标准编号:	GB 18047-2017
中文名称:	车用压缩天然气
英文名称:	Compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel
中标分类:	E24    天然气
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
ICS分类:	75.060 75.060    天然气 75.060
发布机构:	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会
发布日期:	2017-09-07
实施日期:	2018-4-1
标准状态:	valid
替代旧标准:	GB 18047-2000 车用压缩天然气
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	9000 字
翻译价格(元):	290.0
交付时间:	付款后 1 个工作日

Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative. Article 4.1 of this standard is mandatory and the rest are recommendatory. This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 This standard replaces GB 18047-2000 Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel. The following technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 18047-2000 (the previous edition). ——Technical indexes of total sulfur are modified, from "no greater than 200 mg / m3" into "no greater than 100 mg/m3 (see Table 1); ——The technical indexes of water dew point are modified, the minimum requirements are modified from "under maximum working pressure, the water dew point shall not be higher than -13℃" into "mass concentration of water is no greater than 30 mg/m3" as recommended in ISO 15403-2:2006; ——Testing method of various indexes is added and arbitration method is indicated meanwhile; —— Category of gas in Annex B is modified, indexes of 10 T and 12 T gas are modified, and 13 T gas is cancelled. This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Natural Gas of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 244). The previous edition replaced by this standard is as follows: ——GB 18047-2000. Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel 1 Scope This standard specifies technical requirements and test methods of compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel. This standard is applicable to compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel at the pressure no greater than 25 MPa. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 11060.1 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 1: Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide Content by Iodometric Titration Method GB/T 11060.2 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 2: Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide Content by Methylene Blue Method GB/T 11060.3 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 3:Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide Content by Lead Acetate Reaction Rate Dual Photo Path Method GB/T 11060.4 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 4: Determination of Total Sulfur Content by Oxidative Microcoulometry Method GB/T 11060.5 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 5:Determination of Total Sulfur Content by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry Method GB/T 11060.7 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compounds - Part 7:Determination Of Total Sulfur Content by Lingener Combustion Method GB/T 11060.8 Natural Gas - Determination of Sulfur Compound - Part 8: Determination of Total Sulfur Content by Ultraviolet Fluorescence Method GB/T 11062 Natural Gas - Calculation of Calorific Values, Density, Relative Density and Wobbe Index from Composition GB/T 13609 Natural Gas - Sampling Guidelines GB/T 13610 Analysis of Natural Gas Composition - Gas Chromatography GB/T 13611-2006 Classification and Essential Property of City Gas GB/T 17258 Steel Cylinders for the On-board Storage of Compressed Natural Gas as a Fuel for Automotive Vehicles GB/T 17283 Determination of the Water Dew Point of Natural Gas - Cooled Surface Condensation Hygrometers GB/T 18619.1 Natural gas - Determination of Water by the Karl Fischer Method - Coulometric Procedure GB/T 19158 Steel Cylinders for the Storage of Compressed Natural Gas GB/T 21069 Natural gas - Determination of Water Content at High Pressure GB/T 22634 Conversion between Water Content and Water Dew Point of Natural Gas GB/T 27894.3 Natural Gas - Determination of Composition With Defined Uncertainty by Gas Chromatography - Part 3: Determination Of Hydrogen, Helium, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide and Hydrocarbons Up to C8 Using Two Packed Columns GB/T 27894.4 Natural Gas - Determination of Composition with Defined Uncertainty by Gas Chromatography - Part 4: Determination of Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ Hydrocarbons for A Laboratory and On-line Measuring System Using Two Columns GB/T 27894.5 Natural Gas - Determination of Composition With Defined Uncertainty by Gas Chromatography - Part 5:Determination of Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide and C1 to C5 and C+6 Hydrocarbons for A Laboratory and On-line Process Application Using Three Columns