GB 29741-2025 Safety specification for aluminum electrolysis English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS13.100
CCS H 09
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB29741-2025
Replaces GB29741-2013
Safety specification for aluminum electrolysis
Released on August 1, 2025 Implementation on February 1, 2026
State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and Definitions
4 General Requirements
5 Site selection, plant layout and buildings (structures)
6 Production Safety
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Storage and transportation of materials
6.3 Aluminum Electrolysis
6.4 Electrolytic Cell Overhaul
6.5 Anode Assembly
6.6 Ingots
6.7 Flue gas purification
6.8 Flue Gas Desulfurization
6.9 Transportation
6.10 Powertrain
7 Inspection and Maintenance
8 Verification Method
Safety specification for aluminum electrolysis
1 Scope
This document specifies the safety management, site selection, plant layout and construction (structure), production, inspection and maintenance of aluminum electrolysis production.
Requirements, describing the verification method.
This document is applicable to the plant design, aluminum electrolysis, electrolytic cell overhaul, anode assembly, ingot casting, flue gas purification, flue gas desulfurization, Safety management of transportation, power systems, inspection and maintenance.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references. For dated references, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB2894 Safety colours and safety signs GB4053.1
Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platforms Part 1: Steel straight ladders
GB4053.2 Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platforms Part 2: Steel inclined ladders GB4053.3 Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platforms Part 3: Industrial guardrails and steel platforms
GB4387 Safety Regulations for Railway and Road Transport Within Industrial Enterprises
GB39800.1 Specification for the Provision of Personal Protective Equipment Part 1: General Principles
GB39800.3 Specification for the Provision of Personal Protective Equipment Part 3: Metallurgy and Nonferrous Metals
GB50009 Code for Loading of Building Structures
GB50016 Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings
GB50025 Building Standard for Collapsible Loess Areas
GB50028 Code for Urban Gas Design
GB50057 Code for Lightning Protection Design of Buildings
GB50058 Code for Design of Electrical Installations in Explosive Atmospheres
GB50112 Technical Specification for Buildings in Expansive Soil Areas
GB50201 Flood Control Standard
GB50544 Standard for General Planning and Transportation Design of Nonferrous Metals Industry GB50630 Code for Fire Protection Design of Nonferrous Metals Engineering
GB50850 Code for Process Design of Aluminum Electrolysis Plants
GB51020 Code for Ventilation, Dust Removal and Flue Gas Purification Design of Aluminum Electrolysis Plants
GB55037 General Code for Fire Protection of Buildings
TSG51 Safety Technical Regulations for Hoisting Machinery
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Aluminum electrolysis is the process of producing
primary aluminum using cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis.
3.2
Baking and starting is the process of using coke
or gas to generate heat between the cathode and anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, raising the temperature of the cell lining and the furnace temperature to the level of the electric The process of decomposition temperature (above 900 ÿ).
Note: This includes both coke roasting and gas roasting.
3.3
Anode effect anode effect is the phenomenon
that the conductivity between the electrolyte and the anode decreases significantly due to the failure of the anode gas to be discharged in a timely and effective manner during the molten salt electrolysis process.
Note: When the anode effect occurs, many small arcs appear around the contact between the anode and the electrolyte, the cell voltage rises to tens of volts, and the electrolyte stops
It boils and splashes in small droplets around the anode, and the upper structure of the large electrolytic cell vibrates slightly, accompanied by noise.
3.4
Electrolytic cell overhaul electrolytic cell relining is the process of
inspecting and repairing the upper structure of the electrolytic cell and rebuilding the inner lining after the electrolytic cell stops running for a certain period of time due to damage, poor technical and economic indicators, etc.
3.5
Ingot casting is the process of
transporting the raw aluminum liquid produced in the electrolytic cell to the foundry through vacuum ladle, and solidifying the liquid aluminum into a solidified shape through a specific process and mold.
A process for producing aluminum products with specific shapes and sizes.
Note: In this document, ingot refers to ingot cast by horizontal continuous casting machine.
4 General Requirements
4.1 Safety facilities for new, renovated, and expanded enterprise projects should be designed, constructed, put into production, and used simultaneously with the main project. Investment in safety facilities should be included in the construction project budget.
4.2 The process design of aluminum electrolysis projects should comply with the provisions of GB50850, and the ventilation, dust removal, and flue gas purification designs should comply with the provisions of GB51020. Processes and equipment that endanger production safety and have been explicitly eliminated by national regulations should not be used. 4.3 Enterprises should implement safety production standardization and establish a comprehensive and sound employee safety production responsibility system, safety production rules and regulations, and safe operating procedures.
4.4 Key responsible persons and safety production management personnel should possess safety production knowledge and management capabilities appropriate to the production and operation activities they are engaged in. Special operations personnel should be trained and certified before taking up their posts.
4.5 Enterprises should establish a dual prevention mechanism for safety risk classification and control, as well as for hidden danger investigation and control. Comprehensively and systematically identify safety risks within the enterprise, establish risk distribution files, create safety risk distribution maps, and compile safety risk classification and control lists.
4.6 Enterprises should organize and carry out hazard inspections based on actual production conditions. Hazard inspections should cover all personnel, equipment, facilities, and production process activities related to production and operation, including the service scope of contractors and suppliers, and adopt comprehensive inspections, professional inspections, regular inspections (including seasonal inspections, holiday inspections), and daily inspections to conduct hazard inspections.
4.7 Enterprises should regularly maintain and inspect safety equipment to
ensure normal operation.
4.8 Enterprises should inform relevant parties of risk factors and safety briefings, sign special safety production management agreements, and clearly define the responsibilities of each party in the contract.
4.9 Enterprises should install safety warning signs in accordance with the provisions of GB2894 at locations and equipment facilities with significant risk factors, and conduct regular inspections and maintenance.
4.10 Before any hazardous operation, risk identification should be conducted, an operation plan and emergency measures should be formulated, approval procedures should be completed, and safety technical instructions should be provided to the operators. During the operation, a designated person should be assigned to be responsible for on-site safety supervision and inspection.
4.11 Hazardous chemicals should be stored in dedicated warehouses or counters and should not be stored in the open air. Units storing hazardous chemicals should establish a system for checking and registering the entry and exit of hazardous chemicals.
4.12 Enterprises should prepare emergency response plans based on risk analysis and emergency resource survey results, equip emergency rescue equipment and supplies, and conduct regular training and drills. Special emergency response plans or on-site disposal plans should include but are not limited to the following aspects:
