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Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GB/T 28219-2011 General Rules of Intelligentization Technology for Intelligent Household Appliances. The following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 28219-2011: ——Definitions of terms "intelligent technologies" and "intelligent household appliances" are modified (see 3.6, 3.8; 3.3 and 3.1 of Edition 2011); ——Such terms and definitions as smart characteristics (3.2), self-learning (3.2.1), self-adaption (3.2.2), self-coordination (3.2.3), self-diagnosis (3.2.4), self-inference (3.2.5), self-organization (3.2.6), self-correction (3.2.7), fuzzy control (3.3.1), neural network control (3.3.2), expert control (3.3.3), intelligent control systems structure (3.4), feedforward structure (3.4.1), feedback structure (3.4.2), distributed structure (3.4.3), hierarchical structure (3.4.4), agent (3.4.5), multi-agent structure (3.4.6) are deleted; ——the definitions of intelligence (3.1), perception (3.2), decision making (3.3), implement (3.4), studying (3.5), intelligent ability (3.7), intelligent household appliances system (3.9), intelligent home (3.10), component (3.11), service platform (3.12), interconnection and interoperability (3.13), sensitive data (3.14) and intelligent index (3.15) are added; ——Contents of Chapter 4 "Inspection and Evaluation" are deleted and the title is changed to "Requirements"; ——Appliances safety requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.1.1); ——Information safety requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.1.2); ——Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.1.3); ——Interconnection and interoperability requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.2); ——Overall layout requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.3); ——Intelligent ability requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.4); ——Intelligent function effect requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.5); ——Identification and description requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.6); ——Intelligent index requirements for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are added (see 4.7); ——Intelligent technology application level of household appliances is deleted (see Chapter 5 of Edition 2011); ——"Evaluation Method Guideline" for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home is added (see Chapter 5); Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this standard may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This standard was proposed by China National Light Industry Council. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Household Electrical Appliances of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 46). The previous edition of this standard is as follows: ——GB/T 28219-2011. Introduction Intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home shall be able to bring new perception and experience, which are impossible or difficult to be obtained with the application of non-intelligent products, for the user. Intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home shall allow the user to accomplish some purposes with less worry, time, effort or cost, or replace human to complete some tasks which are not liable or impossible to be completed. With the consideration of industry development phase, only the requirements for safety, interconnection