求。 3.0.2饮食建筑的选址应严格执行当地环境保护和食品药品安全管理部门对粉尘、有害气体、有害液体、放射性物质和其他扩散性污染源距离要求的相关规定。与其他有碍公共卫生的开敞式污染源的距离不应小于25m。 3.0.3饮食建筑基地的人流出入口和货流出入口应分开设置。顾客出入口和内部后勤人员出入口宜分开设置。 3.0.4饮食建筑应采取有效措施防止油烟、气味、噪声及废弃物对邻近建筑物或环境造成污染,并应符合现行行业标准《饮食业环境保护技术规范》HJ 554的相关规定。 4建筑设计 4.1一般规定 4.1.1饮食建筑的功能空间可划分为用餐区域、厨房区域、公共区域和辅助区域等四个区域。区域的划分及各类用房的组成宜符合表4.1.1的规定。 表4.1.1饮食建筑的区域划分及各类用房组成 区域分类 各类用房举例 用餐区域 宴会厅、各类餐厅、包间等 厨房区域 餐馆、食堂、快餐店 主食加工区(间)[包括主食制作、主食热加工区(间)等]、副食加工区(间)包括副食粗加工、副食细加工、副食热加工区(间)等]、厨房专间(包括冷荤间、生食海鲜间、裱花间等)、备餐区(间)、餐用具洗消间、餐用具存放区(间)、清扫工具存放区(间)等 饮品店 加工区(间)[包括原料调配、热加工、冷食制作、其他制作及冷藏区(间)等]、冷(热)饮料加工区(间)[包括原料研磨配制、饮料煮制、冷却和存放区(间)等]、点心和简餐制作区(间)、食品存放区(间),裱花间、餐用具洗消间、餐用具存放区(间)、清扫工具存放区(间)等 公共区域 门厅、过厅、等候区、大堂、休息厅(室)、公共卫生闻、点菜区、歌舞台、收款处(前台)、饭票(卡)出售(充值)处及外卖窗口等 辅助区域 食品库房(包括主食库、蔬菜库、干货库、冷藏库、调料库、饮料库)、非食品库房、办公用房及工作人员更衣间、淋浴间、卫生间、清洁间、垃圾间等 注:1厨房专间、冷食制作间、餐用具洗消间应单独设置。 2各类用房可根据需要增添、删减或合并在同一空间 4.1.2用餐区域每座最小使用面积宜符合表4.1.2的规定。 表4.1.2用餐区域每座最小使用面积(m2/座) 分类 餐馆 快餐店 饮品店 食堂 指标 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.0 注:快餐店每座最小使用面积可以根据实际需要适当减少 4.1.3附建在商业建筑中的饮食建筑,其防火分区划分和安全疏散人数计算应按现行国家标准《建筑设计防火规范》GB 50016中商业建筑的相关规定执行。 4.1.4厨房区域和食品库房面积之和与用餐区域面积之比宜符合表4.1.4的规定。 表4.1.4厨房区域和食品库房面积之和与用餐区域面积之比 分类 建筑规模 厨房区域和食品库房面积之和与用餐区域面积之比 餐馆 小型 ≥1:2.0 中型 ≥1:2.2 大型 ≥1:2.5 特大型 ≥1:3.0 快餐店、 小型 ≥1:2.5 饮品店 中型及中型以上 1:3.0 食堂 小型 厨房区域和食品库房面积之和不小于30m2 中型 厨房区域和食品库房面积之和在30m2的基础上按照服务100人以上每增加1人增加0.3m2 大型及特大型 厨房区域和食品库房面积之和在300m2的基础上按服务1000人以上每增加1人增加0.2m2 注:1 表中所示面积为使用面积。 2使用半成品加工的饮食建筑以及单纯经营火锅、烧烤等的餐馆,厨房区域和食品库房面积之和与用餐区域面积之比可根据实际需要确定。 4.1.5位于二层及二层以上的餐馆、饮品店和位于三层及三层以上的快餐店宜设置乘客电梯;位于二层及二层以上的大型和特大型食堂宜设置自动扶梯。 4.1.6建筑物的厕所、卫生间、盥洗室、浴室等有水房间不应布置在厨房区域的直接上层,并应避免布置在用餐区域的直接上层。确有困难布置在用餐区域直接上层时应采取同层排水和严格的防水措施。 4.1.7用餐区域、厨房区域、食品库房等用房应采取防鼠、防蝇和防其他有害动物及防尘、防潮、防异味、通风等有效措施。 4.1.8用餐区域、公共区域和厨房区域的楼地面应采用防滑设计,并应满足现行行业标准《建筑地面工程防滑技术规程》JGJ/T 331中的相关要求。 