GB/T 48000.3-2026 Standard digitalization—Part 3:Requirement for ontology modeling English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS 13.220.10
CCS H 57
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 48000.3-2026
Standard digitalization - Part 3: Requirement for ontology modeling
标准数字化 第3部分：本体建模要求
Issue date: 2026-01-28 Implementation date: 2027-02-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Abbreviations
5 General Modeling Requirements
5.1 Basic Requirements
5.2 Core Ontology Components
5.3 Formalization Requirements
5.4 Naming Conventions
6 Entity Types
6.1 Determination Requirements
6.2 Core Entity Types
6.3 Others
7 Attributes of Entity Types
7.1 General Requirements
7.2 Data Properties
7.3 Object Properties
8 Ontology Axioms and Rules
8.1 General Provisions
8.2 Core Rule Requirements
9 Extension Methods and Principles
Annex A (Normative) Metadata Description Items for Entity Types and Attributes
A.1 Metadata Description Items for Entity Types
A.2 Metadata Description Items for Attributes
A.3 Basic Data Types
Annex B (Informative) Definition of Core Entity Types
Annex C (Informative) Definition of Data Properties
C.1 Data Properties for the "Standard Entity" Class
C.2 Data Properties for the "Standardization Object" Class
C.3 Data Properties for the "Stakeholder" Class
C.4 Data Properties for the "Domain Category" Class
C.5 Data Properties for the "Element" Class
C.6 Data Properties for the "Hierarchy" Class
Standard Digitalization - Part 3: Requirements for Ontology Modeling
1 Scope
This document specifies the relevant requirements for constructing standards ontologies in standard digitalization activities, including general requirements for ontology modeling, definition of entity types, attributes of entity types, ontology axioms, and extension methods.
This document applies to guiding the construction and application of ontologies in standard digitalization.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions which, through normative reference in this text, constitute essential provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1.1 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents
GB/T 18391.3 Information technology - Metadata registries (MDR) - Part 3: Registry metamodel and basic attributes
GB/T 20001 (all parts) Rules for drafting standards
GB/T 42131—2022 Artificial intelligence - Technical framework of knowledge graph
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 42131—2022 and the following apply.
3.1 ontology
A model representing entity types and the relationships between entity types, as well as attribute types of entity types and the associations between them.
NOTE: The objective is to capture knowledge within a relevant domain, identify a commonly agreed vocabulary within that domain, describe the semantics of entities through the relationships between entities, and provide a shared understanding of the domain knowledge.
[SOURCE: GB/T 42131—2022, 3.8, modified]
3.2 standardization domain
An application area of standardization activities delineated by professional technology, industry, or social management scope.
EXAMPLES: Such as the medical standards domain, the petroleum standards domain, etc.
NOTE: The standardization domain is labeled according to the International Classification for Standards (ICS), Chinese Classification for Standards (CCS), or industry classification systems, and can be extended according to the classification system of a specific organization or project.
3.3 ontology of standardization
An ontology that formally represents the knowledge system of the standardization domain.
NOTE: i.e., a model comprising the declaration of entity types in the standardization domain, the relationships between these entity types, the attributes of these entity types, and axioms.
3.4 entity
An object that exists independently.
NOTE: In the context of this document, it refers to elements within standardization documents, such as entities like "term", "clause", "subclause", etc.
3.5
entity type
An abstraction representing a collection of entities that share the same set of attributes.
[SOURCE: GB/T 42131—2022, 3.3]
3.6
attribute
A characteristic common to all members of a class of objects.
[SOURCE: GB/T 42131—2022, 3.10]
3.7
information unit
The smallest independently existing information module within a standard.
NOTE: Clauses or additional information as defined in GB/T 1.1 are all information units, such as clauses, examples, notes, figures/tables, etc.
3.8
axiom
A statement within this model, used to declare constraints regarding entity types, attributes, instances, or their relationships, that cannot be violated.
3.9
XML namespace
A logical space introduced for naming elements and attributes to resolve naming conflicts. It is declared in an XML document by referencing a URI, and associates elements and attributes with the namespace using qualified prefixes.
[SOURCE: GB/Z 21025—2007, 3.9]
4 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
IRI: Internationalized Resource Identifier
OWL: Web Ontology Language
RDF: Resource Description Framework
RDFS: Resource Description Framework Schema
SHACL: Shapes Constraint Language
XML: Extensible Markup Language
5 General Modeling Requirements
5.1 Basic Requirements
The standardization ontology shall be modeled according to the following basic requirements:
a)The defined entities are independent of the order of their description within the standard text;
b) The core focus should be on the knowledge content and semantic relationships of the standard document, while also considering its compositional structure information;
c) The content elements of the standard and their presentation form shall be expressed separately;
d) The definition of terms and concepts should aim for cross-domain and cross-system knowledge sharing, avoiding dependence on local contexts.
