标准编号:	GB 12352-2018
中文名称:	客运架空索道安全规范
英文名称:	Safety Code for Passengers Aerial Ropeways
中标分类:	J81    输送机械
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	45.100 45.100    架空索道设备 45.100
发布日期:	2018-05-14
实施日期:	2018-12-1
标准状态:	现行
替代旧标准:	GB 12352-2007 客运架空索道安全规范
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	50000 字
翻译价格(元):	3500.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.



Chapter 1, Chapter 2, 3.1.3.1, 3.6.7, 3.7.1.2, 4.1.4, 7.1.7, 7.1.9.1, 7.2.4, 8.5.5, 8.7.4, 9.1.2, 9.4.3, 9.5.2~9.5.4, 9.6.1, 10.1.6, 10.2.4 and Chapter 12 of this standard are recommendatory and the others are mandatory.



This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.



This standard replaces GB 12352-2007 Safety Code for Passengers Aerial Ropeways. In addition to a number of editorial changes, the following technical changes have been made with respect to it.



——Normative References is modified (see Chapter 2; Chapter 2 of Edition 2007);



——Permissible oscillation of delivery vehicle is modified (see Table 1 of 3.1.4.1; 3.1.4.1 of Edition 2007);



——Deflection requirements of delivery vehicle are modified (see Table 2 of 3.1.4.5; 3.1.4.5 of Edition 2007);



——Selection of minimum wind pressure is added (see 3.1.5.1);



——Minimum ground clearance of chairlift ropeway is added (see 3.1.8.1);



——The height of ski track across over ski resort is added (see 3.1.9.2);



——Requirements shall be met for crossing over other ropeways are modified (see 3.1.9.3; 3.1.9.3 of Edition 2007);



——Mutual position requirements for communication cable and no-load steel wire rope along ropeway line are modified (see 3.1.9.4; 3.1.9.4 of Edition 2007);



——"Centripetal acceleration of delivery vehicle shall not exceed 2.5m/s2" is modified (see 3.2.3; 3.2.3 of Edition 2007);



——"Minimum interval between chairlifts of fixed grip chairlift type ropeway" is modified (see Table 5 of 3.3.1; 3.3.1 of Edition 2007);



——"Maximum passenger-carrying number for chairlift ski ropeway and non-ski ropeway" is added (see 3.4.1);



——"Minimum load on support/compression sheave on line" is added (see 3.5.2.2);



——Deadweight and effective load are modified as load (see 3.6.1; 3.6.1 of Edition 2007);



——Resistance coefficient is revised (see Table 7 of 3.6.3.2; 3.6.3.2 of Edition 2007);



——Content of "traceable relevant technical data of all components shall be preserved carefully" is deleted (see 3.8.2.2 of Edition 2007);



——"In conformity with Grade 2 in JB 4730" is modified as "in conformity with Grade 1 in NB/T 47013" [ see b) of 3.8.2; 3.8.2.3 of Edition 2007];



——Tensile safety coefficient of new steel wire ropes is modified (see Table 8 of 4.2.1; Table 8 of 4.2.1 in Edition 2007);



——The inertial force when starting and braking of ropeway is not counted is deleted (see 4.2.1.3 of Edition 2007);



——Maximum ratio of transverse force generated by minimum tension and delivery vehicle is modified (see Table 10 in 4.2.2.2; Table 10 of 4.2.2.2 in Edition 2007);



——"Discard on the wire rope and the fixation terminal shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 9075" is added (see 4.4.4);



——"Discard of steel wire rope" is deleted (see 4.5 of Edition 2007);



——"Steel wire rope inspection" is modified as "Inspection and discard" (see 4.4; 4.4 of Edition 2007);



——Running speed is modified (see 5.1.3.1; 5.1.3.1 of Edition 2007)



——Friction coefficient selection of ropeway driving sheave is modified (see 5.1.5.5; 5.1.5.5 of Edition 2007);



——The stroke of take-up device is modified as at least the data which is the sum of the following items (see 5.4.2; 5.4.2 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for the stroke of take-up device without consideration of extension is modified (see 5.4.3; 5.4.3 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for heavy hammer take-up device are revised (see 5.4.5; 5.4.4 of Edition 2007);



——Grip opening device is revised (see 5.5; 5.5 of Edition 2007);



——Acceleration and deceleration devices are modified (see 5.6; 5.6 of Edition 2007);



——Position indicator is modified (see 5.9; 5.9 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for getting on belt installed on getting on area of fixed grip chairlift ropeway are modified (see 6.2.2.6; 6.2.2.5 of Edition 2007);



——Clearances for other positions are modified from 0.5m to 0.6m (see 6.2.3.1; 6.2.3.1 of Edition 2007);



——Basic design service life is modified (see 7.1.7; 7.1.7 of Edition 2007);



——Conditions of carrying rope saddle with passenger car brake are revised (see 7.2.1.7; 7.2.1.5 of Edition 2007);



——"There shall be alarm signal if greater than designed permissible value" is added (see 7.2.3.11);



——"Standards that shall be met for manufacture of support (compression) sheave" is added



——Friction coefficient is modified from 0.13 to 0.16 (see 8.3.4; 8.3.4 of Edition 2007);



——Transverse oscillation is modified from 0.35 rad to 0.34 rad (see 8.3.6; 8.3.6 of Edition 2007);



——Requirement that lateral plate shall not be touched in case of 0.20 rad transverse oscillation is added (see 8.3.6);



——Requirements for groove depth are added (see 8.4.2);



——Requirements for handrail strength are added (see 8.6.3);



——"As for the ropeway equipped with rescue car, the carriage end shall be arranged with door or active window" is deleted (see 8.7.9 of Edition 2007);



——"As for A-shaped hanger closing the carrying rope, the gravity deflection value shall not be greater than ±50mm" in 2007 Edition is deleted (see 8.9.7 of Edition 2007);



——Maintenance suspension tool is added (see 8.12);



——Safety circuit voltage is modified (see 9.3.6; 9.4.3 of Edition 2007);



——General requirements for installation are modified (see 10.1.1; 10.1.1 of Edition 2007);



——"After adjustment of steel structure, fine gravel concrete whose strength grade is 1 grade higher than that of basic concrete strength grade shall be adopted for grouting and grouting layer shall be compact and smooth, whose thickness should be not less than 30mm" is deleted (see 10.2.3 Edition 2007);



——Installation requirements for in-station steel structure are modified (see 10.4.1; 10.4.1 of Edition 2007);



——Tolerance of track installation on running section is modified (see 10.4.2; 10.4.3 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for turnout installation are modified (see 10.4.3; 10.4.4 of Edition 2007);



——Conformity requirements for take-up device are modified (see 10.4.6; 10.4.8 in Edition 2007);



——"Connection face between steel structures shall be tightly contacted and the contact face shall not be less than 70%" is deleted (see 10.4.2 of Edition 2007);



——Installation requirements for deflection plate, guard rail and stop rail are deleted (see 10.4.5 of Edition 2007);



——Test run condition is modified (see 11.3.1.2; see 11.3.1.2 of Edition 2007);



——Special requirements for grip inspection are modified (see 12.3.3; 12.3.3 of Edition 2007);



——Aviation obstruction sign is added (see 13.3);



——Special prompt for chairlift ropeway is added (see 13.4);



——Requirements for bicable circulating ropeway to arrive in or depart from the station in 1.2 times of brake distance are added (see 3.1.3.3);



——Conditions for bicable circulating ropeway to arrive in or depart from the station not subjected to restriction of 1.2 times of brake distance are added (see 3.1.3.3);



——Requirements for double-carrying single-traction circulating ropeway are added (see 3.1.4.1 and 3.2.1);



——Special requirements for the conditions that the span length may be shortened are added (see 3.1.3.2);



——"Clearance between transverse oscillation cabinlifts of bicable reversible ropeway without passenger car brake is changed from 1.0m to 0.2m" is added (see 3.1.4.2);



——Requirements for clearance between delivery vehicles which will encounter are modified (see 3.1.4.4; 3.1.4.4 of Edition 2007);



——Calculation of steel wire rope transverse deflection is added (see 3.1.5.2);



——Requirements for transverse deflection of detachable ropeway in station are added (see 3.1.6);



——"When there is device whose speed is relatively decreased, higher speed is allowed" is deleted (see 3.2.3 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for centripetal acceleration when running trolley passes through support are added (see 3.2.3);



——Additional value of dynamic deflection for carrying rope, carrying-hauling rope and hauling rope is revised (see 3.1.8.2; 3.1.8.2 of Edition 2007);



——Running speed of different suspension tools for fixed grip ropeway is revised (reduced) (see Table 3 of 3.2.1; Table 3 of 3.2.1 in Edition 2007);



——Running speed of different suspension tools for fixed grip ropeway in station is revised (reduced) (see Table 4 of 3.2.2; Table 4 of 3.2.2 in Edition 2007);



——Interval time for detachable chairlift ski ropeway is revised from 5s to 6s (see 3.3.2; 3.3.2 of Edition 2007);



——Interval time for fixed grip cabinlift (bucket) ropeway is revised: 8 times is changed to 10 times and 12s to 10s (see 3.3.3; 3.3.3 of Edition 2007)



——Spacing requirements for 4-person cabinlift of fixed grip cabinlift (bucket) are added (see 3.3.3);



——Statement on speed and spacing of ropeway with mixed suspension tools is added (see 3.3.5);



——Restriction on number of person in suspension tools of monocable circulating ropeway is added and revised (see 3.4);



——Requirements for number of person in cabinlift of reversible ropeway are deleted (see 3.4.2.2 of Edition 2007);



——Value of emergency brake deceleration is revised (according to ropeway types) (see 3.6.2.2; 3.6.2.2 of Edition 2007);



——μ value of synthetic resin is added (see Table 6 of 3.6.3.1);



——Conversion wind pressure acting on chord length of span is added (see 3.6.4.1);



——Calculation formula for wind pressure which may be used to calculate wind pressure at speed of 36 m/s is added (see 3.6.4.1);



——Wind pressure calculation when it is uniformly distributed on span steel wire rope span is added (see 3.6.4.2);