4.1.9位于建筑物内的成品隔油装置,应设于专门的隔油设备间内,且设备间应符合下列要求: 1应满足隔油装置的日常操作以及维护和检修的要求; 2应设洗手盆、冲洗水嘴和地面排水设施; 3应有通风排气装置。 4.1.10使用燃气的厨房设计应符合现行国家标准《城镇燃气设计规范》GB 50028的相关规定; 4.1.11餐饮建筑应进行无障碍设计,并应符合现行国家标准《无障碍设计规范》GB 50763的规定。 4.2 用餐区域和公共区域 4.2.1用餐区域的室内净高应符合下列规定: 1用餐区域不宜低于2.6m,设集中空调时,室内净高不应低于2.4m; 2设置夹层的用餐区域,室内净高最低处不应低于2.4m。 4.2.2用餐区域采光、通风应良好。天然采光时,侧面采光窗洞口面积不宜小于该厅地面面积的1/6。直接自然通风时,通风开口面积不应小于该厅地面面积的1/16。无自然通风的餐厅应设机械通风排气设施。 4.2.3用餐区域的室内各部分面层均应采用不易积垢、易清洁的材料。 4.2.4食堂用餐区域售饭口(台)应采用光滑、不渗水和易清洁的材料。 4.2.5公共区域的卫生间设计应符合下列规定: 1公共卫生间宜设置前室,卫生间的门不宜直接开向用餐区域,卫生洁具应采用水冲式; 2卫生间宜利用天然采光和自然通风,并应设置机械排风设施; 3未单独设置卫生间的用餐区域应设置洗手设施,并宜设儿童用洗手设施; 4卫生设施数量的确定应符合现行行业标准《城市公共厕所设计标准》CJJ l4对餐饮类功能区域公共卫生间设施数量的规定及现行国家标准《无障碍设计规范》GB 50763的相关规定; 5有条件的卫生间宜提供为婴儿更换尿布的设施。 4.3厨房区域 4.3.1餐馆、快餐店和食堂的厨房区域可根据使用功能选择设置下列各部分: 1主食加工区(间)——包括主食制作和主食热加工区(间); 2副食加工区(间)——包括副食粗加工、副食细加工、副食热加工区(间)及风味餐馆的特殊加工间; 3厨房专间——包括冷荤间、生食海鲜间、裱花间等,厨房专间应单独设置隔间; 4备餐区(间)——包括主食备餐、副食备餐区(间)、食品留样区(间); 5餐用具洗涤消毒间与餐用具存放区(间),餐用具洗涤消毒间应单独设置。 4.3.2饮品店的厨房区域可根据经营性质选择设置下列各部分: 1加工区(间)——包括原料调配、热加工、冷食制作、其他制作区(间)及冷藏场所等,冷食制作应单独设置隔间; 2冷、热饮料加工区(间)——包括原料研磨配制、饮料煮制、冷却和存放区(间)等; 3点心、简餐等制作的房间内容可参照本标准第4.3.1条规定的有关部分; 4餐用具洗涤消毒间应单独设置。 4.3.3厨房区域应按原料进入、原料处理、主食加工、副食加工、备餐、成品供应、餐用具洗涤消毒及存放的工艺流程合理布局,食品加工处理流程应为生进熟出单一流向,并应符合下列规定: 1副食粗加工应分设蔬菜、肉禽、水产工作台和清洗池,粗加工后的原料送入细加工区不应反流; 2冷荤成品、生食海鲜、裱花蛋糕等应在厨房专间内拼配,在厨房专间入口处应设置有洗手、消毒、更衣设施的通过式预进间; 3垂直运输的食梯应原料、成品分设。 4.3.4使用半成品加工的饮食建筑以及单纯经营火锅、烧烤等的餐馆,可在本标准第4.3.3条的基础上根据实际情况简化厨房的工艺流程。使用外部供应预包装的成品冷荤、生食海鲜、裱花蛋糕等可不设置厨房专间。 4.3.5厨房区域各类加工制作场所的室内净高不宜低于2.5m。 4.3.6厨房区域各类加工间的工作台边或设备边之间的净距应符合食品安全操作规范和防火疏散宽度的要求。 4.3.7厨房区域加工间天然采光时,其侧面采光窗洞口面积不宜小于地面面积的1/6;自然通风时,通风开口面积不应小于地面面积的1/10。 