GB 34330-2025 Identification standards for solid wastes - General rules
1 Application scope
This standard specifies the identification of substances that have lost their original utility value, the identification of substances generated in production, daily life, and other activities, the identification of products produced from solid waste and substances generated during environmental management and pollution control processes, the identification of solid waste based on utilization and disposal methods, as well as the supervision and management requirements.
This standard applies to the identification of solid waste of substances (or materials) and articles (including products and goods), hereinafter referred to as "substances."
This standard applies to the identification of liquid wastes.
This standard does not apply to the classification of solid wastes.
Substances for which specialized solid waste identification standards are provided, shall be subjected to solid waste identification in accordance with the dedicated standards.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document (including any amendments) applies. For other documents that are abolished, revised or revised by new documents, the new ones shall apply to this standard.
GB 5085.1 Identification standards for hazardous wastes - Identification for corrosivity
GB 18599 Standard for pollution control on the non-hazardous industrial solid waste storage and landfill
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
solid waste identification
activity of identifying whether a substance is solid waste
3.2
target products
one or more substances intended to be obtained during the process design, construction and operation
3.3
by-products
substances generated alongside the target products during the production process, including the by-products that are identified not to be solid waste according to this standard
4 Identification of substances that have lost their original utility value
4.1 Substances having lost their original function during production, daily life, or other activities and being incapable of restoration to their original purpose through repair or reprocessing are considered solid waste, including:
a) domestic garbage;
b) substances that cannot be sold, circulated, or used in the market for various reasons during sales, circulation, or use [see Annex A.1a)];
c) disposable items utilized in production, daily life, and other activities, as well as other non-durable daily articles that can not serve their original purposes [see Annex A.1b)];
d) production materials that, during use in production activities, have become contaminated, mixed with useless or harmful substances, or undergone chemical changes, resulting in their material composition failing to meet the requirements of the original user [see Annex A.1c, except for the circumstances specified in 4.2.1].
e) damaged or residual substances generated during abnormal production activities (see Annex A.1d).
f) production materials abandoned due to their shape, particle size composition, or effective substance content failing to meet the requirements of the original user [except for the circumstances specified in 4.2.2a)].
g) durable consumer goods abandoned by the original user because they no longer meet the usage requirements due to appearance defects, functional degradation, or expiration of service life [except for the circumstances specified in 4.2.2b) and 4.3)].
h) substances damaged by other natural disasters, force majeure, or human-caused disasters [except for the circumstances specified in 4.2.2)].
4.2 The following substances, which meet usage requirements in production, daily life, and other activities and are used for their original purposes, are not considered solid waste:
4.2.1 Substances returned to the original production line to be used as the raw materials within a production enterprise through the following methods:
a) direct return without storage or accumulation;
b) in non-continuous production processes, storage in fixed storage devices that prevent material loss through leakage, dust emission, spillage, or dispersion, and direct return via enclosed pipelines or other relatively closed transportation systems;
c) return after regeneration within supporting processes of the production technology.
4.2.2 The following substances during sales, circulation, or use:
a) production materials used for their original purposes without requiring any repair or processing:
1) raw materials that the owner no longer uses solely due to the termination, suspension, or change of production plans but still meet the original purpose, as well as intermediate materials and semi-finished products that continue to be used as raw materials by other enterprises of the same industrial chain;
2) materials that can no longer meet the requirements of the original user solely due to changes in concentration, but can continue to be used in other applicable fields for that substance;
b) durable consumer goods (including mechanical and electrical products and their components, elements, production equipment, assemblies, and containers) that do not require any repair or processing, or whose functional defects have been restored to their original utility. During sales and circulation, such substances shall also meet all of the following conditions:
1) possess complete functionality;
2) comply with the requirements of the receiving country or region regarding functional upgrades for such items, have market demand, and are not obsolete in cross-border sales and circulation;
3) meet the requirements for appearance, performance, and integrity in subsequent use;
4) items sold in batches shall be cleaned, sorted, and packaged according to the sales requirements.
4.2.3 The following substances generated during engineering construction within China, collected and organized according to subsequent usage requirements, and used for their original purposes:
a) bricks, masonry, tiles, sand, gravel, and refractory materials that, after on-site cleaning and screening, meet subsequent usage requirements and are used as construction materials;
b) materials that, complying with relevant requirements are used as substitutes for raw materials such as clay in the production of bricks and tiles;
c) sediment from waterway dredging and desilting (excluding contaminated soil and sediment) used as a substitute for river sand;
d) inorganic non-metallic construction waste materials that, after on-site processing and meeting the specifications for recycled aggregates, are used as such;
e) contaminated soil that, in compliance with relevant regulations and after remediation, is used for soil purposes;
4.3 The following substances intended for use according to their original purposes after repair or processing are not considered solid waste:
a) durable consumer goods listed in 4.2.2b) (including those returned to the original user or sold) that are generated within China, have functional defects, and are intended to be repaired or processed through methods such as cleaning, reshaping, patching, replacement of parts, or addition of effective components to restore or enhance their original functions.