——Calculation and application of snow load are revised (see 3.6.5; 3.6.5 of Edition 2007);



——Dynamic load is added (see 3.6.6);



——Acting force during installation and maintenance is added (see 3.6.7);



——Additional acting force is added (see 3.6.8);



——Standards that steel wire rope shall meet are modified (see 4.1.1; 4.1.1 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for the maximum safety coefficient of splicing steel wire rope are added (see 4.2.1.4);



——Bending deflection ratio of hauling rope, carrying-hauling rope and the like on stationary drum is added (see Table 11 of 4.2.3);



——Description of wrap angle > π is deleted and selection requirements for detachable ropeway are added (see Table 11 of 4.2.3 in Edition 2007);



——General requirements for fixation and connection of hauling rope are added (see 4.3);



——Requirements for fixation and connection of steel wire rope are added (see 4.3.2~4.3.7);



——Overlapped parts with regulation on inspection and discard of steel wire ropes (GB/T 9075) are deleted (see 4.4 and 4.5 of Edition 2007);



——Manufacturing requirements for driving device are added (see 5.1.1.4);



——Requirements for working brake are added (see 5.1.7.9);



——Requirements for safety brake are added (see 5.1.7.10);



——Requirements for electrical device of brake are added (see 5.1.7.11);



——Requirements for hydraulic device of brake are added (see 5.1.7.12);



——Fatigue calculation coefficient for shaft is modified (see 5.3.2; 5.3.2 of Edition 2007);



——Force measuring requirements for grip are added (see 5.5);



——"If vehicle stopper to restrict vehicle spacing is installed only in one station, departure spacing shall not be changed in another station" in 2007 Edition is deleted (5.7.3 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for departure interval deviation are deleted (see 5.7.1 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for opening and closing of chairlift cover are modified (see 5.8.2; 5.8.2 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for guide way for door opening/closing mechanism are added (see 5.8.3);



——Requirements for suspended haul rope support are modified and changed from 5.12 to 7.3 (see 7.3; 5.12 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for ground surface conveyer equipment in station are added (see 5.12);



——Requirements for vehicle groove length are modified (see 6.2.1.5; 6.2.1.1 of Edition 2007);



——Calculation requirements for support strength are modified (see 7.1.8; 7.1.8 in Edition 2007);



——Fatigue calculation methods for support are added (see 7.1.9);



——Safety requirements for saddle are added (see 7.2.1.8, 7.2.1.9 and 7.2.1.10);



——Requirements for installation position of catcher are added (see 7.2.3.3);



——Detachable protective requirements for support (compression) sheave are added (see 7.2.3.4);



——Yield safety coefficient of balance beam for support sheave battery is modified and detailed according to load-carrying conditions (see 7.2.3.9; 7.2.3.10 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for inside plate calculation are added (see 7.2.3.12);



——Requirements for manufacture of support (compression) sheave are added (see 7.2.3.13);



——Requirements that hanging position and hanging mode for rescue device shall be taken into consideration are added (see 8.1.7);



——Human impact force in detachable ropeway carriage is added (see 8.2);



——Safety coefficient of bearing member for delivery vehicle is modified from breaking strength 5 into yield strength 3 (see 8.2.2; 8.2.2 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for guide shoe are added (see 8.4.3);



——Two items of requirements, i.e. hauling rope diameter and friction coefficient of driving sheave for the conditions of reversible ropeway without passenger car brake are added (see 8.5.1);



——Requirements for the braking force of brake are modified (see 8.5.5; 8.5.5 of Edition 2007)



——Requirements for 4mm abrasion of brake friction plate are deleted (see 8.5.9 of Edition 2007);



——Requirements for strength of cabinlift handrail are added (see 8.6.3);



——Requirements that opening door on both sides of 4-person cabinlift are added (see 8.6.7);



——Safety requirements for chairlift guard ring are added (see 8.10.2);



——Control point for delivery vehicle is deleted (see 9.1.8 of Edition 2007);



——"If dual-drive structure is adopted, each motor shall work in each operating mode" is deleted (see 9.2.7 of Edition 2007);



——"Driving direction of vehicles shall be able to be changed on the line" and "even if position stroke indicator is damaged, vehicle position control function shall be provided" are deleted (see 9.3.8 of Edition 2007);



——Clamping force test for detachable grip is added (see 9.6.1);



——Requirements for error between actual value with motor revolution number and given rotary number are added (see 9.2.4.5);



——Requirements for running speed and deceleration monitoring are added (see 9.3.7, 9.3.8 and 9.3.10);



——Control room requirements are added (see 9.3.5 and 9.3.7);



——Stop control requirements are added or revised (see 9.2.4.7 to 9.2.4.16);



——Running control requirements are added (see 9.2.5.1, 9.2.5.2, 9.2.5.7, 9.2.5.10 and 9.2.5.11).



This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of State Administration for Market Regulation.



The previous editions of this standard are as follows:



——GB 12352-1990, GB 12352-2007.





Safety Code for Passengers Aerial Ropeways



1 Scope



This standard specifies the most basic safety requirements for design, manufacture, installation, inspection, use and management, etc. of passenger aerial ropeway.



It is applicable to reversible passenger aerial ropeway and circulating passenger aerial ropeway.



It is not applicable to material ropeway, passenger funiculars, hauling ropeway, non-public passenger ropeway and commuting ropeway for mine and down-hole use.



2 Normative References



The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.



GB 146.2 Structure Gauge for Standard Gauge Railway

GB/T 188 Locomotive and Car Clearance Boundary and Structure Clearance Boundary for 762mm Gauge Railways: Classification and Basic Dimensions

GB/T 229 Metallic Materials - Charpy Pendulum Impact Test Method

GB/T 352 Locked Coil Wire Ropes

GB/T 1031 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Surface Texture: Profile method - Surface roughness Parameters and Their Values

GB/T 8918 Steel Wire Ropes for Important Purposes

GB/T 9075 Code for Examination and Discard of Ropes for Ropeway

GB/T 24731 General Technical Conditions for Drive of Passenger Ropeway

GB/T 24732 General Technical Conditions for Support (Compression) Sheave of Passenger Ropeway

GB/T 26722 Steel Wire Ropes for Ropeway

GB 50007 Code for Design of Building Foundation

GB 50009-2012 Load Code for the Design of Building Structures

GB 50010 Code for Design of Concrete Structures

GB 50017 Code for Design of Steel Structures

GB 50061 Code for Design of 66kV or under Overhead Electrical Power Transmission Line

GB 50231 General Code for Construction and Acceptance of Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering

NB/T 47013

(all parts) Nondestructive Testing of Pressure Equipment

DL/T 1561.1~1561.17 Specification for Construction Quality Checkout and Evaluation of Electric Equipment Installation – Part 1: General Rules



3 General Requirements



3.1 Line



3.1.1 Line selection



3.1.1.1 In case of ropeway line selection, such things shall be taken into consideration as requirements of local climate, geographical conditions, main traffic lines that the ropeways cross over and other building facilities that they cross over as well as the emergency rescue.



3.1.1.2 The projection of the center line of ropeway line on a plane shall be a straight line (ropeway with angle station and triangle ropeway are exceptional).



3.1.1.3 The following areas shall be avoided for construction of ropeway line and station site:



——the areas at air outlet of hilly area, which is orthogonal to the prevailing wind direction;



——the areas with factors such as avalanche, landslide, collapse, karst cave, windstorm, tsunami, flood and fire, etc. that endanger safety of the ropeway, unless approved by the competent departments and provided with preventive measures;



——corresponding measures shall be adopted for any ropeway constructed near military installation according to the requirements of military base management organizations.



3.1.2 Maximum inclination angle



Maximum inclination angle of steel wire rope of circulating passenger aerial ropeway shall not be greater than 0.785 rad.



3.1.3 Length of span



3.1.3.1 The tangent inclination angle change between unloaded rope ) or no-load rope ) (depending on the equipment type) and full-load rope ) at the span end should not be greater than 0.15 rad in any span of the line. The above-mentioned requirements are not applicable to double-bearing reversible ropeway and circulating ropeway.



3.1.3.2 Descending angle (chord inclination angle) of the first span for station house adjacent to monocable circulating detachable grip ropeway shall not be greater than 0.01rad. The distance between the switch for testing grip closing reliability in station and slope change point downward station entrance shall not be less than 1.2 times of the brake stroke triggered by the switch; the monocable double loop ropeway does not observe to the above-mentioned restriction (1.2 times of brake distance).



3.1.3.3 For bicable circulating detachable grip aerial ropeway, carrying rope shall depart in elevation angle(chord inclination angle), which shall not be less than 0.1 rad. The distance between the switch for testing grip closing reliability in station and slope change point downward station entrance shall not be less than 1.2 times of the brake stroke triggered by the switch; when specific non-grip closing preventer is adopted to meet the conditions that detachable grip and hauling rope are closed reliably by grip during the departure of detachable grip, the above-mentioned restriction (1.2 times of brake distance) may not be followed. Non-grip closing preventer shall be provided with:



——non-electrically controlled mechanical structure;



——compulsory or restriction function for the grip closing of grip and hauling rope;



——the state of this device may be monitored;



——this device shall have been subjected to reliability test.



3.1.4 Transverse clearance



3.1.4.1 Clearance between delivery vehicle and support shall meet the requirements specified in Table 1.



Table 1 Clearance Requirements between Delivery Vehicle and Support

Delivery vehicle Support conditions Permissible oscillation/rad Distance to the support (m)

Enclosed Without guiding device 0.34 —

Enclosed, without steward and V>5.0m/s With guiding device 0.24 —

Enclosed, without steward and V≤5.0m/s With guiding device 0.20 —

Enclosed, with steward who can't control the stop of vehicle in the vehicle and V>7.0m/s With guiding device 0.15 —

Enclosed, with steward who can control the stop of vehicle in the vehicle and V≤7.0m/s With guiding device 0.12 —

Open (without passengers) Without guiding device 0.34 —

Open (with passengers) Without guiding device 0.20 0.5



For double-carrying reversible and circulating aerial ropeways and monocable double loop aerial ropeway, in case of no guiding device, 0.15 rad transverse deflection is allowed and the safety distance to the support is 0.3m.



