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ICS 13.100
CCS C 68
National Standard of the People’s Republic of China
GB 14443-2025
Replaces GB 14444-2007
Safety technical requirements for paint oven
涂层烘干室安全技术要求
Issue date: 2025-10-31 Implementation date: 2026-08-01
Issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Safety technical requirements for paint oven
1 Scope
This document specifies the safety technical requirements for the structure, electrical equipment, heating systems, ventilation systems, control facilities, pressure relief facilities, operation, and maintenance of paint drying ovens, and describes the verification methods.
This document applies to drying ovens used for coatings derived from combustible and flammable liquid paints and powder coatings.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative reference in the text. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB 2894 Safety colours and safety signs
GB/T 3836.1 Explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Equipment - General requirements
GB/T 3836.15 Explosive atmospheres - Part 15: Design, selection and erection of electrical installations
GB 4053 (all parts) Safety requirements for fixed steel ladders and platforms
GB/T 4272 General principles for thermal insulation technology of equipment and pipelines
GB/T 4942 Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosures for rotating electrical machines (IP Code)
GB 5959.13 Safety in electroheating installations - Part 13: Particular requirements for electroheating installations with an atmosphere containing flammable material
GB 6514 Safety code for painting - Safety of painting process and its ventilation
GB/T 8175 Guide for thermal insulation design of equipment and pipelines
GB/T 14441 Terminology of safety for painting
GB 15930 Fire dampers for building ventilation and smoke control systems
GB 16297 Integrated emission standard of air pollutants
GB/T 19839 General technical conditions for industrial oil and gas burners
GB 20101 Safety technical requirements for purification euipment of organic waste gas from painting
GB 50058 Code for design of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres
GB/T 50087 Code for design of noise control of industrial enterprises
GB 50140 Code for design of fire extinguisher distribution in buildings
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 14441 and the following apply.
3.1
paint drying oven
An enclosure where coatings are dried or cured by heating.
Note: Classified by heating method into radiation drying ovens and convection drying ovens; by operation mode into batch process ovens and continuous process ovens; by coating composition into solvent-based coating drying ovens, water-based coating drying ovens, and powder coating drying ovens, etc.
3.2
ignition temperature
The minimum temperature required, under specified test conditions, to ignite an explosive mixture.
3.3
safety ventilation of oven
Ventilation within the drying oven to control the concentration of combustible gases (or powders), ensuring that the concentration of combustible gases (or powders) in any part of the oven remains below the maximum allowable percentage under any operating condition.
Note: Safety ventilation methods mainly include: supplying an adequate amount of fresh air; organizing reasonable air circulation flow to purify or discharge high-concentration exhaust gases to appropriate areas.
3.4
direct-fired heating system
A heating system for drying ovens where the combustion products enter the oven's workspace and directly contact and heat the workpieces.
[Source: GB/T 14441-2024, 7.1.5]
3.5
indirect-fired heating system
A heating system for drying ovens where the combustion products are hermetically separated from the oven's workspace and indirectly heat the workpieces.
[Source: GB/T 14441-2024, 7.1.6]
3.6
air re-circulation system
A complete set of devices that systematically extract air from the workspace of the drying oven and return it.
Note: Used to meet the requirements of convective hot air heating and to organize safety ventilation, preventing the accumulation of combustibles in the indoor air.
3.7
batch process oven
A drying oven where workpieces are loaded intermittently and the drying/curing operation is performed cyclically.
3.8
continuous process oven
A drying oven where workpieces are loaded continuously and the drying/curing operation is performed continuously.
3.9
ultra-violet oven
A drying oven that uses ultraviolet light to dry or cure wet coatings.
4 General Requirements
4.1 When drying workpieces made of flammable materials (paper, cloth, plastic, etc.), the paint drying oven (hereinafter referred to as "the oven") shall have measures in place to prevent ignition of the workpieces.
4.2 Fire dampers or electric air dampers, or other devices capable of closing the exhaust, shall be installed on the exhaust ducts of the oven. Fire dampers shall comply with GB 15930. In the event of a fire inside the oven, the device shall automatically close the damper, simultaneously stop the circulation fan and exhaust fan automatically, and activate audible and visual alarms.
4.3 Flammable or explosive materials shall not be stored around the oven.
4.4 Fire-fighting equipment shall be provided near the oven according to the relevant provisions of GB 50140.
4.5 When flammable or combustible vapors are released, or combustible gases are present, during the drying or curing of coatings on workpieces inside the oven, the interior of the oven shall be classified as a Zone 1 hazardous area. The area within 3 meters horizontally and vertically from the loading door shall be classified as a Zone 2 hazardous area. If pits associated with the oven connect to the hazardous area, the classification of the hazardous areas shall comply with GB 50058.
Contents
Foreword III
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 General Requirements
5 Equipment and Facilities
6 Operation and Maintenance
7 Verification Methods
Appendix A (Normative) Calculation of Fresh Air Volume for Solvent-Based Coating Drying Ovens
