1 Scope
This document specifies the classification of backhoe loaders, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transport and storage.
This document applies to the GB/T8498 definition of self-propelled tyre backhoe loader (hereinafter referred to as backhoe loader), crawler backhoe loader can be used with reference.
2 normative reference documents
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential provisions of this document through the normative references in the text. Among them, note the date of the reference document, only the date of the corresponding version applies to this document; do not note the date of the reference document, its latest version (including all the revision of the list) applies to this document.
GB/T3766 General rules and safety requirements for hydraulic drive systems and their components
GB/T 6375 Earthmoving machinery - test methods for traction
GB/T 7586 Test methods for hydraulic excavators for earth moving machinery
GB/T 8419 Laboratory evaluation of earth-moving machinery and driver's seat vibration
GB/T 8499 Methods for determining the position of the centre of gravity of earth moving machinery
3 Terms and definitions
The terms defined in GB/T 10168, GB/T 25602 and GB/T 25604 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Rated working load rated operating capacityN
The calculated value of the machine under normal operating conditions as determined by the nominal load in kilograms (kg). [GB/T 10175.1-2008, Definition 3.1]
3.2
Breakout force
〈Loading bucket> from the front end of the bucket cutting edge or curved bucket cutting edge (sharp corner, arc, etc.) 100 mm backwards, and the bottom of the bucket cutting edge and the reference ground plane (GRP) parallel, the distance does not exceed 20 mm, the maximum upward vertical force generated by the lifting hydraulic cylinder or bucket hydraulic cylinder, the unit is Newton (N).
[GB/T 10175.2-2008, Definition 3.1]
4 Classification
4.1 Type
According to the mode of travel is divided into:
Tire backhoe loader;
Crawler backhoe loader.
4.2 Model
The product type of the backhoe loader shall conform to the provisions of JB/T 9725, or be determined by the manufacturer.
4.3 Parameters
4.3.1 The backhoe loader shall have the nominal engine power as the main parameter.
4.3.2 The main parameters of the backhoe loader are listed in Appendix A.
5 Requirements
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 The backhoe loader should be able to operate normally in ambient temperatures of -15 °C to +40 °C and at an altitude of not more than 2 000 m.
5.1.2 The structure of the backhoe loader should take into account the possibility of replacing a variety of working devices, ancillary devices.
5.1.3 The assembly quality of the backhoe loader shall conform to the provisions of JB/T5945.
5.1.4 The painting quality of the backhoe loader shall conform to the provisions of JB/T 5946.
5.1.5 The driver's manual of the backhoe loader shall conform to the provisions of GB/T 25622.
5.1.6 The capacity of the fuel tank for the backhoe loader shall ensure that its continuous operating time under normal operating conditions is not less than 8 h.
5 Requirements
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 The backhoe loader shall be able to operate normally under ambient temperature of -15 °C to +40 °C and at an altitude of not more than 2 000 m.
5.1.2 The structure of the backhoe loader should take into account the possibility of replacing a variety of working devices, ancillary devices.
5.1.3 The assembly quality of the backhoe loader shall conform to the provisions of JB/T 5945.
5.1.4 The painting quality of the backhoe loader shall conform to the provisions of JB/T 5946.
5.1.5 The driver's manual of the backhoe loader shall conform to the provisions of GB/T 25622.
5.1.6 The capacity of the fuel tank for the backhoe loader shall ensure that its continuous operating time under normal operating conditions is not less than 8 h.
5.2 Performance requirements
5.2.1 Backhoe loader bucket capacity 7F calibration should comply with the provisions of GB/T 21941, the calibration of the loading bucket capacity should comply with the provisions of GB/T 21942.
5.2.2 Backhoe loader loading rated working load should be in line with the provisions of GB/T10175.1.
5.2.3 The hydraulic system of the backhoe loader should conform to the provisions of GB/T 3766, and the maximum temperature rise and maximum temperature of the hydraulic oil should be within the normal working range of the backhoe loader.
5.2.4 The solid particle contamination level of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system of the backhoe loader shall be no greater than the code in GB/T 14039-2002 as specified in Table 1.
5.2.5 The solid particle contamination level of the backhoe loader torque converter and transmission system fluid should be no greater than -/20/17 as specified in GB/T 14039-2002.
5.2.6 The settlement of the hydraulic cylinder of the moving arm of the backhoe device and the hydraulic cylinder of the moving arm of the loading device shall be no greater than 25 mm/10 min.
5.3 Safety requirements
5.3.1 Safety labels should be affixed to the backhoe loader, which should comply with the provisions of GB20178.
5.3.2 The driver's vision shall conform to the provisions of GB/T 16937. The backhoe loader may be equipped with corresponding auxiliary equipment, such as rear-view mirrors and surveillance devices to supplement the lack of direct vision, and the vision of the rear-view mirrors and surveillance devices shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 25685.2.
5.3.3 Windows should be fitted with safety glass or other materials with the same safety properties, and the front and rear windows of the driver's cab should be equipped with wipers and washers.