b) other items that meet any of the following conditions and have their original functions restored or enhanced through the repair and processing methods described in 4.3a):
1) items that, after having their original functions restored or enhanced by the original manufacturer, authorized repair enterprises, or outsourced maintenance providers of the user, are returned to the original user for use or sold by the original manufacturer as refurbished products;
2) inbound repair or remanufactured goods under bonded maintenance or bonded remanufacturing operations, which comply with relevant regulations of China and are supervised by customs as goods for repair or bonded processing;
4.4 Substances that have lost their original functions remain classified as solid waste when utilized through the following activities that do not constitute repair or processing:
a) recovery of useful raw materials through physical methods such as disassembly, decomposition, sorting, separation, remelting, or pelletizing.
b) recovery of metals through pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical processes (excluding substances whose original purpose was to serve as smelting feedstock);
c) recovery of useful substances or removal of impurities, or restoration of one or more of their original functions, through physico-chemical methods such as rectification, distillation, crystallization, precipitation, roasting, or pyrolysis.
5 Identification of substances generated in production, daily life, and other activities
5.1 Inferior products, wastes, and other target products that do not conform to national, local, or industrial general product standards (specifications) or cannot be sold, circulated in the market, or used for their intended purposes due to quality reasons, and are produced using normal raw materials, are considered solid waste. However, off-spec products and other target products (including off-grade products) that do conform to national, local, or industrial general product standards are not considered solid waste.
5.2 The following by-products are considered solid waste:
a) packagings stripped from finished goods and residual packaging containers after use (excluding reusable transport containers designed for repeated use);
b) residual substances generated during agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, aquaculture, and product processing activities [(see Annex A.2a)];
c) mining residues generated during mining activities [(see Annex A.2b)];
d) slag generated during metal smelting processes [(see Annex A.2c)];
e) residual substances generated during material processing, modification, surface treatment, and other handling processes [(see Annex A.2d)];
f) residual substances generated during the extraction, purification, and refinement of production raw materials and reaction products [(see Annex A.2e)];
g) construction wastes, such as discarded soil and materials, engineering slurry, generated during the construction, renovation, expansion, and demolition of various buildings, structures, and pipeline networks (except for circumstances specified in 4.2.3).
h) residual substances from fuel combustion, such as coal slag, generated in thermal or combustion facilities including power plant boilers, other industrial and civil boilers, and industrial furnaces.
i) laboratory wastes, such as animal carcasses, generated during teaching, scientific research, production, medical, and other experimental activities.
j) residual products from flue gas and waste gas purification [(see Annex A.3a)];
k) residual products from water purification and wastewater or waste liquid treatment [(see Annex A.3b)];
l) residual substances generated during solid waste treatment processes [(see Annex A.3c)];
m) other substances generated during environmental remediation processes [(see Annex A.3d)];
n) dredging and desilting sludge generated from the management of water bodies such as rivers, canals, lakes, navigation channels, and bathing areas, as well as water areas, waterways and reservoirs, and from water conservancy projects [except for the circumstances specified in 4.2.3c)].
o) contaminated soil generated during the remediation and treatment of contaminated sites, which is utilized or disposed of by the methods listed in 7.1, or used for the production of construction materials such as bricks, tiles, and road materials.
5.3 The following by-products that meet the requirements for use as raw materials are not considered solid waste:
a) crop straws generated from agricultural production activities and returned directly to the fields; or collected, sorted and then indirectly returned to other fields; or used as animal feed, cultivation substrate, or as raw material for pulp production, board manufacturing, weaving, gasification and alcoholization;
b) substances generated during agricultural by-product and food processing that are used for the following purposes:
1) rice husks, rice bran, wheat bran, distiller's grains, and soybean meal used as feed;
2) bagasse used as raw material for papermaking;
3) feathers and hair that, after cleaning and sorting, meet the requirements for use as filling materials for clothing, animal fibers for textiles, or feather and hair products;
4) horns and shells that, after cleaning and sorting, meet the requirements for handicraft production, and shells used as adhesive substrate in aquaculture.
Contents
Foreword II
1 Application scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Identification of substances that have lost their original utility value
5 Identification of substances generated in production, daily life and other activities
6 Identification of products produced from solid waste and substances generated during environmental management and pollution control processes
7 Identification of solid waste based on utilization and disposal methods
8 Substances not managed as solid waste
9 Implementation and supervision
Annex A (Normative) Detailed enumeration of solid waste source identification
Annex B (Informative) Auxiliary identification table for by-product solid waste
