Large-scale amusement facilities safety technical regulation
1 General provisions
1.1 Purpose
The Regulation is developed according to Special Equipment Safety Law of the People's Republic of China and Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment with a view to ensuring the safe use of large-scale amusement facilities, preventing and reducing accidents, protecting personal and property safety, and promoting economic and social development.
1.2 Meaning of large-scale amusement facilities
(1) The large-scale amusement facilities mentioned in the Regulation refer to the equipment and facilities specified in Special Equipment Catalog, used for business purposes and carrying rider for amusement, to be specific, the people-carrying electromechanical amusement equipment, water amusement facilities and non-powered amusement facilities with the designed maximum operating linear speed (Note 1-1) greater than or equal to 2 m/s, or the operating height (Note 1-2) higher than or equal to 2 m (Note 1-3), except for equipment and facilities used for sports, theatrical performances and non-business activities;
(2) The large-scale amusement facilities mentioned in the Regulation include the body of the large-scale amusement facilities, accessory equipment indispensable for the safe operation of the facilities and decorations fixed on the body, and exclude the power distribution part, foundation and building (structure) part of the large-scale amusement facilities.
Notes:
1-1 The designed maximum operating linear speed refers to the possible maximum linear speed of riders during the normal operation of the designed large-scale amusement facilities.
1-2 The operating height refers to the designed maximum vertical distance from the supporting position of the rider's body to the falling place.
1-3 The designed maximum operating linear speed and the operating height shall be judged based on those specified in the product use and maintenance instructions of the fabrication unit.
1.3 Application scope
The Regulation is applicable to the production (including design, fabrication, installation, modification, and repair), operation, use, inspection, testing, and supervision and management of large-scale amusement facilities.
1.4 Categorization and classification of large-scale amusement facilities
Large-scale amusement facilities shall be divided into Class A and Class B according to the corresponding categories and parameters, see "Category and class of large-scale amusement facilities" (Annex A) for the specific categorization and classification.
1.5 Relationship with technical standards and management system (Note 1-4)
(1) The Regulation specifies the basic safety requirements of large-scale amusement facilities, and the technical standards and management systems related to large-scale amusement facilities shall not be less stringent than those in the Regulation.
(2) The basic standards quoted in the Regulation (such as terminology standards, material standards, method standards, etc.) are the reference standards of the Regulation.
Note 1-4: For dated references of the Regulation, subsequent amendments (excluding corrections) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document applies.
1.6 Handling of special cases
If the relevant units adopt new materials, new technologies and new processes, which are inconsistent with or not required by the Regulation and might have a significant impact on safety performance, they shall report to the State Administration for Market Regulation of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as State Administration for Market Regulation) which entrusts relevant professional institution to conduct technical review, and the new materials, new technologies and new processes may be put into production and use only after the review results are approved by the State Administration for Market Regulation.
1.7 Supervision and administration
Units that design, fabricate, install, modify, repair, operate and use large-scale amusement facilities, as well as inspection and testing institutions, shall strictly implement the Regulation, accept the supervision and administration of the market supervision and management departments of the people's governments at all levels and, in accordance with the relevant provisions for the special equipment informatization administration, timely input the data required into the special equipment informatization administration system.
2 Materials
2.1 General requirements
The selection of materials for large-scale amusement facilities shall be based on the importance of structure, load characteristics, structure type, stress state, fabrication process and working environment.
2.2 Metal
2.2.1 Steel
(1) Steel shall meet the requirements of relevant national standards and professional standards, with its mechanical properties, heat treatment properties, welding properties, etc. meeting the requirements of the actual working conditions.
(2) Rimmed steel must not be used for structural parts;
(3) If steel plate with through-thickness characteristics is adopted for welding load-bearing structural steel plate, the requirements of Class Z15 for through-thickness characteristics specified in GB/T 5313 Steel plate with through-thickness characteristics shall be met to prevent the lamellar tearing of the steel.
2.2.2 Non-ferrous metal
Non-ferrous metals shall meet the requirements of relevant national standards and professional standards, with the mechanical properties, heat treatment properties, welding properties, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, lubrication properties, etc. meeting the requirements of the actual working conditions.
2.3 Non-metallic material
2.3.1 Basic requirements
Non-metallic materials shall meet the requirements of relevant national standards and professional standards, with the properties meeting the requirements of the actual working conditions.
2.3.2 Wood
Wood shall meet the requirements of GB 50005 Code for design of timber structures, with its mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and flammability meeting the requirements of the actual working conditions.