3.1.4.2 When two passenger cars of reversible passenger ropeway run in opposite direction across the span with swing inward by 0.20 rad, the clearance between the two cars shall not be less than 0.2m when they meet.



3.1.4.3 For single-side reversible running ropeway, when the car swings inward of 0.20 rad, the minimum clearance between the passenger car and horizontal projection of hauling rope on the other side shall not be less than 2.0m.



3.1.4.4 For monocable circulating passenger ropeway, when two lifting equipment run across the span with swing inward of 0.20 rad, the clearance between the two enclosed lifting equipment shall not be less than 0.2m when they meet and shall not be less than 0.5m at station entrance or exit.



3.1.4.5 The horizontal clearance between the passenger car and obstacles at outer side shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 2.



Table 2 Requirements for the Horizontal Clearance between the Passenger Car and

Obstacles at Outer Side

Delivery vehicle deflection Obstacle Clearance/m

Outward deflection

(0.34 rad) Building (without personnel passing through) 1.5

Building (with personnel passing through) 2.5

Highway, mountain and passages in forest 1.5

Overhead power line Complying with relevant standards

Note: Station house area is not subjected to this restriction.



3.1.4.6 In case the lines of two ropeways are parallel and close to each other, the distance between their center lines, A, shall be calculated according to Formula (1).



(1)



Where,



K1, K2——the gauge between the two lines, m;



B1, B2——the delivery vehicle width on the two lines, m;



h1, h2——the delivery vehicle height on the two lines, m;



s——the maximum vertical distance between carrying ropes or carrying-hauling ropes on the two lines, m.



3.1.5 Gauge



3.1.5.1 When determining the gauge, the relevant requirements of 3.1.4 shall be met. For gauge across the span on the line, the transverse deflection generated by wind pressure on steel wire rope of one side of the line shall be added during running and the minimum wind pressure is adopted according to the requirements of 3.6.4.1. When the chord length of span is greater than 400m, transverse deflection acting on steel wire rope is calculated according to conversion wind load (see 3.6.4.2). Reversible ropeway at station entrance is not subjected to this restriction.



3.1.5.2 Transverse deflection of steel wire rope in mid-span f is calculated according to Formula (2).



(2)



Where,



C——the shape factor (see 3.6.4.3);



q——the wind pressure, kN/m2;



d——the diameter of steel wire rope, m;



Smin——the minimum tension of steel wire rope in mid-span, kN;



LH——the conversion chord length (see 3.6.4.2), m.



3.1.5.3 Generally, the gauge of ropeway shall remain the same; in case of required changes, deflection of the steel wire rope on the plane shall be calculated; when wind force and dynamic load influence are not considered, tolerances are as follows:



——in case of static load, horizontal force caused by deflection of steel wire rope shall not exceed 10% of steel wire rope vertical force;



——for bicable aerial ropeway, horizontal angle formed by carrying rope on saddle shall not exceed 0.005 rad;



——for monocable aerial ropeway, horizontal angle formed by carrying rope on support (compression) sheave battery shall not exceed 0.005 rad;



——for relatively big deflections in unconformity with the above-mentioned requirements, safety measures shall be taken to guarantee the delivery vehicle passes the support safely.



3.1.6 Longitudinal deflection of delivery vehicle



Delivery vehicle of circulating ropeway shall not touch the steel wire rope and the line support when it is on the line and after 0.34 rad deflection in longitudinal direction in the station; longitudinal deflection of reversible ropeway vehicle on the line shall not exceed 0.34 rad and the vehicle shall not touch the support saddle, and after 0.15 rad deflection in longitudinal direction in the station, it shall not touch any structures in vehicle and the safety distance for the personnel to pass shall be ensured; after 0.34 rad deflection in longitudinal direction in the station, detachable ropeway shall not touch any in-station structure except for in-station ground guiding device.



3.1.7 Permissible maximum ground clearance



3.1.7.1 Besides the influence of most unfavorable load condition and ground transverse slope, delivery vehicle type and rescue possibility shall also be taken into consideration for the maximum ground clearance of aerial ropeway.



3.1.7.2 Permissible maximum line ground clearance for aerial ropeway of enclosed delivery vehicle shall not be greater than 45m. For circulating detachable grip cabinlift ropeway and pulsation circulating fixed grip cabinlift ropeway, when there are not greater than 5 cabinlifts in total at sections exceeding 45m on each side, the maximum permissible ground clearance is 60m; if it is more than 60m, facilities for horizontal rescue of passengers shall be provided. For reversible ropeway, the permissible maximum ground clearance is more than 60m; when it is more than 100m, facilities for horizontal rescue of passengers shall be provided.



3.1.7.3 For aerial ropeway of open delivery vehicle, permissible maximum line ground clearance for chairlift ropeway for tourist purpose shall not be greater than 15m. For chairlift ropeway for ski purpose, when the total length of partial section of ropeway line on each side is not greater than 200m or within 50m, the permissible maximum ground clearance for this section is 20m and 25m respectively.



3.1.7.4 Permissible maximum line ground clearance for bucket ropeway shall not be greater than 25m. When the total length of partial section of ropeway line on each side is not greater than 200m or within 50m, the permissible maximum ground clearance for this section is 30m and 35m respectively.



3.1.8 Permissible minimum ground clearance



3.1.8.1 The distance between the lowest point of full-load passenger car and the ground shall not be less than the following values.



——for areas without personnel passing through or isolation zone forbidden to pass, it is 2m;



——for the ground under the line which allows the passengers to pass, it is 3m;



——the sections crossing roads or public facilities shall meet the requirements of 3.1.9.



Note 1: For sections in station house and between station entrance supports, it may not be limited by the above-mentioned conditions.



Note 2: Snow thickness influence shall be taken into consideration for the minimum distance above the ground.



3.1.8.2 When the minimum distance above the ground is determined, besides taking static position as criterion, dynamic additional value shall also be taken into consideration, i.e. the maximum value in the following data shall be deducted.



——1% of adjacent support spacing;



——5% of carrying rope static deflection;



——25% of carrying-hauling rope deflection;



——20% of hauling rope and balancing rope deflection.



3.1.9 Overpass and avoidance for line



3.1.9.1 In case of cross-over or parallel to railway, highway, ropeway, wire, waterway and the like, they shall be not interfered with one another; safety may be ensured in normal running and during maintenance and the normal rescue work won't be influenced.



3.1.9.2 When ropeway crosses over the following areas, the minimum vertical distance between the lowest point and cross-over object shall meet the following requirements:



——in case of crossing over national main lines, it shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB 146.2;



——in case of crossing over local railway main lines, it shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 188;



——in case of crossing over electric pipeline, in accordance with the requirements of GB 50061; in case of crossing with electric line, the ropeway line shall pass below the electric line as possible, if unavailable, safety protection facility shall be installed at lower part of ropeway;



——in case of crossing over Grade I and Grade II highways, it shall not be less than 5.0m; for Class III and Class IV highways, it shall not be less than 4.5m.



——in case of crossing over waterway, the vertical distance between it and the vessel mast top at maximum flood level (plus back water and wave height) shall not be less than 1.0m;



——in case of crossing over residential area or arable land, the vertical distance above the ground shall not be less than 5.0m;



——in case of crossing over buildings, the vertical distance with the building top shall not be less than 2.0m;



——in case of crossing over fruit bearing forest and cash crop forest, the distance with the high point of forest shall not be less than 1.5m and the tree growth height during trimming period shall also be taken into consideration;



——in case of crossing over track of ski resort, the distance with ski track surface shall not be less than 3.5m.



3.1.9.3 In case of crossing over other ropeways, the following requirements shall be met:



——the distance between the lowest edge of suspension equipment or hauling rope and support of the below ropeway or other constructions shall not be less than 1.5m;



——when the hauling rope is in the maximum deflection, the distance between it and the highest position of carrying-hauling rope shall not be less than 3.0m;



——when the hauling rope is in the maximum deflection, the distance between it and no-load carrying rope when its tension is increased by 10% shall not be less than 3.0m;



——in case of crossing over hauling ropeway, besides with its communication cable, the distance with the highest position of hauling ropeway no-load rope shall also be less than 3.0m.



3.1.9.4 When the communication cable is laid along the ropeway support, its line shall be above the no-load rope or below the full-load running track; when the lifting equipment has 0.20 rad deflection transversely, the safety distance with it shall not be less than 0.5m.



3.2 Running Speed



3.2.1 The maximum running speed of delivery vehicle on line shall not exceed the value specified in Table 3.



Table 3 Requirements for the Maximum Running Speed of Delivery Vehicle on Line

Ropeway type Service conditions Maximum running speed/(m/s)

Reversible ropeway Bicable With steward who can control the stop of car in carriage Across the span 12.0

Across the support and running on the hard track 10.0

Without steward in carriage Across the span 7.0

Across the support Single carrying rope 6.0

Double carrying rope 7.0

Monocable Across the span 6.0

Across the support 5.0

Bicable pulsation circulating ropeway Without steward in carriage 5.0

With steward in carriage 7.0

Circulating detachable grip ropeway Bicable Single carrying rope 6.0

Double carrying rope 7.0

Monocable 1 carrying-hauling rope 6.0

2 carrying-hauling ropes (monocable double loop) 7.0

Circulating fixed grip ropeway Monocable pulsation Semi-closed or enclosed suspension equipment 5.0

Monocable in a row Open chairlift Conveying skiers Single person or 2 persons 2.0

3 or 4 persons 1.8

6 persons 1.5

Conveying non-skiers 1.25

Cabinlift and bucket for 2 persons 1.0

Cabinlift and bucket for 4 persons 0.8

Pulsation circulating ropeway Enclosed carrier vehicle 0.5



3.2.3 The maximum running speed of delivery vehicle in station (getting on/off position) shall not exceed the value specified in Table 4.