and interoperability, overall layout, intelligent ability, intelligent function effect, identification and description of intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home are proposed and corresponding evaluation method guideline is provided. Similarly, with the consideration of industry development phase, for the intelligent degree of intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home, only the requirements for intelligent ability and intelligent function effect are proposed and corresponding evaluation method guideline is provided. The requirements and evaluation for intelligent ability are conducted focusing on perception, decision making, implement and studying; the requirements and evaluation for intelligent function effect are conducted focusing on demand support/management of the user, home and the manufacturer. The requirements for the user's demand support/management are proposed targeting at human perception and experience. The requirements for the home demand support/management are proposed targeting at residences environment and facilities, while its final effect is reflected by human perception and experience. The requirements for the manufacturer's demand support/management are proposed targeting at the manufacturer, reflecting the improvement and promotion of manufacturer on product and service supplied for the market and the user and management due to application of intelligent technologies. Similarly, with the consideration of industry development phase, practicality, convenience, comfortability and factuality are regarded as the evaluation dimensions for intelligent function effect within the function scope of demand support and management of intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home. This standard specifies the general technology requirements for intelligent household appliances in the standard series, constituting mutual support with other fundamental and general standards of the same series or used in combination with certain special technical requirements of the same standard series to constitute complete standard content for a specific standardized object (technology, product, service, etc.); however, in a special technical requirements standard, the corresponding contents in "General Technology Requirements" shall be supplemented, subdivided and modified in combination with the characteristics of the adjusted standardized object. Corresponding to special technical requirements standard for specific intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home, corresponding evaluation dimension and method shall be perfected and subdivided complying with the scope and principles specified in this standard. General Technology Requirements for Intelligent Household Appliances 1 Scope This standard specifies the terms and definitions, general technology requirements and evaluation method guideline of intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system/intelligent home for household and similar uses. This standard is applicable to the design, integration, identification and evaluation of intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system/intelligent home for household and similar uses. The intelligent household appliances, which are not for general household use but dangerous for the public or have similar service environment and conditions, e.g. intelligent household appliances intended to be used in stores, light industry and farm by non-professional personnel, are also within the scope of this standard. Note: the products for the purposes of this standard also include: ——intelligent service robots for household and similar uses; ——wearable intelligent equipment for household and similar uses; ——household appliances applying network technology. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB 4706(All Parts) Household and Similar Electrical Appliances - Safety GB/T 5296.2 Instructions for Use of Products of Consumer Interest - Part 2: Household and Similar Electrical Appliances 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 intelligence the ability possessing human or similar intelligence Note: human or similar intelligence behaves as improving the ability, efficiency and effect of accomplishing the purpose of its own through continuous studying in one or multiple processes or process cycle of perception, decision making and implement to accomplish such purpose; this standard holds that the abilities, such as perception, decision making, implement and studying, and the process are indispensable in reflecting human or similar intelligence. 3.2 perception the ability and process of receiving and converting information 3.3 decision making the ability and process of processing and making a judgment and decision on the input information 3.4 implement the ability and process of putting the decision making result into effect 3.5 studying the ability and process of absorbing knowledge, experience and lesson so as to realize self-adaption and self-regulation Note 1: Studying process includes studying object discovering, studying method determining, studying process developing (including information acquisition and utilization, calculation, information memory and storage) and studying result outputting. Note 2: The studying result may improve the aforesaid perception, decision making and implement abilities, and be able to adapt to the change of expected or unexpected conditions; or may improve the efficiency and effect of the aforesaid processes. 3.6 intelligent technologies the technologies or technical solutions which make products or objects be provided with human or similar intelligence Note 1: Intelligent technologies may also be referred to as artificial intelligence technologies, artificial smart technologies etc. Note 2: Intelligent technologies integrate partial or complete contents of modern communication and information technology, computer technology, software technology, network technology, control technology, measuring technology, audio and video technology, electromechanical technology as well as software and hardware technologies of other fields (including marginal field). 3.7 intelligent ability the ability of processes or products corresponding to intelligent technologies due to application of intelligent technologies Note 1: Intelligent ability also includes the process of realizing ability. Note 2: Intelligent ability will behave as the intelligent function of the product if applied to specific product. 