2.3.3 Engineering plastics
Engineering plastics for structures shall meet the requirements of relevant national standards and professional standards, with the mechanical properties, heat resistance and aging resistance meeting the requirements of the actual working conditions.
2.3.4 Rubber
Rubber shall meet the requirements of relevant national standards and professional standards, with its mechanical properties, aging resistance and corrosion resistance meeting the requirements of the actual working conditions.
2.3.5 Glass
(1) Unbreakable organic glass or safety glass shall be adopted, with the organic glass sheet meeting those specified in GB/T 7134 Poly (methyl methacrylate) cast sheets and the safety glass meeting those specified in GB 15763 (all parts) Safety glazing materials in building.
(2) The mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance and appearance quality of the glass shall meet the requirements of the actual working conditions.
2.3.6 Glass fiber reinforced plastics
The materials and parts made of glass fiber reinforced plastics shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The resin for making glass fiber reinforced plastic parts has good water resistance and aging resistance;
(2) Alkali-free glass fiber with good surface wettability is used for the glass fiber reinforced plastic of the water slide of water slide device;
(3) Glass fiber reinforced plastic parts are free from defects such as poor impregnation, poor curing, bubbles, delamination of cutting surface, uneven thickness, etc.;
(4) The surface of glass fiber reinforced plastics is free from cracks, damages, cloth grain exposure, wrinkles, unevenness and other defects, with corner transition smooth without burr.
3 Design
3.1 General requirements
(1) Large-scale amusement facilities fabrication units and their principal responsible persons shall ensure that the design of the large-scale amusement facilities meets the requirements of the Regulation to ensure the personal and property safety;
(2) The large-scale amusement facilities shall be so designed that they are reasonable in structure, convenient for operation and use, maintenance, inspection and testing, and meet the requirements of the place of use and the environment;
(3) As for the design of large-scale amusement facilities, the design service lives of the complete machine as well as the main stressed components (Note 3-1) shall be made clear, which shall be specified based on the structure type, through risk analysis, and taking into account the service conditions and maintenance requirements, etc.
(4) The design documents of large-scale amusement facilities shall be appraised in accordance with the requirements of Clause 7 of the Regulation.
Note 3-1: main stressed components refer to mechanical components and parts that will, if failed, directly cause injury to riders.
3.2 Risk assessment
(1) Large-scale amusement facilities shall be subjected to risk assessment in the design phase, with risk assessment report issued, the report content including at least the hazard source identification, risk assessment and control measures;
(2) The hazard source identification of large-scale amusement facilities shall take into account the equipment factors, personnel factors, environmental factors, as well as the typical hazard sources, damage, and failure modes during the whole life cycle.
(3) Hazard sources of large-scale amusement facilities, together with the severity of consequences and the likelihood of occurrence, shall be subjected to risk assessment; control measures shall be taken for unacceptable risks and reassessment shall be conducted to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
3.3 Design and calculation
3.3.1 Basic requirements
Corresponding calculations of static strength, stiffness, fatigue strength, stability, overturn-preventing and anti-sideslip shall be conducted according to the specific structure, load situation, working condition analysis and safety requirements of large-scale amusement facilities.
3.3.2 Load of large-scale amusement facilities
(1) The analysis and calculations of permanent loads, rider loads, rider support and restraint reaction forces, inertial forces, collision forces, etc., shall be conducted according to the operating environment, riding and working condition requirements of large-scale amusement facilities, taking into account the effects of vibration loads, wind loads, earthquake loads, snow loads, ice cover loads, temperature loads and other loads.
(2) If large-scale amusement facilities may produce impact load during movement, the impact coefficient shall be considered and the impact load shall be calculated to avoid the impact load causing harm to personnel and equipment; for large-scale amusement facilities with operating speed lower than 2 m/s, the impact load may not be calculated.
3.3.3 Working condition analysis
The analysis shall be conducted according to the different operation phases, different load distribution and different postures of large-scale amusement facilities as well as various possible working conditions. The working condition analysis shall include at least the following conditions:
(1) Normal operating conditions under no-load, unbalanced load and full load conditions;
(2) Abnormal operating conditions under cases of emergency stop, emergency rescue, maintenance, etc.;
(3) Working conditions in limit state under local extreme conditions such as typhoons and earthquakes.
3.3.4 Load combination
(1) The loads borne by the structures of the large-scale amusement facilities shall be combined according to the working condition analysis, and corresponding analysis and calculations shall be conducted separately.