4.3.8厨房区域各加工场所的室内构造应符合下列规定: 1楼地面应采用无毒、无异味、不易积垢、不渗水、易清洗、耐磨损的材料; 2楼地面应处理好防水、排水,排水沟内阴角宜采用圆弧形; 3楼地面不宜设置台阶; 4墙面、隔断及工作台、水池等设施均应采用无毒、无异味、不透水、易清洁的材料,各阴角宜做成曲率半径为3cm以上的弧形; 5厨房专间、备餐区等清洁操作区内不得设置排水明沟,地漏应能防止浊气逸出; 6顶棚应选用无毒、无异味、不吸水、表面光洁、耐腐蚀、耐湿的材料,水蒸气较多的房间顶棚宜有适当坡度,减少凝结水滴落; 7粗加工区(间)、细加工区(间)、餐用具洗消间、厨房专间等应采用光滑、不吸水、耐用和易清洗材料墙面。 4.3.9厨房区域各加工区(间)内宜设置洗手设施;厨房区域应设拖布池和清扫工具存放空间,大型以上饮食建筑宜设置独立隔间。 4.3.10厨房有明火的加工区应采用耐火极限不低于2.00h的防火隔墙与其他部位分隔.隔墙上的门、窗应采用乙级防火门、窗。 4.3.11厨房有明火的加工区(间)上层有餐厅或其他用房时,其外墙开口上方应设置宽度不小于1.0m、长度不小于开口宽度的防火挑檐;或在建筑外墙上下层开口之间设置高度不小于1.2m的实体墙。 4.4辅助区域 4.4.1饮食建筑辅助部分主要由食品库房、非食品库房、办公用房、工作人员更衣间、淋浴间、卫生间、值班室及垃圾和清扫工具存放场所等组成,上述空间可根据实际需要选择设置。 4.4.2饮食建筑食品库房宜根据食材和食品分类设置,并应根据实际需要设置冷藏及冷冻设施,设置冷藏库时应符合现行国家标准《冷库设计规范》GB 50072的相关规定。 4.4.3饮食建筑食品库房天然采光时,窗洞面积不宜小于地面面积的1/10。饮食建筑食品库房自然通风时,通风开口面积不应小于地面面积的1/20。 4.4.4工作人员更衣间应邻近主、副食加工场所,宜按全部工作人员男女分设。更衣间入口处应设置洗手、干手消毒设施。 4.4.5饮食建筑辅助区域应按全部工作人员最大班人数分别设置男、女卫生间,卫生间应设在厨房区域以外并采用水冲式洁具。卫生间前室应设置洗手设施,宜设置干手消毒设施。前室门不应朝向用餐区域、厨房区域和食品库房。卫生设施数量应符合现行行业标准《城市公共厕所设计标准》CJJ 14的规定。 4.4.6清洁间和垃圾间应合理设置,不应影响食品安全,其室内装修应方便清洁。垃圾间位置应方便垃圾外运。垃圾间内应设置独立的排气装置,垃圾应分类储存、干湿分离,厨余垃圾应有单独容器储存。 5建筑设备 5.1给水排水 5.1.1饮食建筑应设置给水排水系统,且用水定额及给水排水系统的设计应符合现行国家标准《建筑给水排水设计规范》GB 50015的有关规定。 5.1.2饮食建筑的生活饮用水水质应符合现行国家标准《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB 5749的有关规定。 5.1.3冷冻或空调设备采用水冷却时,应采用循环冷却水系统。 5.1.4卫生器具和配件应采用节水型产品。厨房专间洗手盆(池)水嘴宜采用非手动开关。 5.1.5厨房给水排水管道宜采用金属管道。 5.1.6厨房排水应符合下列规定: 1采用排水沟时,排水沟与排水管道连接处应设置格栅或带网框地漏,并应设水封装置; 2采用管道时,其管径应比计算管径大一级,且干管管径不应小于100mm,支管管径不应小于75mm。 5.1.7厨房含油废水应进行隔油处理,隔油处理设施宜采用成品隔油装置。 5.1.8 对于可能结露的给水排水管道,应采取防结露措施。 5.2供暖通风与空气调节 5.2.1饮食建筑应根据规模、使用要求、所在气候区等选择设置供暖、通风或空气调节系统;并应根据当地的气象、水文、地质条件及能源情况等,选择经济合理的系统形式及冷、热源方式。 