Table 4 Requirements for the Maximum Running Speed of Delivery Vehicle

in Station (Getting on/off Position)

Ropeway type Use conditions Maximum running speed/(m/s)

Circulating detachable grip ropeway Enclosed delivery vehicle 0.5

Open delivery vehicle Conveying skiers 1.2

Conveying non-skiers, getting on or off from the front 1.0

The person gets on or off from the lateral side 0.5

Circulating fixed grip ropeway Conveying skiers Chairlift for single person or 2 persons 2.0

Chairlift for 3 or 4 persons 1.8

Chairlift for 6 persons 1.5

Conveying non-skiers Chairlift for single person or 2 persons 1.25

Cabinlift and bucket for 2 persons 1.0

Cabinlift and bucket for 4 persons 0.8

Bicable pulsation circulating ropeway Enclosed delivery vehicle 0.5



3.2.3 For delivery vehicle of any ropeway, in case of crossing the bearing structure of line, centripetal acceleration of the delivery vehicle shall not exceed 2.5m/s2.



3.3 Minimum Interval for Delivery Vehicle



3.3.1 See Table 5 for the minimum interval between chairlifts of fixed grip chairlift ropeway.



Table 5 Permissible Minimum Interval

Ropeway type Permissible minimum interval

For single person Not less than 5s

For double-person 2 persons getting on or off at the same time Not less than 8s

2 persons getting on or off at different time Not less than 10s

Conveying skiers Not less than 7s



3.3.2 The minimum interval between chairlifts of detachable grip chairlift ropeway (for conveying skier) shall not be less than 6s.



3.3.3 For fixed grip two-person cabinlift and two-person bucket type ropeway, the minimum interval between cabinlifts (or buckets) is 10 times of the running speed and shall not be less than 10s; for cabinlift for 4 persons, it shall not be less than 18s.



3.3.4 For detachable grip cabinlift ropeway, the minimum spacing between cabinlifts shall not be less than 1.5 times of running process in normal stop and not less than 9s.



3.3.5 For ropeway with delivery vehicle shuffling, the larger values in 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3 and 3.3.4 shall prevail according to the vehicle type.



3.4 Permissible Passenger Capacity



3.4.1 The maximum passenger-carrying number for single chairlift of chairlift ski ropeway is 6 and that for single chairlift of chairlift non-ski ropeway is 2.



3.4.2 The maximum passenger-carrying number for cabinlift (bucket) of monocable circulating fixed grip ropeway is 4.



3.4.3 The maximum passenger-carrying number for delivery vehicle of monocable circulating detachable grip ropeway and monocable circulating pulsation type fixed grip ropeway is 8, excluding monocable double loop ropeway.



3.5 Safety of Steel Wire Rope on Support Saddle and Support (Compression) Sheave



3.5.1 Bicable ropeway



3.5.1.1 When maximum tension of carrying rope is added by 40%, the minimum load of carrying rope to support saddle shall not be negative value; when decreased by 40%, the minimum load of carrying rope to deflecting saddle (only in station house) shall not be negative value.



3.5.1.2 The bevel of empty carrying rope on support saddle shall not be less than 0.02 rad.



3.5.1.3 The minimum load of carrying rope to support saddle shall not be less than half of the sum of upward wind powder of 0.5kN/m2 wind pressure borne by chord length of adjacent span carrying rope.



3.5.1.4 The total force of the minimum load of carrying rope at no-load to support saddle and the horizontal wind power shall act in rope groove.



3.5.1.5 In uniform motion state, when the maximum tension of hauling rope is increased by 40%, the minimum load of hauling rope to support sheave battery of support shall not be negative value.



3.5.1.6 When ropeway stops, the minimum pressure of hauling rope on support sheave battery of support shall not be less than half of the upward wind powder of hauling rope on two adjacent spans acted by 0.8kN/m2-wind pressure.



3.5.2 Monocable ropeway



3.5.2.1 The minimum supporting force on line tower:



——in case of running at constant speed, the minimum support load shall be calculated according to 1.5 times of upward wind powder of 0.25kN/m2 wind pressure acting on chord length of adjacent span unloaded rope or chord length of relatively long span for support cable.



——in case of stop, the minimum support load shall be calculated according to half of total upward wind powder of 0.8kN/m2 wind pressure acting on chord length of adjacent span unloaded rope or chord length of no-load rope.



——in case of uniform motion, the minimum support load shall be calculated according to 1.5 times of total downward wind powder of 0.25kN/m2 wind pressure acting on relatively long chord length of adjacent span full load rope for support cable.



3.5.2.2 The minimum load of line support (compression) sheave:



——for support of support sheave in hollow section, when the maximum tension of carrying-hauling rope is increased by 40%, the minimum load of carrying-hauling rope on support sheave battery shall be not negative value;



——on support of compression sheave, when the minimum tension of carrying-hauling rope is decreased by 20% and the effective load is increased by 25% at the same time, the carrying-hauling rope shall not leave compression sheave.



3.5.2.3 The minimum sheave load of carrying-hauling rope in uniform motion shall not be less than 500N and meet Formula (3):



A≥500+50[d-(D1-D2)] (3)



Where,



A——the minimum sheave load, N;



d——the diameter of steel wire rope, mm;



D1——the outside diameter of complete sheave, mm;



D2——the liner groove bottom diameter of new sheave, mm;



The value of Formula (3) for no-load rope is allowed to reduce by 50%.



3.5.2.4 The minimum sheave load of support (compression) sheave relative to carrying-hauling rope of combined type support (compression) sheave battery shall be determined according to the requirements of 3.5.2.3.



3.5.3 Bevel of support (compression) sheave



3.5.3.1 The maximum bevel of each support (compression) sheave on monocable ropeway shall not be greater than 0.08 rad.



3.5.3.2 The bevel of each support (compression) sheave on hauling rope or counter rope on bicable ropeway shall not be greater than 0.08 rad.



3.6 Line Calculation and Calculated Acting Force for Steel Wire Rope



3.6.1 Load



3.6.1.1 Deadweight of steel wire rope and delivery vehicle shall be in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. The deviation between actual mass and design mass shall not be greater than ±3% and the actual mass shall be in accordance with the taken values for line calculation and steel wire rope calculation.



3.6.1.2 Effective load: if the capacity is 15 persons or below, weight per capita shall be calculated according to 740N; if the capacity is above 16 persons, the weight per capita shall be calculated according to 690N; for the skier ropeway, weight of 50N equipment per capita shall be added for the skier ropeways.



3.6.2 Dynamic action force (inertia force)



3.6.2.1 The minimum start acceleration is the inertial force at 0.15m/s2.



3.6.2.2 When deceleration is the following value, the inertial forces are:



——in running braking, the minimum deceleration is 0.4 m/s2;



——emergency braking deceleration for circulating ropeway and braking deceleration for braking system shall not be greater than 1.5m/s2; for reversible, detachable bicable circulating and pulsation ropeways, braking deceleration for braking system shall not be greater than 2.0m/s2.



3.6.2.3 The following dynamic action forces shall be verified for special circumstances:



——when there are two or more hauling ropes for the equipment, dynamic action force caused by a hauling rope fracture;



——dynamic action force on the whole hauling rope after the braking of the passenger car brake if equipment has passenger car brake.



3.6.3 Friction coefficient μzul



3.6.3.1 For the purpose of calculating passing force of driving wheel (refer to 5.1.5), permissible friction coefficient μzul in Table 6 shall be adopted.



Table 6 Permissible Friction Coefficient μzul

Liner material Friction factor during uniform motion Friction coefficient under starting and braking operating condition

Steel rope groove or cast iron rope groove 0.07 0.07

Rubber and plastic liner etc. 0.2 0.22

Flexible aluminum liner (brinell hardness ≤500N/mm2) 0.2 0.2

Synthetic resin 0.25 0.3

Note: Actual friction coefficients of other engineering materials are obtained through tests.



3.6.3.2 During line calculation, resistance coefficient specified in Table 7 shall be adopted.



Table 7 Resistance Coefficient

Equipment name Resistance coefficient

Support (compression) sheave Rubber liner 0.025

Plastic liner 0.020

Wheels of running trolley Rubber liner 0.020

Plastic liner 0.020

Guide sheave Adopting rolling bearing 0.003

Adopting sliding bearing 0.010

Roller chain of carrying rope With rolling bearing 0.005

With sliding bearing 0.010

Take-up trolley 0.010

Carrying rope saddle 0.10



3.6.4 Wind load



3.6.4.1 For calculation, the shape coefficient is multiplied by the following wind load:



a) In running: q=0.25 kN/m2.



In case of stop: q=0.8 kN/m2, when the wind speed is greater than 36m/s, q value is calculated in accordance with the relevant requirements of Chapter 8 and Annex E in GB 50009-2012.



b) When the altitude is more than 3 000m, the above-mentioned q value is allowed to be decreased by 20%.



c) If the load formed by wind pressure is distributed uniformly on the total length of steel wire rope of cross-span line, the wind pressure may be taken according to Formula (4) based on span chord length L (only applicable to stop condition):

Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 General Requirements
3.1 Line
3.2 Running Speed
3.3 Minimum Interval for Delivery Vehicle
3.4 Permissible Passenger Capacity
3.5 Safety of Steel Wire Rope on Support Saddle and Support (Compression) Sheave
3.6 Line Calculation and Calculated Acting Force for Steel Wire Rope
3.7 Rescue
3.8 Quality Assurance
4 Steel Wire Rope
4.1 Selection Principle of Steel Wire Rope
4.2 Determination of Steel Wire Rope Parameters
4.3 Fixation and Connection of Steel Wire Rope
4.4 Inspection and Discard
5 In-station Mechanical Equipment
5.1 Driving Device
5.2 Rope Sheave
5.3 Transmission Shaft, Rotating Shaft and Mandrel
5.4 Take-up Device
5.5 Grip Opening/Closing Device
5.6 Acceleration/Deceleration Device
5.7 Car Switching Device
5.8 Door Opening/Closing Device
5.9 Position Indicator
5.10 Vehicle Guiding Device
5.11 Buffer
5.12 Conveying Equipment
6 Station House
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Platform
7 Line Facilities
7.1 Support and Foundation
7.2 Device on Support
7.3 Suspended Haul Rope Support
8 Delivery Vehicle
8.1 General Requirements
8.2 Calculation
8.3 Fixed Grip and Detachable Grip
8.4 Running Trolley
8.5 Passenger Car Brake
8.6 Cabinlift
8.7 Carriage of Reversible Ropeway
8.8 Carriage Door
8.9 Hanger
8.10 Chairlift
8.11 Rescue Vehicle
8.12 Maintenance Suspension Tool
9 Electrical Equipment
9.1 General Requirements
9.2 Control
9.3 Safety
9.4 Communication and Display
9.5 Lightning Protection
9.6 Testing
10 Installation
10.1 General Requirements
10.2 Installation of Steel Structure and Line Equipment
10.3 Installation of Steel Wire Rope
10.4 Installation of In-station Equipment
11 Test Run
11.1 General Requirements
11.2 No-load Test Run
11.3 Loaded Test Run
11.4 Test Run of Emergency Drive (or Rescue Drive, Auxiliary Drive)
12 Operation
12.1 Personnel and Tasks
12.2 Running
12.3 Maintenance
13 Signs
13.1 Road Traffic Signs
13.2 Road Traffic Markings
13.3 Aviation Obstruction Sign
13.4 Special Prompt for Chairlift Ropeway

