GB/T 23263-2024 Determination of asbestos in products
Warning: Persons using this document shall be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.
1 Scope
This document specifies the method summary and principle, reagents and materials, instruments and apparatus, sample collection, sample preparation, qualitative method, quantitative method and test result report during the determination of asbestos in products.
This document is applicable to the determination of asbestos content in building materials, friction materials, sealing materials, insulating materials and other non-metallic minerals.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
asbestos
fibrous silicate mineral belonging to the serpentine group (chrysotile), and fibrous silicate mineral belonging to the amphibole group (amosite, crocidolite in ironstone, tremolite, actinolitum and anthophyllite) in the minerals of the rock
3.2
vermiculite
mica swelling clay minerals
Note: The layers of these mineral structures contain layers of magnesium hydrate, however, they usually contain hydrobiotite with more potassium in interlayer structure.
3.3
fiber particle
particles with a length-diameter of 3 or more
3.4
sample
portions extracted from building materials, friction materials, sealing materials, insulating materials and non-metallic minerals, and used for analysis
3.5
primary analytical sample
sample (3.4) that has been crushed or heated and sieved under specified conditions
3.6
secondary analytical sample
sample prepared by a series of treatments (for example, formic acid) for the primary analytical sample
3.7
secondary analytical sample for quantitative determination
sample prepared for quantitative analysis by a series of treatments (for example, formic acid) for the primary analytical sample
3.8
tertiary analytical sample for quantitative determination
sample prepared for quantitative analysis by some treatments for the portion with residual ratio greater than 15% when the secondary analytical sample for quantitative determination is prepared
3.9
immersion liquid
liquid used to immerse the sample in qualitative microscopic analysis
3.10
vermiculite standard sample
sample prepared with vermiculite as raw material to ensure that the pure vermiculite contains 0.5% tremolite and 0.8% chrysotile, and used for analyzing vermiculite spraying materials
3.11
residual ratio
ratio of the weight of secondary analytical sample for quantitative determination obtained via a series of treatments (for example, formic acid) for primary analytical sample to the weight of the primary analytical sample
3.12
weight loss ratio
ratio of the primary analytical sample to the total sample weight after heating treatment
3.13
integral intensity
area integral value of the specified X-ray diffraction peak
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply (see Table 1).
Contents Foreword 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Symbols and abbreviations 5 Method summary and principle 6 Reagents and materials 7 Instruments and apparatus 8 Sample collection 9 Sample preparation 10 Qualitative method 11 Quantitative method 12 Test result report Annex A (Normative) Technical conditions of X-ray diffractometer for qualitative and quantitative analysis of asbestos Annex B (Normative) Specifications for polarizing microscopes Annex C (Informative) Figure of asbestos under a polarizing microscope Appendix D (Normative) Absorption correction method of asbestos-related basic standards Annex E (Informative) Test steps of K value method