5.2.2室内设计参数应符合下列规定: 1供暖房间室内设计温度应符合表5.2.2-1的规定; 表5.2.2-1供暖房间室内设计温度 房间名称 室内设计温度(℃) 用餐区域 16~22 公共区域 16~20 厨房区域 10~16 干菜、饮料库 8~10 蔬菜库 5 洗消间 16~20 2空调房间室内设计参数应符合表5.2.2-2的规定; 表5.2.2-2空调房间室内设计参数 房间名称 室内温度(℃) 室内湿度(%) 室内风速(m/s) 夏季 冬季 夏季 冬季 夏季 冬季 用餐区域 24~28 18~24 ≤65 ≥30 ≤0.3 ≤0.2 公共区域 26~28 18~22 ≤65 ≥30 ≤0.3 ≤0.2 食品、酒水库 按储存要求 ≥5 — — — — 3用餐区域、公共区域噪声不应大于60dB(A); 4餐馆、饮品店用餐区域、公共区域的新风量不应小于25m3/(h·人),食堂、快餐店用餐区域、公共区域的新风量不应小于23m3/(h·人),并应保证稀释室内污染物所需的新风量。 5.2.3供暖通风及空气调节系统的设计应符合下列规定: 1设供暖时,严禁采用有火灾隐患的供暖装置; 2平面面积较大、内外分区特征明显的饮食建筑,宜按内外区分别设置空调风系统; 3大型、特大型饮食建筑内区全年有供冷要求时,供暖季节宜采用室外新风或天然冷源供冷; 4设有空调系统的用餐区域、公共区域,当过渡季节自然通风不能满足室内温度及卫生要求时,应采用机械通风,并应满足室内风量平衡要求; 5火锅店、烧烤店宜设置排风罩,并应满足室内风量平衡要求; 6空调及机械送风系统应设空气过滤装置,送风系统过滤器对大于或等于2μm的大气尘计数效率不应低于50%,空调系统终极过滤器对于大于或等于0.5μm的大气尘计数效率不应低于40%; 7用餐区域、公共区域的空气调节系统宜采取基于CO2浓度控制的新风调节措施; 8厨房专间空调应独立设置。 5.2.4 厨房区域应设通风系统,其设计应符合下列规定: 1除厨房专间外的厨房区域加工制作区(间)的空气压力应维持负压,房间负压值宜为5Pa~10Pa,以防止油烟等污染餐厅及公共区域; 2热加工区(间)宜采用机械排风,当措施可靠时,也可采用出屋面的排风竖井或设有挡风板的天窗等有效自然通风措施; 3产生油烟的设备,应设机械排风系统,且应设油烟净化装置,排放的气体应满足国家有关排放标准的要求,排油烟系统不应采用土建风道; 4产生大量蒸汽的设备,应设机械排风系统,且应有防止结露或凝结水排放的措施; 5设有风冷式冷藏设备的房间应设通风系统,通风量应满足设备排热的要求; 6厨房区域加工制作区(间)宜设岗位送风,夏热冬冷和夏热冬暖地区夏季的送风温度不宜高于26℃,严寒和寒冷地区冬季的送风温度不宜低于20℃。 5.3电 气 5.3.1饮食建筑电气负荷,应根据其重要性和中断供电所造成的影响和损失程度分级,并应符合下列规定: 1特大型饮食建筑的用餐区域、公共区域的备用照明用电应为一级负荷,自动扶梯、空调用电应为二级负荷; 2大型、中型饮食建筑用餐区域、公共区域的备用照明用电应为二级负荷; 3小型饮食建筑的用电应为三级负荷; 4饮食建筑中的计算机管理设备应设置不间断供电电源作备用电源; 5特大型、大型、中型饮食建筑的冷藏、冷冻设备宜配置备用电源; 6饮食建筑中消防用电设备的负荷等级应符合国家现行防火相关标准的规定。 5.3.2饮食建筑的照明设计,应符合下列规定: 1 照明设计应与室内设计和饮食工艺设计统一考虑; 2照度、亮度在平面和空间均宜配制恰当,使一般照明、局部重点照明和装饰艺术照明有机组合; 3为表达不同饮食建筑用餐区域的特定光色气氛,以及食品的真实性、强调性显色、立体感和质感,应合理选择光色间对比度、色温和照度要求。 5.3.3饮食建筑各类房间照度的标准值应符合表5.3.3的规定。 表5.3.3饮食建筑照度标准值 序号 房间名称 参考平面及高度 照度(lx) 显色指数Ra 1 更衣室 地面 150 80 2 粗加工区(间) 0.75m水平面 200 80 3 细加工区(间) 0.75m水平面 300 80 4 热加工区(间) 0.75m水平面 300 80 S 洗消间 0.75m水平面 200 80 6 宴会厅 0.75m水平面 150~500(可调光) 90 5.3.4设在地下层(室)内的饮食建筑各类用房,如无天然光或天然光不足时,宜将设计照度提高一级。 5.3.5 各类饮食建筑的食品展示台、展示柜等应设局部照明。 