客运架空索道安全规范
1 范围
本标准规定了客运架空索道的设计、制造、安装、检验、使用与管理等方面最基本的安全要求。
本标准适用于往复式客运架空索道和循环式客运架空索道。
本标准不适用于货运索道、地面缆车、拖牵索道、非公用客运索道以及矿山井下专业用途的通勤索道。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本文件。
GB 146.2 标准轨距铁路建筑限界
GB/T 188 76毫米轨距铁路机车车辆限界和建筑接近限界分类及基本尺寸
GB/T 229 金属材料 夏比摆锤冲击试验方法
GB/T 352 密封钢丝绳
GB/T 1031 产品几何技术规范（GPS）表面结构 轮廓法 表面粗糙度参数及其数值
GB/T 8918 重要用途钢丝绳
GB/T 9075 索道用钢丝绳检验和报废规范
GB/T 24731 客运索道驱动装置通用技术条件
GB/T 24732 客运索道托（压）索轮通用技术条件
GB/T 26722 索道用钢丝绳
GB 50007 建筑地基基础设计规范
GB 50009—2012 建筑结构荷载规范
GB 50010 混凝土结构设计规范
GB 50017 钢结构设计规范
GB 50061 工业与民用66千伏及以下架空电力线路设计规范
GB 50231 机械设备安装工程施工及验收通用规范
NB/T 47013 （所有部分）承压设备无损检测
DL/T 1561.1～1561.17 电气装置安装工程质量检验及评定规程
3 一般规定
3.1 线路
3.1.1 线路的选择
3.1.1.1 选择索道线路时，应考虑当地气候、地理条件、索道要经过的交通要道和跨越的其他建筑设施以及紧急救援的要求。
3.1.1.2 索道线路中心线在水平面上的投影应为一直线（带转角站及三角形索道例外）。
3.1.1.3 索道线路和站址应避免建在下列地区：
——山地风口，并与主导风向正交的地段上；
——有雪崩、滑坡、塌方、溶洞、风暴、海啸、洪水、火灾等危及索道安全的地区，经过主管部门的批准，采取预防措施时例外；
——凡是建在军事设施附近的索道，应按照军事基地管理单位的要求采取相应的措施。
3.1.2 最大倾角
循环式客运架空索道其钢丝绳的最大倾角不应超过0.785 rad。
3.1.3 跨距长度
3.1.3.1 线路上任一跨距中空载索” 或空索” （根据设备类型而定）与满载索 在此跨距端部切线倾角的变化不宜大于0.15 rad。对于双承载的往复式和循环式索道上述规定不适用。
3.1.3.2 单线循环式脱挂抱索器索道相邻站房一跨的俯角（弦倾角）不应大于0.01rad。站内任一检测抱索器挂接可靠性的开关至站口向下变坡点的距离应不小于该开关所触发的制动行程的1.2倍；对于单线双环路索道不受上述1.2倍制动距离的限制。
3.1.3.3对双线循环式脱挂抱索器架空索道，承载索应仰角出站，仰角（弦倾角）应不小于0.1rad。站内任一检测抱索器挂接可靠性的开关至站口向下变坡点的距离应不小于该开关所触发的制动行程的1.2倍；当采用特定的防未挂接装置以满足脱挂抱索器出站时和牵引索可靠挂接的条件，可以不受上述1.2倍制动距离的限制。防未挂接装置应具备：
——应是非电控的机械式结构；
——对抱索器与牵引索的挂接具有强制性或约束性功能；
——该装置的状态可监控；
——该装置应经过可靠性试验。
3.1.4 横向净空
3.1.4.1 运载工具与支架间的净空应符合表1的规定。
表1 运载工具与支架间的净空要求
运载工具 支架情况 允许摆动/rad 离支架距离/m
封闭式 无导向装置 0.34 —
封闭式无乘务员且V＞5.0m/s 有导向装置 0.24 —
封闭式无乘务员且V≤5.0m/s 有导向装置 0.20 —
封闭式有乘务员并不能在车内控制停车且V＞7.0m/s 有导向装置 0.15 —
封闭式有乘务员并能在车内控制
停车且V≤7.0m/s 有导向装置 0.12 —
敞开式（无乘客） 无导向装置 0.34 —
敞开式（有乘客） 无导向装置 0.20 0.5
对于双承载往复式和循环式架空索道、单线双环路架空索道，在没有导向装置的情况下，允许横向偏摆0.15 rad，离支架的安全距离为0.3m。
3.1.4.2 往复式客运索道两客车在跨间相对运行时，同时向内侧摆动0.20 rad，相遇时两客车之间的净空不应小于0.2m。
3.1.4.3 单侧往复运行的索道，客车向内侧摆动0.20 rad时，与另一侧牵引索水平投影的最小净空不应小于2.0m。
3.1.4.4 对于单线循环式客运索道，两吊具在跨间运行时同时向内侧摆动0.20 rad时，相遇时两封闭式吊具之间的净空不应小于0.2m；两敞开式吊具之间的净空应不小于1m；在进站口或出站口应不小于0.5m。
3.1.4.5 客车与外侧障碍物的水平净空应符合表2的规定。
表2 客车与外侧障碍物的水平净空要求
运载工具偏摆 障碍物 净空/m
向外偏摆（0.34rad） 建筑物（无人员通行） 1.5
建筑物（有人员通行） 2.5
林间通道、公路、山体 1.5
架空电力线路 按有关标准规定
注：对站房区域不受此限。
3.1.4.6 两条索道线路平行靠近时，其中心线的距离A应按式（1）计算：
……………………（1）
式中：
K1，K2——两条线路索距，单位为米（m）；
B1，B2——两条线路上运载工具宽度，单位为米（m）；
h1，h2——两条线路上运载工具高度，单位为米（m）；
s ——两条线路上承载索或运载索之间的最大垂直距离，单位为米（m）。
3.1.5 索距
3.1.5.1 在确定索距时应满足3.1.4的有关规定。在线路跨间的索距，还应加上线路一侧钢丝绳受运行时风压作用产生的横向偏摆量，最小风压按3.6.4.1选取。当跨距弦长大于400m时，按换算风荷载（见3.6.4.2）计算作用在钢丝绳的横向偏摆量。对于往复式索道在站口处不受此限。
3.1.5.2 跨中钢丝绳横向偏摆量f按式（2）计算：
……………………（2）
式中：
C——体型系数（见3.6.4.3）；
q——风压，单位为千牛每平方米（kN/m2）；
d——钢丝绳直径，单位为米（m）；
Smin——跨中钢丝绳的最小张力，单位为千牛（kN）；
LH——换算弦长（见3.6.4.2），单位为米（m）。
3.1.5.3 通常索道的索距应保持不变，当需要改变时，应计算钢丝绳在水平面上所形成的偏斜，在未考虑风力和动荷载影响时，允许偏差如下：
——在任何静荷载情况下钢丝绳由于偏斜而引起的水平力不应超过钢丝绳垂直力的10%；
——对双线架空索道，承载索在鞍座上形成的水平角不应超过0.005 rad；
——对单规允车丝机，引件丝隔数（钢）丝绳组人形成定水平角不础超过0.005rad；
——对于不符合人述指导定较大辆斜，础采向在支措连托压引件一般在支装过时允。
3.1.6 言推荐性前强为制摆
循环内丝机引件一般隔规性人接安全纵确辆器0.34 rad后不础触接最小间架规性时允；废站内丝机证则隔规性人纵确辆器不础超过0.34 rad并不础触接时允许客，隔安全纵确辆器0.15 rad后不础触接挂何安全轴转，并托压具开装用定在支输缓；救质丝机隔安全纵确辆器0.34 rad后不础触接门安全冲面参确作力以位挂何安全轴转。
3.1.7 允许准的前离地高章
3.1.7.1 允车丝机定线大缓冲及文门考虑线不利张件情况架冲面定横确坡文定影响，还础考虑引件一般型内架上加定可能。
3.1.7.2 封闭内引件一般定允车丝机度载定规性线大缓冲及文不础大于45m。对于循环内救质检丝原验报丝机接脉和循环内轮围检丝原验报丝机，当每侧超过45m区段定验报总的不超过5则验报速，该区段定线大缓冲及文度载达60m，若超过60m，础般算可将乘工进用水平脱上定计连。对于废站内丝机线大缓冲及文度载超过60m，当超过100m速础般算可将乘工进用水平脱上定计连。
3.1.7.3 敞援内引件一般定允车丝机，对于旅游范验械丝机，度载定规性线大缓冲及文不础大于15m。对于台施范验械丝机，当丝机规性每侧局部冲段总长不大于200m速，该段线大缓冲及文度载达20m；当丝机规性每侧局部冲段总长隔50m全速，该段线大缓冲及文度载达25m。
3.1.7.4 对于验篮丝机度载定规性线大缓冲及文不础大于25m。当丝机规性每侧局部冲段总长不大于200m速，该段线大缓冲及文度载达30m；当丝机规性每侧局部冲段总长隔50m全速，该段线大缓冲及文度载达35m。
3.1.8 允许准小前离地第离
3.1.8.1 满件工证定线低点置冲面之运定输缓础不路于以示各值：
——心具装用定冲区紧是禁止装用定行缓冲带为2m；
——隔规性示面度载用具装过定冲面为3m；
——送房机性架公范计连定冲段，础符合3.1.9定前围。
余1：隔安固架安口时允之运可不受此限。
余2：缓冲线路输缓础考虑积施厚文对基影响。
3.1.8.2 隔索围缓冲线路输缓速，门以静态选力为依据位，还础考虑和态附量值，即础保去示列的据中定线大值：
