Fire service fall protection equipment
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definitions, models, design, appearance and processing requirements, performance requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking, transportation and storage of fire service fall protection equipment.
This standard is applicable to fire service fall protection equipment (except ropes used at a fall factor larger than 0.25).
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments (excluding corrections) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply to this standard. However parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below.
GB/T 191 Packaging — Pictorial marking for handling of goods (GB/T 191-2000, eqv ISO 780: 1997)
GB/T 6461-2002 Methods for corrosion testing of metallic and other inorganic coatings on metallic substrates — Rating of test specimens and manufactured articles subjected to corrosion tests (ISO 10289: 1999, IDT)
GB/T 8834-1988 Ropes — Determination of certain physical and mechanical properties (idt ISO 2307: 1972)
GB/T 10125-1997 Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests (eqv ISO 9227: 1990)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
fire service fall protection equipment
(hereinafter referred to as the equipment)
generic term of the devices and equipment used by fire fighting forces for working at high place and preventing people from falling, injury or death in fire fighting and rescue, emergency rescue and disaster relief or daily training, including fire service life safety rope, fire service life safety harness and belt and auxiliary equipment
3.2
fire service life safety rope
(hereinafter referred to as the life safety rope)
rope used by fire fighting forces only for carrying people in fire fighting and rescue, emergency rescue and disaster relief or daily training
3.3
fire service life safety harness and belt
(hereinafter referred to as the life safety harness and belt)
generic term of fire service life safety harness and life safety belt
3.4
fire service life safety harness
(hereinafter referred to as the life safety harness)
woven belt twining around the trunk with necessary metal parts, which is used for bearing the weight of human body for safety protection
3.5
fire service life safety belt
(hereinafter referred to as the life safety belt)
woven belt fastened around the waist with necessary metal parts, which is used by firefighters for climbing ladders, escaping and saving themselves
3.6
auxiliary equipment
generic term of the bearing components used with life safety rope, life safety harness and life safety belt, including carabiner and snap-link, ascent device, descent control device, rope grab device, portable anchor and pulley device
3.7
carabiner and snap-link
metal load-bearing connector with a manually locking or self-locking opening, usually oval or D-shaped, which is used for connection between pieces of equipment or between equipment and a fixed point
3.8
ascent device
frictional or mechanical device that allows the user to climb along a fixed rope
3.9
descent control device
frictional or mechanical device that allows the user to descend along a fixed rope under control
3.10
portable anchor
simple bearing device capable of lifting or lowering people, such as tripod, quadrupod, A-shaped support and cantilever
3.11