(2) The combination of loads under various working conditions such as non-normal operating conditions and working conditions in limit state shall not cause damage and permanent deformation to the structure
3.3.5 Static strength
For large-scale amusement facilities designed using the permissible safety coefficient method, the static strength safety coefficient, n, shall be larger than or equal to 5 for important shafts (pins) and critical welds, or larger than or equal to 3.5 for general parts and components, or larger than or equal to 8 for parts and components made of brittle materials.
For large-scale amusement facilities designed using the limit state method, the static strength of the metallic parts and components shall meet the requirements of limit state design method specified in GB 8408 Large-scale amusement device safety code, and the calculation of wood structure shall meet those specified in GB 50005.
3.3.6 Fatigue strength
Calculation of fatigue strength of large-scale amusement facilities shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The fatigue calculation of steel structure parts and their connections meets the provisions on fatigue strength calculation specified in GB 50017 Code for design of steel structures;
(2) The critical welds are subjected to fatigue strength check, and the fatigue strength may not be calculated for the part without tensile stress in stress cycle;
(3) Main stressed components are subjected to the fatigue strength check. If the maximum calculated stress of cyclic load is less than the fatigue limit of the material, the main stressed components have infinite life; if the maximum calculated stress of cyclic load is greater than the fatigue limit of the material, the fatigue load spectrum is used to calculate the design service life of the main stressed components.
3.3.7 Stiffness
Stiffness shall be calculated for parts and components with deformation requirements.
3.3.8 Stability
In order to prevent structural instability, the whole and local stability calculation shall be conducted for slender and thin-walled structural parts.
3.3.9 Overturn-preventing
Overturn-preventing calculation shall be conducted for large-scale amusement facilities with the possibility of overturn as a whole during operation.
3.3.10 Anti-sideslip
Anti-sideslip calculation shall be conducted for large-scale amusement facilities with the possibility of side slip during operation.
3.4 Speed and acceleration
3.4.1 Speed limit requirement
(1) For large-scale amusement facilities on or off which the riders get during operation, the relative operating speed shall not be greater than 0.3 m/s, so as to avoid injury to riders who are getting on or off caused by excessive speed;
(2) The operating speed of large-scale amusement facilities shall meet the requirements of relevant national standards.
3.4.2 Acceleration limit requirement
In order to prevent riders from being injured by excessive acceleration or duration, the acceleration and duration encountered by the riders on large-scale amusement facilities shall meet the requirements of GB 8408.
3.5 Welding design
3.5.1 Welded joint design
(1) The weld metal shall be adapted to the parent metal, and measures shall also be taken for the welds of different materials to eliminate residual stress;
(2) The groove shape and size of welded joints shall be reasonably selected according to the welding structure type, the importance of welds and the welding process;
(3) If weldments with unequal thickness or unequal width are welded, the section transition shall be gentle;
(4) Stress concentration areas shall be avoided or reduced for welded joints.
3.5.2 Classification of welded joints
The weld class shall be determined through risk assessment based on factors such as the possibility of weld failure, the severity of failure consequences and the inspectability of weld. Welds directly related to personal safety are critical welds, among them, those easy to be damaged or failed due to bad stress-bearing condition are Class I welds, and the rest are Class II welds; those not directly related to personal safety are general welds, which can be classified into Class III and Class IV welds according to the stress-bearing condition and structural type.
3.5.3 Weld testing requirements
3.5.3.1 Weld appearance testing
Macroscopic inspection shall be carried out on all welds, and the inspection requirements for appearance quality of welds shall be determined according to the class of welds. The appearance of welds shall be free from appearance defects such as missing welding, burning through, cracking, incomplete penetration, dense pores, collapse, serious undercut, incomplete welding and slag inclusion.
3.5.3.2 Nondestructive testing (NDT) proportion of welds
The NDT proportion of welds shall be determined according to the class of welds. See Table 3-1 for requirements.
Welds that cannot be technically tested internally shall be witnessed by detailed pictures of the welding process.
1 General provisions
2 Materials
3 Design
4 Fabrication
5 Installation, modification and repair
6 Use management
7 Inspection
8 Special requirements
9 Supplementary provisions
Annex A Category and class of large-scale amusement facilities
Annex B Product quality certificate of large-scale amusement facilities
Annex C Large-scale amusement facilities installed directly on the service site, for which type test is allowed not to be carried out
Annex D Design document appraisal and requirements of large-scale amusement facilities
Annex E Submission of inspection of large-scale amusement facilities
Annex F Certificate for design document appraisal of large-scale amusement facilities
Annex G Coverage and parameters of design document appraisal
Annex H Type test of large-scale amusement facilities
Annex J Type test certificate for special equipment
Annex K Parameters of type test
Annex L Items and requirements for supervision inspection and periodic inspection of large-scale amusement facilities