GB/T 27894.6 Natural Gas - Determination of Composition with Defined Uncertainty by Gas Chromatography - Part 6: Determination of Hydrogen Helium Oxygen Nitrogen Carbon Dioxide and C1 to C8 Hydrocarbons Using Three Capillary Columns GB/T 27896 Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Natural Gas Using - Electronic Moisture Analyzers TSGR 0004 Supervision Regulation on Safety Technology for Stationary Pressure Vessel 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 compressed natural gas; CNG compressed gas fuel with the principal ingredient of methane 3.2 compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel Compressed natural gas stored with pressure vessel and used as vehicle fuel 4 Technical Requirements and Test Methods 4.1 The technical indexes of compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 1 Table 1 Technical Indexes of Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel Item Technical index Higher heating value a/(MJ/m3) ≥ 31.4 Total sulfur (calculated on sulfur)a/(mg/m3) ≤ 100 Hydrogen sulfide a/(mg/m3) ≤ 15 Carbon dioxide mol: mol/% ≤ 3.0 Oxygen mol: mol/% ≤ 0.5 Water a/(mg/m3) ≤ Within specific geographical region of automobile driving, on the premise of pressure no greater than 25 MPa and ambient temperature no less than -13℃, the mass concentration of water shall not be greater than 30 mg/m3. Water dew point /℃ Within specific geographical region of automobile driving, on the premise of pressure no greater than 25 MPa and ambient temperature below -13℃, water dew point shall be 5℃ lower than minimum ambient temperature. a In this standard, the standard reference condition for the gas volume is 101.325kPa and 20℃. 4.2 Calculation of higher heating value for compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be implemented according to GB/T 11062, the determination for composition of the based natural gas shall be implemented in accordance with GB/T 13610, GB/T 27894.3, GB/T 27894.4, GB/T 27894.5 or GB/T 27894.6, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 13610. 4.3 Determination of total sulfur content in compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be implemented according to GB/T 11060.4, GB/T 11060.5, GB/T 11060.7 or GB/T 11060.8, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 11060.4. 4.4 Determination of hydrogen sulfide content in compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be implemented according to GB/T 11060.1, GB/T 11060.2 or GB/T 11060.3 and the arbitration test method is GB/T 11060.1. 4.5 Determination of carbon dioxide content in natural gas for vehicle shall be implemented according to GB/T 13610, GB/T 27894.3, GB/T 27894.4, GB/T 27894.5 or GB/T 27894.6, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 13610. 4.6 Determination of oxygen content in natural gas for vehicle shall be implemented according to GB/T 13610, GB/T 27894.3, GB/T 27894.4, GB/T 27894.5 or GB/T 27894.6, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 13610. 4.7 Determination of water content and water dew point for compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be implemented according to GB/T 17283, GB/T 18619.1, GB/T 21069 or GB/T 27896, and the arbitration test method is GB/T 17283. When the water dew point is given, its conversion into water content under standard reference conditions may be conducted according to GB/T 22634. 5 Storage and Use 5.1 The storage container of compressed natural gas shall meet the relevant requirements of TSGR 0004 or GB/T 19158. Steel cylinders for the on-board storage of compressed natural gas as a fuel for vehicles shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 17258. 5.2 Under operation pressure and temperature, liquid hydrocarbon shall not exist in compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel. 5.3 Solid particle diameter in compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be less than 5μm. 5.4 Compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel shall be provided with perceptible odor. Natural gas without odor or insufficient odor shall be odorized. Minimal dose of odorant shall be perceptible when the natural gas is leaked into the air and reaches 20% concentration of lower explosive limit. Odorant is generally be prepared by compound with obvious odor. 5.5 When the compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel is under use, its antiknock property shall be considered. Annex A gives out the calculation method of natural gas methane number. 5.6 Where compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel is used, its Wobbe index shall be considered; as for the compressed natural gas in the same region, the gas category should remain constant. Annex B gives out the gas category of compressed natural gas.

Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Technical Requirements and Test Methods 5 Storage and Use 6 Inspection Annex A (Informative) Calculation Method of Methane Number Annex B (Informative) Category of Compressed Natural Gas

ICS 75.060 E 24 中华人民共和国国家标准 GB 18047-2017 代替GB 18047-2000 车用压缩天然气 Compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel 2017-09-07发布 201804-01实施 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验总局 中国国家标准化管理委员会 发布   前言 本标准的第4.1条为强制性的，其余为推荐性的。 本标准按照GB/T 1.1-2009给出的规则起草。 本标准代替GB 18047—2000《车用压缩天然气》。本标准与GB 18047—2000相比的主要变化如下: ——修改了总硫的技术指标，由“不大于200mg/ m3”修改到“不大于100mg/m3”(见表1)； ——修改了水露点的技术指标，最低要求由“在最高操作压力下，水露点不应高于-13℃”修改到ISO 15403-2:2006推荐的“水的质量浓度不大于30mg/m3”； ——增加了各项指标的检验方法，并同时指出了仲裁方法； ——修改了附录B中燃气的类别，修改了10T和12T燃气的指标，取消了13T燃气。 本标准由全国天然气标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC244)归口。 本标准起草单位:中国石油西南油气田分公司天然气研究院、中国市政工程华北设计研究总院、中国石油工程建设公司华东设计分公司、中国海洋石油总公司研究总院。 本标准主要起草人:唐蒙、吴洪松、迟永杰、张艳霞、何斌、何永明、崔德春、李胜山。 本标准所代替标准的历次版本发布情况为: ——GB 18047—2000。   车用压缩天然气 1 范围 本标准规定了车用压缩天然气的技术要求和试验方法。 本标准适用于压力不大于25MPa，作为车用燃料的压缩天然气。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。 GB/T 11060.1 天然气含硫化合物的测定第1部分:用碘量法测定硫化氢含量 GB/T 11060.2 天然气含硫化合物的测定第2部分:用亚甲蓝法测定硫化氢含量 GB/T 11060.3 天然气含硫化合物的测定第3部分:用乙酸铅反应速率双光路检测法测定硫化氢含量 GB/T 11060.4 天然气含硫化合物的测定第4部分:用氧化微库仑法测定总硫含量 GB/T 11060.5 天然气含硫化合物的测定第5部分:用氢解-速率计比色法测定总硫含量 GB/T 11060.7 天然气含硫化合物的测定第7部分:用林格奈燃烧法测定总硫含量 GB/T 11060.8 天然气含硫化合物的测定第8部分:用紫外荧光光度法测定总硫含量 GB/T 11062 天然气发热量、密度、相对密度和沃泊指数的计算方法 GB/T 13609天然气取样导则 GB/T 13610天然气的组成分析气相色谱法 GB/T 13611-2006 城镇燃气分类和基本特性 GB/T 17258 汽车用压缩天然气钢瓶 GB/T 17283 天然气水露点的测定冷却镜面凝析湿度计法 GB/T 18619.1 天然气中水含量的测定卡尔费休-库仑法 GB/T 19158 站用压缩天然气钢瓶 GB/T 21069 天然气高压下水含量的测定 GB/T 22634 天然气水含量与水露点之间的换算 GB/T 27894.3 天然气在一定不确定度下用气相色谱法测定组成第3部分:用两根填充柱测定氢、氦、氧、氮、二氧化碳和直至C8的烃类 GB/T 27894.4 