rope grab device
device used for locking the life safety rope to hold people in the air or sliding along the life safety rope and automatically locking when falling, also known as brake
3.12
load-bearing connector
type of components that bears loads, connects or fixes other parts, including carabiner and snap-link and ring
3.13
ring
load-bearing connector without opening
3.14
light use
type of equipment that meets the requirements of this standard and may be used for loads of 1.33 kN and below
3.15
general use
type of equipment that meets the requirements of this standard and may be used for loads of 2.67 kN and below
3.16
virgin fiber
fiber that has never been used
3.17
block creel construction
structure without knots or twists in a thread, single-strand rope or braid
3.18
kernmantel rope
type of rope with core tightly wrapped with skin, with core as main load-bearing part, and skin as protector
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Model
5 Design, appearance and processing requirements
6 Performance requirements
7 Test method
8 Test rules
9 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Normative) Tests for breaking strength and elongation of the life safety rope
Annex B (Informative) User instructions for fire service fall protection equipment
1 范围
本标准规定了消防用防坠落装备的定义、型号、设计、外观和加工要求、性能要求、试验方法、检验规则、包装、标志、运输和贮存。
本标准适用于消防用防坠落装备(坠落系数超过0.25的场合下使用的绳索除外)。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准，然而，鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。
GB/T 191 包装储运图示标志(GB/T 191—2000，egv ISO 780：1997)
GB/T 6461—2002 金属基体上金属和其他无机覆盖层 经腐蚀试验后的试样和试件的评级(ISO 10289：1999，IDT)
GB/T 8834—1988 绳索 有关物理和机械性能的测定(idt ISO 2307：1972)
GB/T 10125—1997 人造气氛腐蚀试验 盐雾试验(eqv ISO 9227：1990)
3 术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本标准。
3.1
消防用防坠落装备(以下简称：装备) fire service fall protection equipment
消防部队在灭火救援、抢险救灾或日常训练中用于登高作业、防止人员坠落伤亡的装置和设备的统称，包括消防安全绳、消防安全带和辅助设备。
3.2
消防安全绳(以下简称：安全绳) fire service life safety rope
消防部队在灭火救援、抢险救灾或日常训练中仅用于承载人的绳子。
3.3
消防安全带(以下简称：安全带) fire service life safety harness and belt
消防安全吊带和消防安全腰带的统称。
3.4
消防安全吊带(以下简称：安全吊带) fire service life safety harness
一种围于躯干的带有必要金属零件的织带，用于承受人体重量以保护其安全。
3.5
消防安全腰带(以下简称：安全腰带) fire service life safety belt
一种紧扣于腰部的带有必要金属零件的织带，用于消防员登梯作业和逃生自救。
3.6
辅助设备 auxiliary equipment
与安全绳和安全吊带、安全腰带配套使用的承载部件的统称，包括安全钩、上升器、下降器、抓绳器、便携式固定装置、滑轮装置等。
3.7
安全钩 carabiner and snap-link
带有手锁或自锁开口的金属承载连接部件，通常为椭圆形或D形，用于装备之间或装备与固定点之间的连接。
3.8
上升器 ascent device
让使用者可沿固定绳索攀爬的摩阻式或机械式装置。
3.9
下降器 descent control device
让使用者可沿固定绳索进行可控式下降的摩阻式或机械式装置。
3.10
便携式固定装置 portable anchor
一种可以举升或垂降人员的简易承载装置。如三脚架、四脚架、A形架、悬臂等。
3.11
抓绳器 rope grab device
又称制动器，是一种用于锁紧安全绳起人员空中定位作用或者可沿安全绳滑动但发生坠落时能自动锁紧的装置。
3.12
承载连接部件 load-bearing connector
包括安全钩、拉环等在内的承受载荷、起连接或固定作用的一类部件。
3.13
拉环 ring
一种没有开口的承载连接部件。
3.14
轻型 light use
符合本标准要求的、可用于1.33kN及其以下负荷的装备类型。
3.15
通用型 general use
符合本标准要求的、可用于2.67kN及其以下负荷的装备类型。
3.16
原纤维 virgin fiber
从未使用过的纤维。
3.17
连续结构 block creel construction
线、单股绳或编织物中没有绳结或捻结点的结构。
3.18
夹心绳 kernmantel rope
是一种绳芯外紧裹绳皮的绳索类型。其主承重部分为绳芯，绳皮起保护作用。
3.19
最小破断强度(MBS) minimum breaking strength
为破断强度试验值的平均值减去三倍的系统误差所得的计算值。
3.20
延伸率 elongation
安全绳按规定条件试验时其伸长的值与原长之比的百分值。
3.21
坠落系数 fall factor
坠落程度的一种度量标准，等于下降冲击距离与安全绳长度的比值。
3.22
设计负荷 design load
在正常的静态条件下，装备承载的设计值。
3.23
成套系统 manufactured system
厂方成套出售或送检的装备套件，由安全绳、安全带和辅助设备组合而成。
4 型号
4.1 消防用防坠落装备的产品型号由类组代号、类别代号、类型代号和主参数等组成，其形式如下：
企业自定义
主参数
类型代号
类别代号
类组代号(消防用防坠落装备)