5.3.6饮食建筑中使用或产生水或水蒸气的粗加工区(间)、细加工区(间)、热加工区(间)、洗消间等场所安装的电气设备外壳、灯具、插座等的防护等级不应低于IP54,操作按钮的防护等级不应低于IP55。 5.3.7饮食建筑的应急照明应按现行国家标准《建筑设计防火规范》GB 50016设置,并应符合下列规定: 1 中型及中型以上饮食建筑的厨房区域应设置供继续工作的备用照明,其照度不应低于正常照明的1/5;用餐区域应设置供继续营业的备用照明,其照度不应低于正常照明的1/10; 2小型饮食建筑的厨房区域、用餐区域,宜设置备用照明,其照度不应低于10lx; 3一般场所的备用照明启动时间不应大于1.5s,贵重物品区域和收银台的备用照明应单独设置,其启动时间不应大于0.5s。 5.3.8厨房专间内应设置紫外线消毒灯,灯具的开关应设置在厨房专间外并应有明显标志,以免误开启。厨房专间内应配备紫外辐射照度计。 5.3.9 厨房区域加工制作区(间)的电源进线应留有一定余量,配电箱应留有一定数量的备用回路。电气设备、灯具、管路应有防潮措施。 5.3.10厨房区域及其他环境潮湿场地的配电回路,应设置剩余电流保护。 5.3.11饮食建筑的弱电及智能化系统应根据其经营性质、规模等级及管理方式的需求进行设置,并应符合下列规定: 1中型及中型以上饮食建筑的大厅、休息厅、总服务台等公共区域,应设置公用直线和内线电话,小型饮食建筑的服务台宜设置公用直线电话; 2中型及中型以上饮食建筑的公共办公区域、休息厅、总服务台和顾客休闲场所等处,宜设置商业管理或电信业务运营商宽带无线接入网; 3饮食建筑综合布线系统的配线器件与缆线,应满足千兆及以上以太网信息传输的要求,并宜预留信息端口数量和传输带宽的裕量;饮食建筑的每个工作区应根据业务需要设置相应的信息端口; 4中型及中型以上饮食建筑宜设置商业管理无线对讲通信覆盖系统; 5 中型及中型以上饮食建筑应在建筑物室外和室内的公共场所设置信息发布系统; 6中型及中型以上饮食建筑的等候区、包间内应设置有线电视信号接口; 7 中型及中型以上饮食建筑的用餐区域和公共区域应设置背景音乐广播系统,该系统应受火灾自动报警系统的联动控制; 8饮食建筑的安全技术防范系统设置应符合现行国家标准《安全防范工程技术规范》GB 50348的有关规定,大型、特大型饮食建筑的加工区、厨房、传菜区域应设置图像监视系统;中型饮食建筑的加工区、厨房、传菜区域宜设置图像监视系统; 9大型、特大型饮食建筑应设置顾客人数统计系统,中型饮食建筑宜设置顾客人数统计系统; 10除食堂外,大型、特大型饮食建筑的用餐区域应设置桌铃服务系统,中型饮食建筑的用餐区域宜设置桌铃服务系统; 11 中型及中型以上饮食建筑应设置商业信息管理系统,该系统应根据商业规模和管理模式设置前、后台系统管理软件。 本标准用词说明 1为便于在执行本标准条文时区别对待,对要求严格程度不同的用词说明如下: 1)表示很严格,非这样做不可的: 正面词采用“必须”,反面词采用“严禁”; 2)表示严格,在正常情况下均应这样做的: 正面词采用“应”,反面词采用“不应”或“不得”; 3)表示允许稍有选择,在条件许可时首先应这样做的: 正面词采用“宜”,反面词采用“不宜”; 4)表示有选择,在一定条件下可以这样做的,采用“可”。 2条文中指明应按其他有关标准执行的写法为:“应符合……的规定”或“应按……执行”。 引用标准名录 1《建筑给水排水设计规范》GB 50015 2《建筑设计防火规范》GB 50016 3《城镇燃气设计规范》GB 50028 4《冷库设计规范》GB 50072 5《安全防范工程技术规范》GB 50348 6《无障碍设计规范》GB 50763 7《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB 5749 8《城市公共厕所设计标准》CJJ 14 9《饮食业环境保护技术规范》HJ 554 10《建筑地面工程防滑技术规程》JGJ/T 331
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