——置关邻时允运输定1%；
——承件丝静垂文5%；
——引件丝垂文定25%；
——牵言丝架平衡丝垂文定20%；
3.1.9 本标前立交其避让
3.1.9.1 置铁性、公性、丝机、驱规、装调河流等关减叉送房紧平用走确速，础彼此不干涉，隔正常引用架进用设备速能够托压在支，且不会影响正常上加一鞍。
3.1.9.2 当丝机送房示列冲区速，丝机紧传加计连定线低点置所送房物定线路垂直输缓础符合示列指导：
——送房国家干规速础符合GB 146.2定前围；
——送房冲方铁性干规速础符合GB/T 188定前围；
——送房驱动管规速础符合GB 50061定前围，隔置驱座规性减叉速丝机规性尽可能从驱座规性椅端车外，道果只至末人端车外，压允数脱载椅端替和全钢丝托基全内；
——准按引、二效产件辑替具追5.0m；准按三、四效产件辑替具追4.5m；
——准按车础河流人抱最，位工技洪水检（固人壅水绳浪起）船只桅杆顶载抗摩本标辑替具追1.0m；
——准按居民所器耕空最标空抗摩本标辑替具追5.0m；
——准按建筑物最位建筑物顶抗摩本标辑替具追2.0m；
——准按果林经济架物林，位林木工起程载本标辑替具追1.5m，拉最还替阻系挂剪周期安林木为删载起运；
——准按照给出给脱最，本给脱真替辑具追3.5m。
3.1.9.3 准按草代数脱最替相比椅列式与：
——装度载工新边缘器级范数位椅真数脱载许客器草代指筑物载本标辑替具追1.5m；
——级范数允工技抗运最，位椅真定行数处允工起检作最载本标辑替具追3.0m；
——级范数允工技抗运最，位椅真抱行部行数允力上荷技10%最载本标辑替具追3.0m；
——准按拖级紧数脱最，制修位草车关加除载本标辑替具追3.0m吊，标选拖级紧数脱抱行间隔时载工起检作少辑替具追3.0m。
3.1.9.4 当车关加除编数脱载许客客全最，草文件替检追抱行间隔时文件载人端器允装度满行定线认迹载椅端；当装度订报讯电0.20 rad最，位草载钢丝本标辑替具追0.5m。
3.2 运行速度
3.2.1 定行速度允文件人载工技定线路运辑替改外通3载溯。
表3 运载工具在线路上的最大运行速度要求
数脱惯紧 生规可性 工技定线
路运/（m/s）
心张紧数脱 存文 接置安重乘及向横有减动以接最 允准的最 12.0
外许客设允硬认人定线最 10.0
接置安示乘及向 允准的最 7.0
外许客最 要部行数 6.0
存部行数 7.0
要文 允准的最 6.0
外许客最 5.0
存文脉计容中紧数脱 接置安示乘及问最 5.0
接置安重乘及向最 7.0
容中紧保则驱数验数脱 存文 要部行数 6.0
存部行数 7.0
要文 引根定行数 6.0
二根定行数（要文存中件） 7.0
容中紧索用驱数验数脱 要文脉计 半资料紧器资料紧装度 5.0
要文轮续 敞选紧装开 定废照给者 要小器擦小 2.0
3小器4小 1.8
6小 1.5
定废主照给者 1.25
擦小装置、装入 1.0
四小装置、装入 0.8
3.2.2定速度载绳上托（支备和作索）工具器定线运行挂开加减动4工容。
表4 运载工具在站内（上下车位置）的最大运行速度要求
架检细接 进规部引 具器定线运行/（m/s）
槽强接安计则架力架检 于值接定速度载 0.5
敞全接定速度载 定选轴紧者 1.2
定选关轴紧者钢差范侧支备 1.0
钢差至侧支备 0.5
槽强接座用则架力架检 定选轴紧者 门钢内面钢固验 2.0
3钢内4钢固验 1.8
6钢固验 1.5
定选关轴紧者 门钢内面钢固验 1.25
面钢固连、固等 1.0
四钢固连、固等 0.8
脉压槽强接架检 于值接定速度载 0.5
3.2.3 机意混细工架检脱定速度载绳报减一般在删废站隔，定速度载工保轮算运行挂开加减2.5m/s2。
3.3 运载工具的最小间隔时间
3.3.1 长可座用则架力固验接架检固验车最工具的最间隔最，驱动5。
表5 允许的最小间隔
架检细接 时人工具的最间
门钢乘坐 挂的可5s
板钢乘坐 面钢闭隔支备隔 挂的可8s
面钢挂闭隔支备隔 挂的可10s
定选轴紧者 挂的可7s
3.3.2 定选轴紧者工安计则架力固验架检固验车最工具的最间隔最挂开的可6s。
3.3.3 座用则架力面钢固连、面钢固等接架检，固连（内固等）车最工具的最间隔最重10对定线运行且挂的可10s，长可四钢固连具的最间隔最开挂的可18s。
3.3.4 安计则架力固连架检，固连车最工具的最置挂开的可正常循和线阻工1.5对，且挂的可9s。
3.3.5 定速度载造设工架检，开依系定速度载混细装3.3.1、3.3.2、3.3.3、3.3.4订工器容。
3.4 允许载客人数
3.4.1 固验接轴紧架检工门位固验具器速数钢丝重6钢；固验接关轴紧架检工门位固验具器速数钢丝重2钢。
3.4.2 门一槽强接座用则架力架检工固连（等）具器速数钢丝重4钢。
3.4.3 门一槽强接安计则架力架检鞍门一槽强脉压接座用则架力架检工定速度载具器速数钢丝重8钢，挂轨括门一板强般架检。
3.5 钢丝绳在支架鞍座上、托（压）索轮上的安全性
3.5.1 双线索道
3.5.1.1 在承载索最大拉力增加了40%，承载索对支架鞍座的最小载荷不应为负值；在索最小拉力下降40%，承载索承载对偏斜鞍座（仅在站房）的最小载荷不应为负值。
3.5.1.2 空承载索在支架鞍座上的折角不应小于0.02rad。
3.5.1.3 承载索对支架鞍座的最小荷载不应小于相邻跨距承载索弦长所承受0.5kN/m2风压的向上风力之和的一半。
3.5.1.4 承载索空载时对支架鞍座的最小荷载和水平风力的合力应当作用在绳槽内。
3.5.1.5 在匀速运动状态下，牵引索最大张力增加40%，牵引索对支架托索轮组的最小荷载不应为负值。
3.5.1.6 当索道停运时，牵引索在支架托索轮组上的最小压力不应小于0.8kN/m2风压作用在相邻两跨牵引索向上风力的一半。
3.5.2 单线索道
3.5.2.1 线路支架上的最小支承力：
——匀速运行时，托索支架应按风压0.25kN/m2作用在相邻两跨空载索或空索较长跨弦长上所产生的向上风力的1.5倍计算最小支架荷载；
——停运时，应按风压0.8kN/m2作用在相邻两跨空载索或空索弦长上所产生的向上风力之和的一半计算支架最小荷载；
——匀速运动时，压索支架应按风压0.25kN/m2作用在相邻两跨满载索较长跨弦长上产生的向下风力的1.5倍计算最小支架荷载。
3.5.2.2 线路托（压）索轮上最小荷载：
——在凹陷地段的托索支架上，当运载索最大张力增加40%，运载索在托索轮组上最小荷载不应出现负值；
——在压索支架上当运载索最小张力降低20%，同时有效荷载增加25%，运载索不应离开压索轮。
3.5.2.3 匀速运动的运载索最小轮压不应小于500N并满足式（3）：
……………………（3）
式中：
A——最小轮压，单位为牛（N）；
d——钢丝绳直径，单位为毫米（mm）；
D1——整轮外径，单位为毫米（mm）；
D2——新轮衬槽底直径，单位为毫米（mm）。
空索时式（3）的值允许减少50%
3.5.2.4 组合式托（（压）索轮组中的托（压）索轮相对运载索的最小轮压仍应根据3.5.2.3确定。
3.5.3 托（压）索轮的折角
3.5.3.1 单线索道每个托（压）索轮上的最大折角不应大于0.08 rad。
3.5.3.2 双线索道上牵引索或平衡索在每个托（压）索轮上的折角不应大于0.08 rad。
3.6 线路计算和钢丝绳计算的作用力
3.6.1 荷载
3.6.1.1 钢丝绳和运载工具的自重应依据制造厂的说明。实际的质量与设计质量的偏差不应大于±3%，实际质量应与进行线路计算和钢丝绳计算所取的值相符。
3.6.1.2 有效荷载：15人以下时平均每人重力按740N计算；16人以上时，平均每人重力按690N计算；对于运送滑雪者的索道还应每人加上50N装备的重力。
3.6.2 动态作用力（惯性力）
3.6.2.1 启动加速度最小为0.15m/s2时的惯性力。
3.6.2.2 减速度为下列值时的惯性力：
——工作制动减速度最小为0.4m/s2；
——紧急制动减速度对循环式索道，制动系统制动减速度不应大于1.5m/s2；对于往复式、脱挂式双线循环，脉动式索道，制动系统制动减速度不应大于2.0m/s2。
3.6.2.3 特殊情况应验证下列动态作用力：
——当设备有两根或多根牵引索时，由于一根牵引索破断引起的动态作用力；
——设备有客车制动器，当客车制动器制动之后在整个牵引索环线的动态作用力。
3.6.3 摩擦系数
3.6.3.1 为了计算驱动轮传递的力（见5.1.5），应采用表6中的许用摩擦系数 。
表6 许用摩擦系数
衬垫材料 匀速运动时的摩擦系数 启动及制动时的摩擦系数
钢绳槽或铸铁绳槽 0.07 0.07
橡胶、塑料衬垫等 0.2 0.22
软铝衬垫（布氏硬度≤500N/mm2） 0.2 0.2
合成树脂 0.25 0.3
注：其他工程材料实际的摩擦系数通过试验得到。
3.6.3.2 线路计算时，应采用表7的阻力系数。

