Steel and alloy—Determination of trace element contents—Part 3: Determination of scandium and barium content by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric method
GB/T 20127.3-2026 Steel and alloy—Determination of trace element contents—Part 3: Determination of scandium and barium content by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric method English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
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ICS 13.220.10
CCS H 57
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 20127.3-2026
Replaces GB/T 20127.32006
Steel and alloy - Determination of trace element contents - Part 3: Determination of scandium and barium content by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric method
钢铁及合金 痕量元素的测定 第3部分：电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钪和钡含量
Issue date: 2026-01-28 Implementation date: 2027-02-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Principle
5 Reagents and Materials
6 Apparatus
7 Sampling and Sample Preparation
8 Analysis Procedure
9 Calculation of Results
10 Precision
11 Test Report
Determination of Trace Elements in Iron and Steel — Part 3: Determination of Scandium and Barium Content by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry
WARNING — Personnel using this document should have practical experience in working in a formal laboratory environment. This document does not purport to address all of the possible safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices.
1 Scope
This document describes a method for the determination of scandium and barium content in superalloys using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.
This document is applicable for the determination of scandium content with mass fractions ranging from 0.0002 % to 0.010 % and barium content with mass fractions ranging from 0.001 % to 0.010 % in superalloys.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions which, through normative reference in this text, constitute essential provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6379.1 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results — Part 1: General Principles and Definitions
GB/T 6379.2 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results — Part 2: Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method
GB/T 6682 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use — Specification and Test Methods
GB/T 12806 Laboratory Glassware — One-mark Volumetric Flasks
GB/T 12807 Laboratory Glassware — Graduated Pipettes
GB/T 12808 Laboratory Glassware — One-mark Pipettes
GB/T 20066 Steel and Iron — Sampling and Preparation of Samples for the Determination of Chemical Composition
3 Terms and Definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
4 Principle
The test sample is dissolved using a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. If necessary, an internal standard element is added, and the solution is diluted to a fixed volume. The solution is nebulized and introduced into the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer. The emission intensity of the analytical lines for the analyte elements and the internal standard element is measured. Based on a prepared calibration curve, the mass fraction of each analyte element is calculated.
5 Reagents and Materials
Unless otherwise stated, only reagents of recognized analytical grade and Grade 2 water as specified in GB/T 6682 or water of equivalent purity shall be used in the analysis.
5.1 Hydrochloric acid
ρ approximately 1.19 g/mL.
5.2 Hydrochloric acid (1+1) solution
Dilute hydrochloric acid (5.1).
5.3 Nitric acid
ρ approximately 1.42 g/mL.
5.4 Nitric acid (1+1) solution
Dilute nitric acid (5.3).
5.5 Hydrochloric-nitric acid mixture (5+1)
5.6 Hydrochloric-nitric acid mixture (3+1)
5.7 Strontium internal standard solution (50 μg/mL)
Weigh 0.1208 g of strontium nitrate (mass fraction > 99.99 %), (previously stored in a desiccator for more than 24 h), into a 500 mL beaker. Add water to dissolve completely, boil, and cool to room temperature. Transfer to a 1000 mL volumetric flask, dilute to the mark with water, and mix well.
This solution contains 50 μg of strontium per mL. Prepare freshly when needed. Certified standard solutions may also be purchased and used directly.
5.8 Strontium internal standard solution (0.5 μg/mL)
Pipette 1.0 mL of strontium internal standard solution (5.7) into a 100 mL volumetric flask, dilute to the mark with water, and mix well.
This solution contains 0.5 μg of strontium per mL. Prepare freshly when needed.
5.9 Scandium standard solution (1000 μg/mL)
Weigh 1.5338 g of scandium oxide (mass fraction > 99.99 %), previously ignited at 800 °C for 1 h and cooled to room temperature, into a 500 mL beaker. Add 100 mL of nitric acid (5.4) and add hydrogen peroxide dropwise until completely dissolved. Boil to expel excess hydrogen peroxide, cool. Transfer to a 1000 mL volumetric flask, add 100 mL of nitric acid (5.4), dilute to the mark with water, and mix well.
This scandium standard solution contains 1000 μg of scandium per mL. Certified standard solutions may also be purchased and used directly.
5.10 Scandium standard solution A (100 μg/mL)
Pipette 10.0 mL of scandium standard solution (5.9) into a 100 mL volumetric flask, dilute to the mark with water, and mix well.
This solution contains 100 μg of scandium per mL. Prepare freshly when needed.
5.11 Scandium standard solution B (10 μg/mL)
Pipette 10.0 mL of scandium standard solution A (5.10) into a 100 mL volumetric flask, dilute to the mark with water, and mix well.
This solution contains 10 μg of scandium per mL. Prepare freshly when needed.
5.12 Scandium standard solution C (1 μg/mL)
Pipette 10.0 mL of scandium standard solution B (5.11) into a 100 mL volumetric flask, dilute to the mark with water, and mix well.
This solution contains 1 μg of scandium per mL. Prepare freshly when needed.
5.13 Barium standard solution (1000 μg/mL)
Weigh 1.4372 g of barium carbonate (mass fraction > 99.99 %), (previously dried at 105 °C for 2 h, placed in a desiccator, and cooled to room temperature), into a 500 mL beaker. Moisten with water, add 100 mL of hydrochloric acid (5.2), and heat to dissolve. Cool to room temperature. Transfer to a 1000 mL volumetric flask, dilute to the mark with water, and mix well.
This solution contains 1000 μg of barium per mL. Certified standard solutions may also be purchased and used directly.
5.14 Barium standard solution A (50 μg/mL)
Pipette 10.0 mL of barium standard solution (5.13) into a 200 mL volumetric flask, add 20 mL of hydrochloric acid (5.1), and dilute to the mark with water. Mix well.
This solution contains 50 μg of barium per mL. Prepare freshly when needed.
5.15 Barium standard solution B (2.5 μg/mL)
Pipette 5.0 mL of barium standard solution A (5.14) into a 100 mL volumetric flask, dilute to the mark with water, and mix well.
This solution contains 2.5 μg of barium per mL. Prepare freshly when needed.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Glass Volumetric Apparatus
All glass volumetric apparatus used in this document shall meet the Class A requirements of GB/T 12806, GB/T 12807, and GB/T 12808.
6.2 Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer
6.2.1 General Requirements
The inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer may be either a sequential or a simultaneous measurement type. If the sequential spectrometer is equipped with a component that allows simultaneous measurement of internal standard lines, the internal standard technique can be used; otherwise, the internal standard method cannot be used.
The inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer used shall, after optimization (specific optimization steps according to Annex A), meet the performance specifications given in 6.2.3 to 6.2.6.
6.2.2 Analytical Lines