3.8 intelligent household appliances household and similar appliances applying intelligent technologies or possessing intelligent ability/function Note: intelligent household electrical appliances may be referred to as intelligent household appliances, smart household appliances, artificial intelligent household appliances etc. 3.9 intelligent household appliances system the multiple-component system including at least one intelligent household appliance Note 1: Intelligent household electrical appliances system may be referred to as intelligent household appliances system. Note 2: The intelligent household appliances and other components of intelligent household appliances system collaboratively work and realize some functions under specific protocol and rule framework. 3.10 intelligent home the home facilities and management system composed of one or more intelligent household appliances systems, which are arranged in residences based on the higher and comprehensive demands of people on safety, practicality, convenience, comfortability, environmental protection and energy conservation of home life Note: intelligent home may also be referred to as smart home, smart family, intelligent family etc. 3.11 component the general term for each independent part of intelligent household appliances system Note 1: The components of intelligent household appliances system include, but not limited to intelligent household appliances, other intelligent appliances, service platform, control/management terminal (including the used software system) as well as non-intelligent household appliances, other non-intelligent appliances etc. Note 2: Router, gateway, independent sensor, independent control terminal are the examples of other intelligent or non-intelligent appliances. 3.12 service platform the system providing services for intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home 3.13 interconnection and interoperability the ability and process of connecting and communicating, mutually sending or receiving order, collaboratively working or implementing order among people, objects, environment and service platform under specific protocol and rule framework Note 1: The aforesaid objects refer to various components (except service platform) constituting intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home. Note 2: The aforesaid people refer to the user and the manufacturer applying and operating intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home. 3.14 sensitive data the data information which will damage intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system and intelligent home and cause loss for the privacy of the user and commercial profit of the manufacturer once being disclosed or modified Note: the involved sensitive data includes, but not limited to: ID card No., home address, user name, password and family members' information of the user, registration information, operation state, behavior trace or rule of relevant products as well as the confidential technology and commercial information of the manufacturer. 3.15 intelligent index a kind of expression and measurement for intelligent degree of intelligent household appliances, intelligent household appliances system or intelligent home 4 Requirements 4.1 Safety requirements 4.1.1 Appliances safety 4.1.1.1 Appliances safety of intelligent household appliances Under the premise of meeting GB 4706.1 and corresponding special requirements, intelligent household appliances shall also meet the following requirements: a) As for the attended intelligent household appliances, measures shall be taken to avoid connecting to external control device thus causing (attended) attribute change, including the measures against network operation which changes the (attended) attribute; b) Intelligent household appliances shall be provided with the measures to identify and prompt the received work orders which will possibly cause personal injury, property and environmental damage, and the measures for not implementing such order in case of no further confirmation; c) Intelligent household appliances shall be provided with the measures to identify and prompt the orders from non-designated source, and the measures for not implementing such order in case of no further confirmation; d) Intelligent household appliances shall be provided with the measures to identify and process the received incomplete and false orders. e) Intelligent household appliances shall be provided with the measures against personal, property and environmental damage in case of change of working state (mode and morphology) and action state (amplitude, force, route and trace) and under unforeseen circumstances such as power supply interruption, physical separation and program fault; Note: the examples of the aforesaid damages include: the walking assistive service robot falls down due to physical barrier and hurts people or the robot with mechanical arm hurts people due to too large movement amplitude because of program fault; the wearable neck massager causes the wearer to suffocate due to program fault etc. f) As for various physical interfaces of intelligent household appliances, measures shall be taken to avoid causing danger due to connection error. The parts of intelligent household appliances, beyond the adjustment range of GB 4706.1, shall meet the requirements of relevant safety standards. Foreword i Introduction iii 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Requirements 5 Evaluation Method Guideline Bibliography 智能家用电器通用技术要求 1 范围 本标准规定了家用和类似用途智能家用电器、智能家用电器系统/智能家居的术语和定义、通用技术要求及评价方法指南。 本标准适用于家用和类似用途智能家用电器、智能家用电器系统/智能家居的设计、集成、识别与评价。 不打算作为一般家用,但对公众仍可构成危险或具有类似使用环境、条件的智能家电,例如:打算在商店中、在轻工行业以及在农场中由非专业人员使用的智能家电,也在本标准范围之内。 注:适用于本标准的产品还包括: ——家用和类似用途智能服务机器人; ——家用和类似用途可穿戴智能设备; ——应用了网络技术的家用电器等。 2规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修订单)适用于本文件。 GB 4706(所有部分) 家用和类似用途电器的安全 GB/T 5296.2 消费品使用说明 第2部分:家用和类似用途电器 3术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 智能 intelligence 具有人类或类似人类智慧特征的能力。 注:人类或类似人类的智慧特征,表现为在实现某个目的的过程中,总会经历一个或多个的感知、决策、执行的过程或过程循环.并在其中通过不断学习,提高自身实现目的的能力和实现目的的效率与效果;本标准认为,在体现人类或类似人类的智慧特征上,感知、决策、执行和在其中的学习的各项能力和过程具有不可或缺性。 3.2 感知derception 接收并转换信息的能力和过程。 3.3 决策decision making 对输入的信息进行处理并作出判断与决定的能力和过程。 3.4 执行 implement 将决策结果付诸实施的能力和过程。 3.5 学习 studing 吸收知识、经验、教训,以实现自适应、自调节的能力和过程。 注1:学习的过程包括发现学习对象、确定学习方法、展开学习过程(包括信息获取与利用、计算、信息记忆和存储)、输出学习结果。 注2:学习的结果可使上述感知、决策、执行的能力得到提高,并能适应预期或非预期条件的变化;或可使上述各过程的效率与效果获得提高。 3.6 智能化技术 intelligent technologies 使产品或事物具备人类或类似人类智慧特征的技术或技术解决方案。 注1:智能化技术也可称为人工智能技术、人工智慧技术等。 注2:智能化技术综合了现代通信与信息技术、计算机技术、软件技术、网络技术、控制技术、测量技术、音视频技术、机电技术及其他领域(包括边缘领域)的软硬件技术的部分或全部内容。 3.7 智能化能力 intelligent ability 应用了智能化技术而使过程或产品具备的与智能化技术相对应的能力。 注1:智能化能力也包括能力实现的过程。 注2:智能化能力应用于具体产品上,则体现为该产品的智能化功能。 3.8 智能家用电器 intelligent household appliances 应用了智能化技术或具有了智能化能力/功能的家用和类似用途电器。 注:智能家用电器可简称为智能家电,也可称为智慧家电、人工智能家电等。 3.9 智能家用电器系统 intelligent household appliances system 至少包含一个智能家电的多组件构成的系统。 注1:智能家用电器系统可简称为智能家电系统。 注2:智能家电系统中的智能家电和其他组件,在特定协议和规则框架下协同工作并实现某些功能。 3.10 智能家居 intelligent home 建立在住宅基础上的.基于人们对家居生活的安全性、实用性、便捷性、舒适性、环保节能等更高的综合需求,由一个或一个以上智能家电系统组成的家居设施及其管理系统。 注:智能家居也可称为智慧家居、智慧家庭、智能家庭等。 3.11 组件 component 对智能家电系统中各个独立部分的统称。 注1:智能家电系统的组件,包括但不限于智能家电、其他智能电器、服务平台、控制/管理终端(包括所使用的软件系统)以及非智能的家电、其他非智能电器等。 