天然气在一定不确定度下用气相色谱法测定组成第4部分:实验室和在线测量系统中用两根色谱柱测定氮、二氧化碳和C1至C5及C6+的烃类 GB/T 27894.5 天然气在一定不确定度下用气相色谱法测定组成第5部分:实验室和在线工艺系统中用三根色谱柱测定氮、二氧化碳和C1至C5及C6+的烃类 GB/T 27894.6 天然气在一定不确定度下用气相色谱法测定组成第6部分:用三根毛细柱测定氢、氦、氧、氮、二氧化碳和C1至C8的烃类 GB/T 27896 天然气中水含量的测定电子分析法 TSGR 0004 固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程   3 术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 压缩天然气 compressed natural gas；CNG 主要成分为甲烷的压缩气体燃料 3.2 车用压缩天然气 compressed natural gas as vehicle fuel 以专用压力容器储存的，用作车用燃料的压缩天然气。 4 技术要求和试验方法 4.1 车用压缩天然气的技术指标应符合表1的规定。 表1 车用压缩天然气的技术指标 项目 技术指标 高位发热量a/(MJ/m3) ≥ 31.4 总硫(以硫计)a/(mg/m3) ≤ 100 硫化氢a/(mg/m3) ≤ 15 二氧化碳mol:mol/% ≤ 3.0 氧气mol:mol/% ≤ 0.5 水a/(mg/m3) ≤ 在汽车驾驶的特定地理区域内，在压力不大于25MPa和环境温度不低于-13℃的条件下，水的质量浓度应不大于30mg/m3 水露点/℃ 在汽车驾驶的特定地理区域内，在压力不大于25MPa和环境温度低于-13℃的条件下，水露点应比最低环境温度低5℃ 本标准中气体体积的标准参比条件是101.325kPa，20℃。 4.2 车用压缩天然气高位发热量的计算应按GB/T 11062执行，其所依据的天然气组成的测定应按GB/T 13610、GB/T 27894.3、GB/T 27894.4、GB/T 27894.5或GB/T27894.6执行，仲裁试验方法为GB/T 13610。 4.3 车用压缩天然气中总硫含量的测定应按GB/T 11060.4、GB/T 11060.5、GB/T 11060.7或GB/T 11060.8执行，仲裁试验方法为GB/T 11060.4。 4.4车用压缩天然气中硫化氢含量的测定应按GB/T 11060.1、GB/T 11060.2或GB/T 11060.3执行，仲裁试验方法GB/T 11060.1。 4.5车用天然气中二氧化碳含量的测定应按GB/T 13610、GB/T 27894.3，GB/T 27894.4、GB/T 27894.5或GB/T 27894.6执行，仲裁试验方法为GB/T 13610。 4.6车用天然气中氧气含量的测定应按GB/T 13610、GB/T 27894.3、GB/T 27894.4、GB/T27894.5或GB/T 27894.6执行，仲裁试验方法为GB/T 13610。 4.7车用压缩天然气水含量和水露点的测定应按GB/T 17283、GB/T 18619.1、GB/T 21069或GB/T 27896执行，仲裁试验方法GB/T 17283。当水露点已知时，可按GB/T 22634将其换算到标准参比条件下的水含量。   5 储存和使用 5.1 压缩天然气的储存容器应符合TSGR 0004或GB/T 19158的有关规定。车用压缩天然气钢瓶应符合GB/T 17258的有关规定。 5.2 在操作压力和温度下，车用压缩天然气中不应存在液态烃。 5.3 车用压缩天然气中固体颗粒直径应小于5μm。 5.4 车用压缩天然气应具有可以察觉的臭味。无臭味或臭味不足的天然气应加臭。加臭剂的最小量应符合当天然气泄漏到空气中，达到爆炸下限的20%浓度时，应能察觉。加臭剂常用具有明显臭味的化合物配制。 5.5 车用压缩天然气在使用时，应考虑其抗爆性能。附录A给出了天然气甲烷值的计算方法。 5.6 车用压缩天然气在使用时，应考虑其沃泊指数(华白数)，同一地区的压缩天然气，其燃气类别宜应保持不变。附录B给出了压缩天然气的燃气类别。 