Nanotechnologies - Magnetic nanomaterials - Part 1: Specification of characteristics and measurements for magnetic nanosuspensions
1 Scope
This document specifies the characteristics of magnetic nanosuspensions to be measured and lists measurement methods for measuring these characteristics.
This is a generic document and does not deal with any particular application.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references for this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
——ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
——IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
AC susceptibility
complex ratio between the dynamic magnetization and the applied magnetic excitation field
Note 3: AC susceptibility depends on the excitation field frequency and the temperature, which should also be indicated.
Note 4: The amplitude of the excitation field must be small enough so there is a linear relation between the amplitude of the dynamic magnetization and the amplitude of the applied AC field.
3.2
agglomerate
collection of weakly or medium strongly bound particles where the resulting external surface area is similar to the sum of the surface areas of the individual components
Note 1: The forces holding an agglomerate together are weak forces, for example van der Waals forces or simple physical entanglement.
Note 2: Agglomerates are also termed secondary particles and the original source particles are termed primary particles.
Note 3: Primary particles can themselves be composites particles with both magnetic and non-magnetic parts.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 3.4]
3.3
aggregate
particle comprising strongly bonded or fused particles, where the resulting external surface area is significantly smaller than the sum of surface areas of the individual components
Note 1: The forces holding an aggregate together are strong forces, for example covalent or ionic bonds, or those resulting from sintering or complex physical entanglement, or otherwise combined former primary particles.
Note 2: Aggregates are also termed secondary particles and the original source particles are termed primary particles.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 3.5]
3.4
chemical composition
ratio of the quantities of the chemical elements present in the nanosuspension
Note 1: The quantities may be expressed in mass, volumen or number of moles.
3.5
core-shell nanoparticle
nanoparticle consisting of a core and shell(s)
Note 1: A related term nanostructured core-shell particle is defined in GB/T 30544.4-2019.
Note 2: The largest external dimension/length (core diameter plus twice the shell thickness) has to be in the nanoscale . For spherical core-shell nanoparticle, this length is the outer diameter.
Note 3: A related term, single-core magnetic nanoparticle, is defined in ISO 472.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.13]
3.6
curie temperature
temperature at which a ferromagnetic material passes from the ferromagnetic state to the paramagnetic state and vice versa
[SOURCE: ISO 11358-1:2014, 3.3]
3.7
differential magnetic susceptibility
differential ratio of the magnetization that is induced by a magnetic field change to the amplitude of the magnetic field change
Note 1: The magnetic susceptibility of a material can be related to volume, mass or amount of the material.
Note 2: The initial susceptibility χo is defined as the susceptibility at H = 0.
Note 3: Magnetic nanosuspensions are considered as magnetically isotropic and their magnetic susceptibility is indicated as a scalar.
3.8
dispersant
additive that facilitates the dispersion of solid in the dispersing medium, and that increases the stability against agglomeration of the mixture thereafter
[SOURCE: GB/T 5206-2015, 2.85, modified]
3.9
dispersing medium
liquid in which the sample is dispersed and suspended
[SOURCE: ISO 14703:2008, 3.5]
3.10
dry matter content
ratio of the mass of residues after drying at certain high temperature to that of sample before drying
3.11
dynamic viscosity
ratio between the applied shear stress and rate of shear of a liquid
Note 1: It is sometimes called the coefficient of dynamic viscosity, or simply viscosity.
Note 2: Dynamic viscosity is a measure of the resistance to flow or deformation of a liquid.
Note 3: The term dynamic viscosity can also be used in a different context to denote a frequency-dependent quantity in which shear stress and shear rate have a sinusoidal time dependence.
[SOURCE: ISO 3104:1994, 3.3, modified]
3.12
equivalent diameter
diameter of a sphere that produces a response by a given particle-sizing method, that is equivalent to the response produced by the particle being measured
Note 1: The physical property to which the equivalent diameter refers is indicated using a suitable subscript (see GB/T 15445.1-2008).
Note 2: For discrete-particle-counting, light-scattering instruments, an equivalent optical diameter is used.
Note 3: Other material constants like density of the particle are used for the calculation of the equivalent diameter like Stokes diameter or sedimentation equivalent diameter. The material constants, used for the calculation, should be reported additionally.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-6:2013, 3.1.5]
3.13
fluid density
mass of unit volume of suspension at specific temperature
3.14
fluid nanodispersion
heterogeneous material in which nano-objects or a nanophase are dispersed in a continuous fluid phase of a different composition
