GB 38305-2025 Head protection—Rescue helmet English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS 13.340.20 CCS C 73
People's Republic of China National Standard
GB 38305-2025
Replacing GB/T 38305-2019
Head protection — Rescue helmet
Issued on August 29, 2025
Implemented on January 1, 2027
Issued by
State Administration for Market Regulation
Standardization Administration of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification and marking
5 Technical requirements
6 Test methods
7 Marking and instructions for use
Appendix A (Normative) Sample selection and pretreatment
Appendix B (Normative) Test methods for impact resistance and penetration resistance of comprehensive rescue helmets
Appendix C (Normative) Test methods for impact resistance and penetration resistance of mountain rescue helmets
Appendix D (Normative) Test methods for impact resistance and penetration resistance of water rescue helmets
References
Head protection — Rescue helmet
1 Scope
This document defines terms and definitions for rescue helmets, specifies their classification and marking, technical requirements, marking and instructions for use, and describes test methods.
This document applies to the design, manufacture and inspection of head protection equipment worn during industrial and commercial production safety, road traffic, natural disaster rescue and related activities.
This document does not apply to head protection equipment worn by firefighters during emergency rescue operations.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute essential provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies; for undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB 811—2022 Helmets for motorcycle and electric bicycle riders
GB/T 2812—2024 Head protection — General test methods
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 Rescue helmet
Protective equipment worn during rescue and related activities to prevent or reduce head injuries caused by object strikes, collision impacts, flame burns, falls, etc.
Note: Generally consists of shell, protective layer, headband, locking device, chinstrap, etc.
3.2 Shell
Main structure determining the shape of the rescue helmet.
Note: The shell may include ventilation holes, top reinforcements and reserved accessory interfaces.
3.3 Top reinforcement
Structure used to enhance the strength of the shell top.
3.4 Protective layer
Component installed on the inner surface of the helmet shell to absorb impact energy.
3.5 Retention system
Device that adjusts head circumference size and maintains helmet stability during wearing.
Note: Generally consists of headband, locking device, liner strip, chinstrap, etc.
3.6 Headband
Adjustable band that surrounds the head for fixation.
3.7 Locking device
Component connected to the headband that locks the headband size during wearing to ensure proper fit with the wearer's head.
3.8 Comfort padding
Soft pad connected to the helmet liner strip that directly contacts the wearer's head.
3.9 Liner strip
Component connected to the helmet comfort padding that directly contacts the wearer's head.
3.10 Sweatband
Flexible fabric or leather component attached to the headband for sweat absorption.
3.11 Chinstrap
Strap fastened under the chin for auxiliary fixation.
3.12 Chin holder
Component attached to the chinstrap for chin support.
3.13 Wearing height
Axial distance from the lowest point at the bottom side of the headband to the highest point of the head when the helmet is worn.
3.14 Vertical distance
Axial distance between the highest point of the head and the inner surface of the shell when the helmet is worn.
Note: Excludes space occupied by top reinforcements.
3.15 Accessories
Detachable components recommended or provided by the manufacturer that can be installed at designated helmet positions but do not provide head protection.
Note: Accessories typically include communication equipment, lighting equipment, and eye/face protection devices.
3.16 Basic plane
Plane formed by the centers of left/right external auditory canals and the infraorbital point of the right eye.
Example: Basic plane (O—O' plane) is shown in Figure 1.
Explanation of symbols:
1—Centers of left/right ear holes;
2—Right infraorbital point.
Figure 1 Side view of basic plane (O—O' plane)
3.17 Reference plane
Plane parallel to and maintaining a certain distance (x) above the basic plane.
Example: Reference plane (P—P' plane) is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Reference plane (P—P' plane) and basic plane (O—O' plane)
4 Classification and marking
4.1 Classification
According to rescue tasks and usage scenarios, rescue helmets are classified into:
— Comprehensive rescue type (ZH)
— Mountain rescue type (SY)
— Water rescue type (SS)
Mountain rescue helmets are suitable for personnel performing mountain rescue tasks, water rescue helmets for water rescue tasks, and comprehensive rescue helmets for other emergency rescue tasks excluding the above two types.
4.2 Marking
4.2.1 Category marking
Rescue helmet category marking shall comply with Table 1.
Table 1 Category marking of rescue helmets
4.2.2 Special performance marking
When helmets have special performances including electrical insulation (JG), chemical resistance (HX), molten metal splash resistance (MM), antistatic properties (A), or extreme low temperature resistance (-30°C), corresponding markings shall be applied as specified in Table 2.
Table 2 Special performance marking of rescue helmets
4.2.3 Marking method
For marking, category marking shall be labeled first according to Table 1, then special performances shall be marked in top-down order from Table 2, with one character space between different markings. For products meeting requirements of two or more helmet categories, marking shall adopt "category **/category **" format following top-down order in Table 1.
Example 1: Comprehensive rescue helmet with electrical insulation (2,200 V), chemical resistance and molten metal splash resistance is marked: ZH JG HX MM.
Example 2: Comprehensive rescue helmet with antistatic properties, extreme low temperature resistance and chemical resistance is marked: ZH HX -30°C A.
Example 3: Mountain rescue helmet is marked: SY.
Example 4: Water rescue helmet is marked: SS.
Example 5: Helmet meeting both mountain and water rescue requirements is marked: SY/SS.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General requirements
When inspected according to 6.1.2, materials, design and structure of rescue helmets shall meet following requirements:
— Outer surface of comprehensive rescue helmet shells shall have reflective materials by spraying or pasting, with no bubbles, defects or other appearance-damaging flaws; no components shall use toxic, harmful or human-hazardous materials;
— For helmets marked with antistatic properties, all components including liner strips and pads shall use antistatic materials;
— All components shall be firmly and properly installed without loosening or slipping;