6 检验 6.1 车用压缩天然气的取样按GB/T 13609进行。 6.2 正常生产时，必须每天对产品水含量进行检验，以确保压缩天然气中不存在液态水。 6.3 在下列情况下，车用压缩天然气产品应按本标准规定的技术要求进行全面检验: a)初次投入生产时； b)正常生产时，定期或积累一定产量后； c)工艺发生重大变化时； d)检验结果与上次全面检验有较大差异时。   附录A (资料性附录) 甲烷值的计算方法 A.1甲烷值的定义 甲烷值 MN Methane Number 表示点燃式发动机燃料抗爆性的一个约定数值。 一种气体燃料的甲烷值是用ASTM的辛烷值评定方法，在规定条件下的标准发动机试验中，将该燃料与标准燃料混合物的爆震倾向进行比较而测定的。当被测气体燃料的抗爆性能与按一定比例混合的甲烷和氢气混合气标准燃料的抗爆性能相同时，该标准燃料中甲烷的体积百分数的数值是该气体燃料的甲烷值。 A.2辛烷值与甲烷值 A.2.1辛烷值与甲烷值的关联 美国气体研究院(GRI)用ASTM的辛烷值评定方法测量了天然气燃料的马达法辛烷值(MON)。测量结果表明，纯甲烷的MON在140左右，大多数天然气的MON在115~130之间。丙烷含量高(17%~25%)的调峰气的MON为96~97。美国气体研究院通过研究分别推导出两个与实验数据非常吻合的、组成或氢碳比与辛烷值的关联式，可适用于大多数常规天然气。此外，还有两个用实验数据推导的辛烷值与甲烷值的关联式。这些关联式如下。 A.2.2天然气组成与辛烷值的线性关联式 天然气组成与辛烷值的线性关联式见式(A.1): MON=137.78x_1+29.948x_2-18.193x_3 -167.062x_4+181.233x_5+26.994x_6…………………………(A.1) 式中: MON——马达法辛烷值； x_i——组分i的摩尔分数，各组分的代号和名称见表A.1。 表A.1 气体燃料中组分代号和名称 组分代号 1 2 3 4 5 6 组分名称 甲烷 乙烷 丙烷 丁烷 二氧化碳 氮气 A.2.3天然气氢碳比与辛烷值关联式 天然气氢碳比与辛烷值关联式见式(A.2): MON=-406.14+508.04R-173.55R^2+20.17R^3 (A.2) 式中: R——气体燃料氢原子与碳原子数目的比值。   A.2.4天然气甲烷值与辛烷值的关联式 天然气甲烷值与辛烷值的关联式见式(A.3)和式(A.4): MN=1.445MON-103.42 (A.3) MON=0.679MN+72.3 (A.4) 式(A.3)和式(A.4)不是完全线性的(r^2=0.98)，因此，这两个关联式相互间并不是完全可逆的。   附录B （资料性附录) 压缩天然气的燃气类别 根据GB/T 13611—2006《城镇燃气分类和基本特性》，并结合本标准技术指标中天然气高位发热量大于314MJ/m^3的要求，按沃泊指数(华白数)W和燃烧势CP的要求，压缩天然气可分为10T和12T，见表B.1。其中燃烧势CP的计算按GB/T 13611-2006进行。 沃泊指数(华白数)W(Wobbe index)按式(B.1)计算: W=H_s/√d (B.1) 式中: W——燃气的沃泊指数(华白数)，单位为兆焦每立方米(MJ/m^3)； 〖 H〗_s——燃气的体积高位发热量，单位为兆焦每立方米(MJ/m^3)； d——燃气的相对密度(空气的相对密度为1)。 表B.1 同时符合本标准和GB/T 13611-2006的燃气类别 符合本标准又符合GB/T13611-2006的燃气分类 GB/T13611-2006规定值101.325kPa，15℃(干) 换算到101.325kPa，20℃(干) 燃烧势CP 沃泊指数(高华白数) 沃泊指数(高华白数) 标准MJ/m^3 范围MJ/m^3 标准MJ/m^3 范围MJ/m^3 标准 范围 10T 41.52 39.0~44.84 40.79 38.37~44.05 33.0 31.0~34.3 12T 50.73 45.6~54.78 49.83 44.86~53.81 40.3 40.3~69.3 注:沃泊指数由15℃换算到20℃时，将15℃的沃泊指数除以换算系数1.018，便可获得20℃的沃泊指数。