1 Scope
This part of GB/T 15613 applies to laboratory models of any type of impulse or reaction hydraulic turbine, storage pump or pump-turbine.
This part applies to models of prototype machines either with unit power greater than 10MW or with nominal diameter greater than 3.3m. Full application of the procedures herein prescribed is not generally justified for machines with smaller power or diameter. Nevertheless, this part may be used for such machines by agreement between purchaser and supplier.
In this part, the term "turbine" includes a pump-turbine operating as a turbine and the term "pump" includes a pump-turbine operating as a pump.
This part excludes all matters of purely commercial interest, except those inextricably bound up with the conduct of the tests.
This part is concerned with neither the structural details of the machines nor the mechanical properties of their components, so long as these do not affect model performance or the relationship between model and prototype performances.
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this part of GB/T 15613, constitute provisions of this part. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding corrections to), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, all parties coming to an agreement according to this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 15613.1 Model Acceptance Tests of Hydraulic Turbines, Storage Pumps and Pump-turbines - Part 1: General Rules (GB/T 15613.1-2008, IEC 60193:1999, MOD)
GB/T 15613.3 Model Acceptance Tests of Hydraulic Turbines, Storage Pumps and Pump-turbines - Part 3: Additional Performance Test (GB/T 15613.3-2008, IEC 60193:1999, MOD)
GB/T 20043 Field Acceptance Test to Determine the Hydraulic Performance of Hydraulic Turbine, Storage Pumps and Pump-turbines
ISO 31-3:1992 Quantities and Units - Part 3: Mechanics
ISO 1438-1:1980 Water Flow Measurement in Open Channels Using Weirs and Venturi Flumes - Part 1: Thin-plate Weirs
ISO 2186:1973 Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits - Connections for Pressure Signal Transmissions between Primary and Secondary Elements
ISO 4185:1980 Measurement of Liquid Flow in Closed Conduits - Weighing Method
ISO 4373:1995 Measurement of Liquid Flow in Open Channels - Water Level Measuring Devices
ISO 5168:1978 Measurement of Fluid Flow - Estimation of Uncertainty of a Flow-rate Measurement
ISO 6817:1992 Measurement of Conductive Liquid Flow in Closed Conduits - Method Using Electromagnetic Flowmeters
ISO 7066-1:1997 Assessment of Uncertainty in the Calibration and Use of Flow Measurement Devices - Part 1: Linear Calibration Relationship
ISO 7066-2:1988 Assessment of Uncertainty in the Calibration and Use of Flow Measurement Devices - Part 2: Non-linear Calibration Relationships
ISO 8316:1987 Measurement of Liquid Flow in Closed Conduits - Method by Collection of the Liquid in a Volumetric Tank
ISO 9104:1991 Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits - Methods of Evaluating the Performance of Electromagnetic Flow-meters for Liquids
IEC 5167-1:1991 Measurement of Fluid Flow by Means of Pressure Differential Devices - Part 1: Orifice Plates, Nozzles and Venturi Tubes Inserted in Circular Cross-section Conduits Running Full
3 Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units
3.1 General
For the purposes of this part, the following common terms, definitions, symbols and units apply. Specialized terms are explained where they appear.
Clarification of any term, definition or unit of measure in question shall be agreed to by the contracting parties in advance of the test.
3.1.1
point
a point is established by one or more consecutive sets of readings and/or recordings at unchanged operating condition and settings, sufficient to calculate the performance of the machine at this operating condition and these settings
3.1.2
test
a test comprises a collection of points and results adequate to establish the performance of the machine over a specified range of operating conditions
3.1.3
hydraulic performance
all performance parameters attributable to the machine due to hydrodynamic effects
3.1.4
main hydraulic performance data
a subset of the hydraulic performance parameters, i.e., power, discharge and/or specific hydraulic energy, efficiency, steady-state runaway speed and/or discharge. The influence of cavitation must be considered
Foreword III
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units
3.1 General
3.2 Units
3.3 List of Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units
4 Data Acquisition and Data Processing
4.1 Introduction and Definitions
4.2 General Requirements
4.3 Data Acquisition
4.4 Component Requirements
4.5 Check of the Data Acquisition System
5 Discharge Measurement
5.1 General
5.2 Primary Methods
5.3 Secondary Methods
6 Pressure Measurement
6.1 General
6.2 Choice of Pressure-measuring Section
6.3 Pressure Taps and Connecting Lines
6.4 Apparatus for Pressure Measurement
6.5 Calibration of Pressure Measurement Apparatus
6.6 Vacuum Measurements
6.7 Uncertainty in Pressure Measurements
7 Free water Level Measurement
7.1 General
7.2 Choice of Water Level Measuring Sections
7.3 Number of Measuring Points in a Measuring Section
7.4 Measuring Apparatus
7.5 Uncertainty in Free Water Level Measurement
8 Determination of E and NPSE
8.1 General
8.2 Determination of the Specific Hydraulic Energy E
8.3 Simplified Formulae for E
8.4 Determination of the Net Positive Suction Specific Energy NPSE
9 Shaft Torque Measurement
9.1 General
9.2 Methods of Torque Measurement
9.3 Methods of Absorbing/Generating Power
9.4 Layout of Arrangement
9.5 Checking of System
9.6 Calibration
9.7 Uncertainty in Torque Measurement
10 Rotational Speed Measurement
10.1 General
10.2 Methods of Speed Measurement
10.3 Checking
10.4 Uncertainty of Measurement
11 Computation of Test Results
11.1 General
11.2 Computation of Power, Discharge and Efficiency in the Guarantee Range
11.3 Computation of Steady-state Runaway Speed and Discharge
12 Error analysis
12.1 Basic Principles (See ISO 5168: 1978)
12.2 Determination of Uncertainties in Model Tests
13 Comparison with Guarantees
13.1 General
13.2 Interpolation Curve and Total Uncertainty Bandwidth
13.3 Power, Discharge and/or Specific Hydraulic Energy and Efficiency in the Guarantee Range
13.4 Runaway Speed and Discharge
13.5 Cavitation Guarantees
Annex A (Informative) Technical Differences between This Part and IEC 60193:1999 and Their Reasons