5.3.4 The electrical control system of the backhoe loader shall have overload protection devices to ensure safety.
5.3.5, the front horn of the backhoe loader should comply with the provisions of GB/T 21155; equipped with sound alarm device, the alarm sound pressure level should comply with the provisions of GB/T21155. The driver should be able to operate the alarm device in the digging position, the alarm device in the longitudinal centre of the backhoe loader from the digging end of the centre of rotation to 7 m backward sound pressure level should not be less than 93 dB (A).
5.3.6 For backhoe loaders equipped with outriggers, the driver shall be able to confirm that the outriggers are in the manufacturer's specified driving position before operating the driving controls. When the machine is in travel mode and the outriggers are not in the travel position specified by the manufacturer, an audible and visual alarm shall be given to alert the driver.
5.3.7 When the driver's seat is not in the position facing the travel control, an audible and visual alarm shall be issued to alert the driver if the machine is being operated.
5.3.8 If the backhoe loader has a driver's position with optional travel controls, it shall also have braking and steering controls in this position that meet the requirements of the basic travel functions.
5.3.9 The backhoe working device locking mechanism shall be reliable during loading operations or transfers.
5.3.10 The backhoe loader shall comply with the applicable mandatory provisions of GB 25684.4.
5.3.11 The backhoe loader should comply with the applicable recommended provisions of GB 25684.4.
5.4 Environmental and comfort requirements
5.4.1 The exhaust pollutants of diesel engines for backhoe loaders shall comply with the provisions of GB 20891.
5.4.2 The fuel consumption rate and oil consumption rate of diesel engines for backhoe loaders shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 28239.
5.4.3 The sound power level of the external emission noise of the backhoe loader and the sound pressure level of the driver's position emission noise should comply with the provisions of GB 16710.
5.4.4 If the backhoe loader is equipped with air conditioning, the refrigerant of the air conditioning shall conform to the provisions of GB/T 18826.
5.4.5 The vibration damping capacity of the driver's seat for the backhoe loader shall conform to the provisions of GB/T 8419.
5.4.6 If equipped with a fully enclosed driver's compartment, the driver's compartment environment shall conform to the provisions of GB/T' 19933.2, GB/T 19933.4 and GB/T 19933.5.
6 Test methods
According to the provisions of GB/T13751.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Factory inspection
7.1.1 The backhoe loader shall be inspected by the manufacturer's quality inspection department before leaving the factory.
7.1.2 Backhoe loader factory inspection items can be in accordance with the provisions of Table 2.
7.1.3 The factory inspection program shall be determined by the manufacturer itself, or by mutual agreement between supply and demand.
7.2 Type inspection
7.2.1 One of the following circumstances, the type test should be carried out:
New prototype products
Transferred to the production of the product
Product structure, materials, processes have changed significantly, affecting the performance of the product.
7.2.2 type test of the prototype for the new prototype products, or in the month under inspection (quarter) of the manufacturing batch of Ⅰ ~ 2 units of products randomly selected.
7.2.3 type test items in accordance with the provisions of the table, table 2 of the key items should be 100% to meet the requirements, and important items not more than two failures to be qualified.
8 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
8.1 Marking
8.1.1 The product label shall be firmly fixed in an obvious position on the body of the backhoe loader.
8.1.2 The product label shall include at least the following items:
a) Manufacturer's name;
b) Product name and model number;
c) working mass (kg);
d) Product identification code (PIN) or factory number, the product identification code should comply with the provisions of GB/T 25606; e) the year of manufacture.
8.1.3 you in the backhoe loader in a conspicuous position, should be set to operate the instruction signs, safety labels and lubrication schematic.
8.2 Packaging
8.2.1 The packaging of the backhoe loader and its accessories, spare parts and random tools shall conform to the provisions of JB/T 5947 or as agreed in the contract, and ensure that they are not damaged under normal conditions of transport and storage.
8.2.2 When required, the backhoe loader shall be packaged and transported in accordance with the packaging drawings.
8.3 Random documentation
When the backhoe loader leaves the factory, the following documents shall be provided to the user:
a) Packing list;
b) product certificate of conformity;
c) Driver's manual;
d) Catalogue of random tools and spare parts and accessories.
8.4 Transport
8.4.1 The transport of the backhoe loader shall be in accordance with the relevant regulations of the transport department. 8.4.2 The backhoe loader shall be transported with the slewing mechanism in a locked position.
8.4.3 No parts of the backhoe loader shall be disassembled during transport without the consent of the manufacturer or as determined by mutual agreement between supply and demand.
8.4.4 Prior to shipment, the manufacturer shall disconnect the battery from the bodywork circuit.
8.5 Storage
The storage and protection of the backhoe loader shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 22358.
Appendix A (informative) List of main parameters of the backhoe loader
Foreword
1 Scope
2 normative reference documents
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 Requirements
5 Requirements
6 Test methods
7 Inspection rules
8 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
Appendix A (informative) List of main parameters of the backhoe loader