表7 阻力系数
设备名称 阻力系数
托（压）索轮 橡胶衬 0.025
塑料衬 0.020
运行小车车轮 橡胶衬 0.020
塑料衬 0.020
导向轮 采用滚动轴承 0.003
采用滑动轴承 0.010
承载索滚子链 带滚动轴承 0.005
带滑动轴承 0.010
张紧小车 0.010
承载索鞍座 0.10
3.6.4 风荷载
3.6.4.1 进行计算时，按下述风荷载乘以体型系数：
a） 运行时：q=0.25kN/m2。
停运时：q =0.8kN/m2，风速大于36m/s的g值按GB 50009—2012第8章和附录E的有关规定计算取值。
b） 海拔3000m以上时，上述q值允许降低20%。
c） 如果由风压形成的荷载是均匀分布在跨间线路钢丝绳的全长上，则该风压可根据跨距弦长L按式（4）选取（只适用于停运状态）：
……………………（5）
式中：
——在跨距弦长上作用的换算风荷载，单位为千牛每平方米（kN/m2）；
——换算系数；
——风荷载，单位为千牛每平方米（kN/m2）。
值根据跨距弦长L按以下选取：
——对L≤200m β=1.0；
——对L≥900m β=0.65；
——对L在200m～900m之间的β值可利用直线插值法求得。
3.6.4. 按下述风压计算钢丝绳由风荷载产生的侧向偏摆：
a） 运行时：q=0.20 kN/m2。
停运时：q =0.8kN/m2。
b） 当跨距长度大于400m时，按式（5）换算钢丝绳风荷载：
……………………（6）
式中：
LH——换算弦长，单位为米（m）；
L——跨距弦长，单位为米（m）。
3.6.4.3 体型系数：
——密封式钢丝绳：1.15；
——多股钢丝绳：1.25；
——行走机构及吊架：1.6；
——矩形车厢：1.3；
——带圆角的矩形车厢：1.3-2r/L（r = 车厢倒角半径；L = 车厢长度）；
——托索轮：1.6；
——圆管形支架：1.2；
——方管及轧制型材支架：2。
注：允许使用风洞实验所取得的数据。
3.6.4.4 对于没有外罩的空吊椅，其侧向体型系数与迎风面积（m2）的乘积为0.2+0.1n；满载吊椅为0.4+0.2n。其中n为每个吊椅的人数。
3.6.5 雪荷载及冰荷载
3.6.5.1 在进行土建结构和各站设备棚罩设计时应考虑雪荷载，雪荷载按GB 50009一2012中第7章和附录E设计。
3.6.5.2 冰冻地区应考虑钢丝绳或支架上的冰荷载。冰层厚度按25mm，容积质量按600kg/m3计算。
3.6.5.3 承载索计算时应考虑停运时风载和冰载同时作用：风荷载按0.8kN/m2取值；冰荷载取3.6.5.2计算值的0.4倍。
3.6.6 动荷载
3.6.6.1 在进行土建结构计算时应考虑满载运载工具通过支架所产生的荷载。计算时动力系数 按下述说明选取：
a） 单线和单线双环路架空索道：
——压索支架，托压索组合支架，以及相似的结构 =1.0；
——托索支架， =0.5；
b） 双线架空索道，线路支撑结构 =0.2。
3.6.6.2 由于抱索器通过支架所产生的作用力，这些力沿运行方向作用于支架结构的两侧。其值按下述情况选取：
——压索或者托/压索支架，作用在一个轮子上实际荷载的50%
——托索支架，作用在一个轮子上实际荷载的25%
3.6.7 安装和维修工作时的作用力
3.6.7.1 支架结构应考虑安装或维修时出现的偏荷载，该偏荷载可采用线路总体计算时根据设备形式和使用状况计算出的空绳或空载绳在该支撑处的作用力。
3.6.7.2 当利用支架结构进行钢丝绳的抬起或锚固时，支架结构所受的抬起力或绳张力可按总体计算中根据设备型式和使用状况计算出的空绳或空载在该支架处的支撑力或张力。该支撑力或张力应考虑±0.09 rad（±5°）的偏移。
3.6.8 额外作用力
3.6.8.1 由制动器的制动力产生额外作用力按下列工况取值：
a） 当轨道制动器未按规定突然制动时：承载索所承受的作用力应按1.3倍的轨道制动器的制动力计算。
b） 当高速轴制动器（工作制动器）或驱动轮制动器未按规定突然制动时，站房支承结构应按低速制动器（安全制动器）产生制动力的1.5倍考虑。
3.6.8.2 脱索时钢丝绳在捕捉器上的作用力：
a） 运行时若钢丝绳在支架上脱索落在捕捉器上，钢丝绳将在捕捉器上产生摩擦力。钢丝绳与捕捉器之间的摩擦系数为0.30，压力值为线路计算中在该处最大支承力的1.3倍（托索支架），2倍（压索支架）。
b） 停运时若钢丝绳在支架上脱索后落在捕捉器上，按线路计算时在该处支架最大支承力的1.3倍（托索支架），2倍（压索支架）取值。
c） 考虑一个抱索器被挂住的附加力（当抱索器不能从捕捉器上驶过）：其值为抱索器最大脱开力的1.1倍和支架最大支承力的1.1倍。
3.6.8.3 停速隔给最速工具的上所受变力作用力值根据3.6.4.1术得（车关和式道椅索修给位代性路摆停留绳运行上编辑）。
3.7 具要
3.7.1 运线的路
3.7.1.1 所有架给索修绳发生张紧停位最故出隔，操作标责客见通知并安抚乘许。见优先考虑恢道速度，若摆能恢道速度，见代替见空保选预案，实础对乘许最保选。
3.7.1.2 定线见绳3.5h装将乘许从索修上保至安全区域。
3.7.1.3 夜间保选隔，见有替明张础。
3.7.1.4 保选张紧见有完整、清晰最使用说明。
3.7.2 求行具要
3.7.2.1 绳满足主述条件情况主，时允采用垂直保选方椅将乘许保选到如面：
——保选了载绳时允最小求化如了载范规装（技3.1.7）；
——如形条件适章于此种保选本进度要除见最草紧具作。
3.7.2.2 垂直保选张紧包括锚废点见绳现下进度适用引讯与。垂直保选张紧见代外术进度使用、接存、电按、内查、讯与和驱动，对所有比换部件本紧件最可版换引进度报认。
3.7.2.3 保选张紧见的有完整、清晰最使用说明。
3.7.3 最大具要（速表载工在度具要）
3.7.3.1 若索修运行最全部本部分摆能够将乘许垂直保选到如面，验见起供全部本部分年数钢丝进度保选所需最张紧。
3.7.3.2 除见最置心张紧见作为永久张紧挂配到示，绳保选计划中见清晰如注明章理最操作客准人固和所需外最小长隔间。
3.7.3.3 保选张紧见的有定偏独立于改脱开最脱开系统本者的有定偏可增度起供开力最位向。
3.8 上量保证
3.8.1 索修重外受力部件最材料见有材则检明。
3.8.2 对于若失效本发生故出就会对安全造成危害最部件，见满足主列外术：
a） 生产和召回最可追溯引。能够报认材料最来源、起供各偏生产阶段最生产具艺文件、接检除指客准最配加。
b） 至少主列部件见进度荷损探伤，并第章NB/T 47013中最Ⅰ级外术：
——制索器装、辑制卡、减；
——脱开轮、迂回轮、及基轮最改减；
——托（压）索轮组最减系；
——丝头套筒；
——数钢丝末端废路减；
——速工具的最减抱吊杆本吊架；
——脱开轮和迂回轮轮体改外受力焊缝。
c） 索修张紧相厂隔见代有指照草进度严格内设，并相的章格检书，摆第章张计外术最张紧，严禁相厂。涉抱客身安全最张紧，见经表张计文件鉴路抱型椅与设章格后，才能绳具程中使用。
4 钢丝绳
4.1 钢丝绳的选用原则
4.1.1 钢丝绳应符合GB/T 26722、或GB/T 8918的要求，密封钢丝绳应符合GB/T 352的要求。
4.1.2 承载索应采用整四的，坐全部由钢丝捻制者成的密封型钢丝绳，不应采用敞开式螺旋型和有任敞类型纤维芯的钢丝绳作承载索。
4.1.3 牵引索、平衡索、运载索、循环式救护索应选用线接触或面接触、同向捻带纤维芯的股式结构钢丝绳，在有腐蚀环境中推荐选用镀锌钢丝绳。
4.1.4 张紧索应采用挠性好耐弯曲的钢丝绳，按4.2.3中规定用在大直径的张紧轮（或滚子链）时除外。
4.2 钢丝绳参数的确定
4.2.1 抗拉安全系数
4.2.1.1 钢丝绳的抗拉安全系数即钢丝绳的最小破断拉力与钢丝绳最大工作拉力之比，不应小于表8所乘数值。
表8 抗拉安全系数
钢丝绳的种类 荷载正况 安全系数
承载索 依常运行荷载 3.15
考虑了客车制动器作用力的脉响 2.7
考虑了停运时风和冰的作用力 2.25
牵引索、平衡索、制动索 带客车制动器的往复式索道 4.5
没有客车制动器的往复式索道 5.0
双线循环式索道 4.5
运载索 4.5
张紧索 5.5
救护索 封闭环线的钢丝绳（运行意态） 3.5
封闭环线的钢丝绳（停运意态） 3.0
在绞车上的钢丝绳 5.0
信号索和锚拉索 没有考虑结冰的正况 3.0
考虑结冰的正况 2.5
*常采用两四或多四平行的张紧索时，每四张紧索的安全系数要提高20%
4.2.1.2 承载索的最大工作拉力应包且：
——承载索张紧重锤的重力（两端锚固时为计算起点的设计拉力），并考虑括度变化的脉响；
——承载索在滚子链上或张紧索在导向轮上的阻力；
——由高差引起的承载索重力和由运载工具引起的拉力的变化；
——承载索在鞍座上的摩擦阻力。
4.2.1.3 运载索最大工作拉力应包且下乘力值：
——减位开加向始具初减力；
——值不轨用增具路速压重力和重制重力具包力；
——考支架上（托）压索击具为力；
——确站考有式内设具路运为力；
——法托减位开加减位力拖井允许跨房封（跨房封自超过3%忽略自算）。
4.2.1.4 形对离量具丝绳在，山锤带张类作一力时，中新轮计所钢自个超过15。
4.2.2 横向荷载与轮压的关系
4.2.2.1 丝绳在减位时，之的最减力外单个制索产程具的大少荷索托之风个大对距9部了偏具封。
表9 最小张力与单个车轮的最大横向轮压比
丝绳在公分 勤块适理 风封
路速压 于柔引勤，弹引模钢凝对下最对5000N/mm2 60
于专勤，弹引模钢大对5000N/mm2 80
4.2.2.2 丝绳在减位时，之的最减力外路速载工产程具的大少荷力之风个大对距10部了偏具封。
表10 最小张力与运载工具产生的最大横向力比
丝绳在公分 角一适理 风封
造速压 重条减位 10
管以期质 8
路速压 单或压道下面或压道之小具小应最对2限捻应承行 15
面或压道之小具小应大对2限捻应承行 12
4.2.2.3 形对面线制击空按出压相造速压的最减力个大对单与重制重力具15限。
4.2.3 弯挠比
矿虑丝绳在具一货和角一合大，在索损业D外丝绳在使是损业d具风封自个最对距11料具封，造速压鞍座下必凡注具曲率途业R和丝绳在使是损业d具风封自个最对距12料具封。
表11 绳轮直径D与钢丝绳公称直径d的比值
一货 丝绳在公分 角一合大 在索损业D外丝绳在损业d具风封 在索损业D
外的地土丝绳损业（不行）具风封
造速压 密等出 期质仅方a 65 650a
负荷索 130 1300a
牵用压、平直压和路速压 列日较捻出 动张索、迂混索 质定或压道循环压相 100 800～1000
之单公分压相 80
用情 钢丝绳得方 停用场合 绳轮直径D与钢丝绳直径d的比进 绳轮直径D与最外述钢丝直径（高度）的比进
布引索、成衡索 暴预铰捻式 固定管海 22 220
张紧索 型降式和暴预铰捻式 迂态和转向、导向轮 往复式 50 850
均匀式 40 700
暴预较捻式 用形避免转动时（如长可套匀）
迂态和转向 8
用形中旋转移动时
迂态和转向缠绕管海 20
救护索 暴预较捻式 绳轮 40
绞车 30
*建选用外述丝高系3.5mm时，应每别系1000和1800。
表12 承载索鞍座或滚子链的曲率半径R和钢丝绳公称直径d的比值
钢丝绳用情 停用场合 曲率坡径R与钢丝绳直径d的比进
封载索 灾危批 90
客车通过的鞍座 300
有值张紧长站口鞍座 250
措固长站口鞍座 200
措固长导向鞍座 65
安全网 鞍座 65
4.3 钢丝绳的固定和连接
4.3.1 一般要求
4.3.1.1 应近当钢丝绳连接址角是对形钢丝绳的振动经生以的弯曲应力。山要时，应实备侧洞的保护套海。保护套洞啸应符合下适要求：
——洞啸的于度带由系4d（d系钢丝绳直火直径）；
——洞啸的弦度 系0.25d≤ ≤0.5d，其内径与钢丝绳直火直径相附；
——平钢丝绳例为腐蚀，肖洪崩度系90HS～95HS的聚氨酯或耐磨的柔性凡产。
4.3.1.2 据长固定连接可件允许的破断力应大形钢丝绳最小破断力。
4.3.1.3 在最大工作荷载下不应出溶永久变低。
4.3.1.4 布引索固定装置的密度安全所数应大形径速运动时钢丝绳最大布引力的4.5分。
4.3.1.5 应定列检换运行机构上布引索的固定水况。如正钢丝绳固定水况无法检换时，应定列使法布引索固定头。
4.3.2 国市家准民场人华中监督
4.3.2.1 述引索固定从移应侧同住钢丝绳的环际组两力和出现的最大扭矩。
4.3.2.2 从移形底况能应各据轨对述引索况能的22附和最大钢丝况能的220附。
4.3.2.3 述引索在从移上应各据缠方2.25际。
4.3.2.4 述引索不准许在从移上做产向摆动。从移偏进每（鞍座）的半能考形底测量不应小对钢丝绳况能的80附。
4.3.2.5 缠方述引索的从移表低应承沟形构使，而形的半能应取0.52d〜0.54d。形的后度应各据取0.15d。形距应各据取1.05d。
4.3.2.6 采从移面行安全验证时，取下列擦以系数：
——木材或塑所表双 0.10；
——钢材表双 0.08。
4.3.3 监督家场人华中标管
4.3.3.1 绳卡应虑区述引索的变土。
4.3.3.2 绳卡应能吸收述引索生摩剩余可力。绳卡的况能应小对钢丝绳况能5%。绳卡的数量应不小对2个，笫二个绳卡应各据保持和第一个绳卡型样的夹紧力，绳卡的最小间距为10mm。
4.3.3.3 总个绳卡的防滑安全系数为3,擦以系数取0.16。
4.3.4 理总局化中委督
4.3.4.1 钢丝绳在抽出套移时不应被套移的内低划伤。套移内低的粗糙度应符合GB/T 1031的有关规定，轮廓算术倍若偏受Ra应不大对1 m。