注2:路由器、网关、独立存在的传感器、独立存在的控制终端等是智能或非智能的其他电器的例子。 3.12 服务平台 service platform 为智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居提供服务的系统。 3.13 互联/互操作 interconnection and interoperability 在特定协议和规则框架下,人、物、环境、服务平台之间的联系、通讯的能力与过程、相互发送或接受指令、相互协同工作或执行指令的能力与过程。 注1:物包含构成智能家电系统和智能家居的除服务平台外的各类组件。 注2:人包含使用、运营智能家电系统和智能家居的用户和厂商。 3.14 敏感性数据sensitive data 一旦遭到泄露或修改,会对智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居及其用户隐私、(厂商的)商业利益造成损失的数据信息。 注:所涉及的敏感性数据包括但不限于:用户的身份证号码、家庭住址、用户名、密码、家庭成员信息、相关产品的注册信息、运行状态、行为轨迹或规律以及厂商需要保密的技术与商业信息等。 3.15 智能指数 intelligent index 对智能家电、智能家电系统或智能家居的智能化程度高低的一种表述和度量。 4 要求 4.1 安全要求 4.1.1 电器安全 4.1.1.1 智能家电的电器安全 智能家电在满足GB 4706.1及相应的特殊要求的基础上,还应满足以下要求: a) 对于有人看管的智能家电,应有防止连接外部控制装置而使其(有人看管的)属性发生改变的措施,包括通过网络操作使其(有人看管的)属性发生改变的措施; b)智能家电应有识别和提示所收到的可能造成人身伤害、财产与环境损害的工作指令的措施,和在未得到进一步确认情况下不执行该指令的措施; c) 智能家电应有识别和提示非指定来源的指令的措施,和在未得到进一步确认情况下不执行该指令的措施; d)智能家电应有识别和处理所收到的不完整指令、错误指令的措施; e) 智能家电应有在工作状态(方式、形态)、动作状态(幅度、力度、路径、轨迹)等改变的情况下和供电中止、物理性阻隔、程序故障等意外情况下,确保不会造成人身、财产和环境损害的措施; 注:发生上述损害的例子包括:可行走服务机器人因物理障碍跌倒而伤人或带有机械臂的机器人因程序故障使动作幅度过大而伤人;可穿戴的颈部按摩器因程序故障导致穿戴者窒息等。 f) 智能家电上的各类物理型接口,应能防止误连接而导致危险发生的措施。 智能家电上存在的不在GB 4706.1调整范围的部分,应符合其相应的安全标准要求。 4.1.1.2智能家电系统和智能家居的电器安全 智能家电系统和智能家居,应确保: a) 其中的智能家电,应满足4.1.1.1的要求; b)其中的不在GB 4706.1调整范围的组件,应符合其相应的安全标准要求; c) 不会因各组件的集成而发生新的危险(如在布线、接口、安装位置、电磁干扰等方面发生新的危险); d)不会因互联/互操作等功能的存在,而发生新的危险; e) 不会因相互之间的影响或其他意外,而使协同工作的组件发生新的危险; f) 不会因其功能彼此相抵触,而相关组件发生新的危险。 注:如空调器制冷功能和室内加热器的取暖功能就是功能彼此相抵触的例子。 4.1.2 信息安全 应用于智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居的网络技术方案(如制式、协议、软件等)及其服务.应使其: a) 符合相关信息安全的国家标准要求; b)在得到明确授权时才能采集、传输和保存相关信息并确保其信息安全,包括不被错用、滥用和泄露;不采集、传输和保存非授权的敏感性数据; c) 不使4.1.1的符合性受到破坏。 4.1.3 电磁兼容 智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居中的组件,不应因智能化技术的应用而使其电磁兼容特性不符合相关标准要求。 智能家电系统和智能家居的解决方案,应有因若干组件的集成而使相关组件的电磁兼容特性不符合相关标准的防范措施。 4.2互联/互操作要求 4.2.1 可实现性 用于互联的各类物理性接口应使用户能准确的识别并正确完成所需要的连接。 支持互联/互操作的组件应有符合相关规范的可识别性,以便被其他组件识别并建立组件间的通讯联系。 实现互联/互操作的解决方案应能使用户通过单一控制终端和尽可能少的控制系统,实现对所使用的不同厂商的组件进行操作。 注1:具有相同控制功能的多个控制终端,仍认为是单一控制终端(如具有相同控制功能的用于在移动中操作的手机端和在居家条件下操作的平板电脑等)。 支持互联/互操作的服务平台应提供一种可与其他服务平台互联互通的解决方案,以使用户能够通过某一服务平台即可获得其他服务平台的服务。 注2:其他服务平台,包括不同厂商的服务平台和公共服务平台。 4.2.2法规符合性 实现互联/互操作的通讯技术方案应符合相关法律法规和技术标准。 4.3统筹布局要求 对于智能家居及其中的各组件: a) 应能对所包含的所有组件的运行进行协调管理,以使: ——总的用电负荷在住宅供电系统能承受的规定范围之内; ——各组件不会在其功能彼此相抵触的情况下运行。 b)需要无线网络支持的组件,应将其安装于网络信号质量不影响正常通讯的区域内; c) 各类连接导线的布设应符合相应的国家或行业标准。 4.4智能化能力要求 智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居应有与其智能化技术的应用相对应的感知、决策、执行和学习能力。 注:对于智能家电,这些能力可应用于器具本体中或之外;对于智能家电系统和智能家居.这些能力可应用于/存在于不同的组件中。 4.5 智能化功能的效果要求 4.5.1 通用要求 智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居应有与其智能化技术的应用相对应的智能化功能并实现其效果。 注:对于智能家电,这些功能可体现在器具本体中或之外;对于智能家电系统和智能家居,这些功能可分布于不同的组件中。 智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居应在用户需求支持/管理和家居需求支持/管理以及厂商需求支持/管理等三方面体现所具备的智能化功能的效果。 4.5.2需求支持/管理内容 4.5.2.1 用户需求支持/管理,包括但不限于: a) 使用者的身体和心理健康需求(涉及治疗、康复、保健等身心健康需求); b)使用者的精神生活需求(涉及娱乐、社交、学习、健身、社区、隐私保护等精神生活需求); c) 使用者的行为辅助需求(涉及正常人及老、弱、幼、病、残等特殊人群等的行为辅助需求); d) 使用者的物质生活需求(涉及衣、食、住、行、财等物质生活需求)。 4.5.2.2家居需求支持/管理,包括但不限于: a)空气质量需求; b)室内温湿度需求; c) 环境噪声、照明/亮度需求; d)节能和能源合理利用需求; e) 节水和水资源(包括其他资源)综合利用需求; f) 设备协调/联动运行需求; g)设备合理利用与维护保养需求; h)与厂商反馈信息或表达诉求的需求; i) 住宅安全需求(安保、消防等)。 4.5.2.3 厂商需求支持/管理,包括但不限于: a) 用户关怀和售后服务需求; b)用户信息收集及管理需求; c) 设备运行状态及质量状况监控需求; d)厂商社会责任担当需求; e) 厂商经营风险监控需求。 4.5.3智能化功能的效果 4.5.3.1 一般要求 智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居应在上述需求支持/管理的可实现性和实现效果上,体现所具备的智能化功能的效果。 4.5.3.2 可实现性 因应用了智能化技术,应使上述需求支持/管理得以实现或更容易实现,相应的需求得以满足或更容易满足。 4.5.3.3 实现效果 通过上述需求支持/管理实现中的实用性、舒适性、便捷性等特性的提高体现其实现效果,且是非智能家电/家电系统不能或不易提高的。 4.6标识与说明要求 4.6.1 智能家电的标识与说明 智能家电在满足GB/T 5296.2、GB 4706等标准的标识与说明要求的基础上,还应以适宜的方式增加以下与智能化功能相关的标识与说明: a)对智能化能力/功能及其效果的描述; b) 对所需要的初始人工干预的方法的说明; c) 对接入网络的方法的说明; d)对接入网络可能存在的信息安全风险的提示; e) 对不应与带有远程控制(有线或无线)功能的控制装置连接(当有禁止使用外部控制装置的需要时)的警告; f) 当需要连接其他装置或设备时,应与客服联系咨询的提示; g)对因网络中断、供电中止、物理性阻隔等故障可能导致人身、财产、环境损害的提示及应急处置方法的说明; h) 电磁干扰可能导致智能家电功能丧失或使智能家电误动作的安全警告; i) 进行用户注册的方法说明和一旦完成用户注册,用户数据即可能被采集的提示; j) 当法规要求或用户有要求时,采集用户敏感性数据的行为应事先征得用户同意的提示; k)对采集用户敏感性数据的类型、采集方式、使用方法与使用目的说明,并对用户做出保密和合法使用相关数据的承诺; l) 其他必要的说明、提示、警告。 4.6.2智能家电系统、智能家居的标识与说明 除其中各个组件应满足相应标准(包括4.6.1)对标识与说明的要求外,智能家电系统和智能家居还应以适宜的方式增加以下标识或说明: a) 对其智能化功能及其效果的说明; b) 对各组件的安装、布线、连接、调试的方法说明; c) 对各组件间互联/互操作的方法及效果说明; d) 当需要连接智能家电系统和智能家居提供商非指定的其他装置或设备时,应与客服联系咨询的提示; e) 对电力负荷需求的说明; f) 其他必要的说明、提示、警告。 4.7智能指数要求 智能家电和智能家电系统、智能家居应使用智能指数表述其智能化程度的高低。 智能家电和智能家电系统、智能家居的智能指数采用百分制表述,分数越高,表明其智能化程度越高,反之则表明其智能化程度越低。 注:智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居的智能指数在与智能指数及其评价体系相关的其他标准中给出。 5评价方法指南 5.1 总体要求 本标准对智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居的评价,仅涉及因应用了智能化技术而产生的新的安全特性和功能特性。 本标准仅给出相关要求的评价指南,具体产品的特殊技术要求标准,将给出该产品的详细具体的评价方法。 在对安全特性评价结果符合本标准的前提下,方可进行其他要求符合性的评价。 对智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居的评价,应结合试验室测试和检查、模拟安装和使用环境条件下的现场测试和检查、专业人员体验式测试和用户体验式测试等各自的特点,选择其中适宜的一种或多种方法进行。 针对本标准规定的各项要求,应分别进行评价并给出评价结论。 5.2评价结论 5.2.1 对本标准安全要求的评价,用“符合”或“不符合”表述其结论。 5.2.2 对本标准性能/功能要求的评价结论: a) 当评价对象可测量(其结果可量化)时,用量化的数据表述其结论。 b) 当评价对象不可测量(其结果不可量化)时,用文字或其他方式描述实际发生的现象、过程、感受及判断表述其结论。包括但不限于: ——产品厂商明示的智能化功能的真实性; ——产品厂商明示的智能化程度的符合性; ——与用户真实需求的符合性; ——与非智能化技术/产品/功能的差异性; ——产品功能所需技术的必要性和符合性。 c) 智能化程度的评价结论 应根据评价过程获得的可量化和不可量化的结果,依据与智能指数及其评价体系相关的其他标准表述其结论。 5.3安全要求的评价 对于智能家电,依据相应产品标准和本标准要求进行试验室测试和检查。 对于智能家电系统和智能家居,依据相应产品标准分别对各组件进行试验室测试,并在此基础上,依据本标准要求对集成后的系统进行模拟安装和使用环境条件下的现场测试和检查。 5.4互联/互操作要求的评价 依据本标准要求,在模拟安装和使用环境条件下的现场测试和检查。 5.5统筹布局要求的评价 依据本标准要求,在模拟安装和使用环境条件下的现场测试和检查。 5.6 智能化能力要求的评价 5.6.1 通则 评价维度和评价方法给出了对智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居的感知能力、决策能力、执行能力和学习能力评价的基本思路。 评价的目的是从智能化技术应用角度表述智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居的智能化程度的高低和不同产品之间的能力差异。 5.6.2 评价要点 5.6.2.1 感知能力评价要点 对感知能力的评价要点,包括但不限于: a)感知对象的数量; b)感知对象的类型; c)感知技术的类型; d)感知的响应速度; e)感知的准确度和精度; f) 感知信息转换方式和速度; g)感知信息转换的准确度和精度; h)对非预期对象的识别和处置能力; i) 对非预期干扰因素的识别和处置能力; j) 对以上要点所体现的能力水平的自主提升。 注:温度、声音、指纹、振动、距离、肢体动作、面部表情等都是感知对象的例子。 5.6.2.2决策能力评价要点 对决策能力的评价要点,包括但不限于: a)决策的技术方案(如.算法); b)决策的支持系统(如数据库的规模); c) 决策的正确性、准确性; d)对输入信息的接收能力; e) 对非预期输入信息的识别和处置能力; f) 对非预期干扰因素的识别和处置能力; g)对人工辅助的依赖程度; h)对以上要点所体现的能力水平的自主提升。 5.6.2.3执行能力评价要点 对执行能力的评价要点,包括但不限于: a)执行行为的类型; b)执行行为的数量。 c) 同时执行不同指令的能力; d)执行的响应速度; e) 执行正确性和准确性; f) 执行中的自我纠偏能力; g)对非预期输入信息的识别和处置能力; h)对非预期干扰因素的识别和处置能力; i) 对人工辅助的依赖程度; j) 对以上要点所体现的能力水平的自主提升。 5.6.2.4学习能力的评价要点 对学习能力的评价要点,包括但不限于: a) 学习内容的类型; b)学习技术的类型; c)学习的速度; d)学习的深度; e)学习的广度; f) 学习的方式(自主学习或人工辅助) g)信息记忆与存贮的速度、方式; h)学习结果输出的方向及对其他能力的影响程度; i) 对非预期输入信息的识别和处置能力; j) 对非预期干扰因素的识别和处置能力; k)对人工辅助的依赖程度; l) 对以上要点所体现的能力水平的自主提升。 5.6.3 评价方法 采用试验室测试和检查、模拟安装和使用环境条件下的现场测试和检查、专业人员体验式测试和用户体验式测试诸方法中,适宜的一种或多种方法相结合的方式进行评价。 根据智能家电、智能家电系统和智能家居的标识与说明的提示,从某个感知信息输入端开始,至执行输出端结束,从中发现能体现感知能力、决策能力和执行能力以及学习能力的现象和过程,参照各自的评价维度进行评价。 注1:应注意到.在上述智能化能力实现过程中,感知、决策、执行和学习过程往往没有明显物理界限,此时应以输入端和输出端为主,参照相关评价维度进行评价。 注2:应考虑到某些能力的自主提高(如自适应、自调节、自提高等)需要较长时间的情况。 |
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GB/T 28219-2018, GB 28219-2018, GBT 28219-2018, GB/T28219-2018, GB/T 28219, GB/T28219, GB28219-2018, GB 28219, GB28219, GBT28219-2018, GBT 28219, GBT28219 |