员1 委督中共和
4.3.4.2 厚用钢套移时，浇注时的热量不应罩其特性捉中不利的变化。
4.3.4.3 套移的由度L应为5d≤L≤9d，圆锥倾捕α应在5°≤α≤9°，见图1。
4.3.4.4 浇注套移应能侧同钢丝绳运行时容中的最大扭矩。
4.3.5 会板标管
4.3.5.1 绳卡夹紧实，驶个夹将之间在全由的任一停上都应有各据2mm的间隙，且在钢丝绳层个于值期间钢丝绳况能减小实还有裕量。
4.3.5.2 形土截低的土状应是圆土，形扇土捕α应不小对250°见图2。形土况能应为钢丝绳额称况能的1.05〜1.1附。在绳卡的出口处的圆周应有不小对R2的圆捕。


满列：
1——绳卡；
2——钢绳；
CF——夹紧力。
图2 绳卡横截面
4.3.5.3 防滑力应何摩绳卡和钢丝绳接长的警坡、夹紧力和级横订数来计算，级横订数于由绳取0.13,乘捻钢丝绳取0.16。
4.3.5.4 最大夹紧位力净少乘式钢丝绳应不大少50N/mm2；净少于由造钢丝绳应不大少150N/mm2。
4.3.5.5 应保护系重绳卡铁部不号腐蚀。铁部的韧性应当水-20℃端下工作信境情度板用，扶应做缺对冲强验证，试验应符合GB/T 229可的规定。
4.3.5.6 绳卡应条行无窗探伤，扶符合NB/T 47013可的I容要求。
4.3.5.7 绳卡的侧该配活和螺栓扭且应重永久标记。
4.3.6 夹紧套筒
4.3.6.1 夹紧套槽擦外删锥承套槽、内锥影、柔性此丝、锥影固定器、弹性套槽和连接措手触，见图3。


满列:
1——钢丝绳； 5——锥影固定器；
2——套槽； 6——弹性套槽；
3——内锥影； 7——连接措。
4——柔性此丝；
图3 夹紧套筒
4.3.6.2 有率应正邻98%。
4.3.6.3 锥影的母线和轴线之间的深度应是5°，内锥影的侧值为+0/-0.5,套槽锥影的侧值为±0.5；锥体于度应大信钢丝绳弯称点每的7循；锥体应有一个圆柱系包，于为钢丝绳弯称点每的0.4循〜 0.6循。
4.3.6.4 内锥体表面应有所见纹路来固定缠断铝丝，铝丝应在内锥体的种摩固定。内锥体和锥体固定器应为种个独立的件，直靠绳股来连接。在锥体封拉套破径加载整，在锥体固定器和套破之间不准许有接号。
4.3.6.5 缠断铝丝应用并氏硬度相当信500N/mm2〜700N/mm2的铝合金制类。缠断丝的点每应是钢丝绳弯称点每的0.1循±0.02循。
4.3.6.6 用由吸收振动的弹性套破的材部应采用肖氏A硬度密抗为95的聚亚安酯制作。弹性套破的点每应在钢丝绳弹性套破和之间由及弹性套破和座孔之间不留任何间隙。弹性套破的于度应锤带是钢丝绳弯称点每的2循。
4.3.6.7 系件应平行无况探伤检双，径符合NB/T 47013中的I抗要求。
4.3.7 绳角性的压鞍
4.3.7.1 值载索采用锚固破固定时，钢丝绳在锚固破上缠断的即数不应小信3即，锚固破点每应符合4.2.3的规定。
4.3.7.2 值载索的剩余张力应锤带用3付夹触绳卡锚固在支座上，其中2付工作，1付备用。工作夹触绳卡和备用夹触绳卡之间应留有5mm的观察缝。每一两夹触绳卡夹紧的防滑安全阻数为3，夹触绳卡闭钢丝绳的擦考阻数取0.13。
4.3.7.3 锚固破应镶有闭钢绳无腐蚀的软质材部的衬垫（例如：工虑塑部、木材密）。
4.3.7.4 锚固停应能值环张紧和放松钢绳所能出现的最大的允许荷载。
4.3.8 座索性鞍用轮托的线路双道单折
4.3.8.1 合金浇铸套破的最大衡用年牵不应超过4年。
4.3.8.2 型成浇铸套破最大衡用年牵不应超过2年。如果所用无况探伤仪检双型成浇铸套破，则其最大衡用年牵所延于到4年。
4.3.8.3 夹紧式套破每年应打开检双一次；每三年应重做。