Standard for lighting design of buildings
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This standard is hereby formulated with a view to implementing national technical and economic policies in lighting design of buildings, meeting the functional requirements of buildings, being conducive to production, work, study, life, and physical and mental health, achieving advanced technology, economic rationality, safe use, energy conservation and environmental protection, and convenient maintenance, and promoting green lights and healthful lighting.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the indoor lighting design of constructed, extended, renovated and decorated civil buildings and industrial buildings and the outdoor functional lighting design within the boundaries of such buildings.
1.0.3 In addition to this standard, the lighting design of buildings shall also comply with those stipulated in the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 green lights
lighting that is safe and comfortable, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and conducive to improving people's production, work and study efficiency and quality of life, and protecting physical and mental health
2.0.2 healthful lighting
lighting designed to improve the quality of the light environment based on visual and non-visual effects, contributing to the physical and mental health of people
2.0.3 visual task
process of observing details and targets presented in front of a background during work and activities
2.0.4 luminous flux
luminous quantity derived based on the effect of radiation on a standard photometric observer, expressed in lumens (lm), 1lm=1cd·1sr. For photopic vision:
(2.0.4)
where,
dΦe(λ)/dλ——the spectral distribution of the radiant flux;
V(λ)——the spectral luminous efficiency;
Km——the maximum spectral luminous efficacy of radiation, lm/W. In the case of monochromatic radiation, the Km value under photopic vision conditions is 683lm/W (when λ=555nm).
2.0.5 luminous intensity
luminous intensity of an illuminator in a given direction, which is the quotient of the luminous flux dΦ transmitted by the illuminator in the solid angle element dΩ in that direction divided by the solid angle element, that is, the luminous flux per unit solid angle, expressed in candelas (cd), 1cd=1lm/sr
2.0.6 luminance
a measure defined by the equation L=d2Φ/(dA·cosθ·dΩ), expressed in candelas per square meter (cd/m2)
where,
dΦ——the luminous flux transmitted by the beam element from a given point and propagating within the solid angle dΩ including the given direction, lm;
dA——the beam cross-sectional area including the given point, m2;
θ——the angle between the normal of the beam section and the beam direction.
2.0.7 illuminance
quotient of the luminous flux dΦ incident on the surface element containing the point divided by the area dA of the surface element, expressed in luxes (lx), 1lx=1lm/m2
2.0.8 average illuminance
average value of illuminance at all points on a specified surface
2.0.9 maintained average illuminance
average illuminance on a specified surface when the lighting device must be maintained
2.0.10 semi-cylindrical illuminance (Esc)
illuminance produced by a light source on an imaginary small half cylindrical surface at a given point in space, where the cylinder axis is usually vertical, and the half cylinder is oriented in the inner normal direction of its flat back
2.0.11 reference plane
plane on which illuminance is measured or specified
2.0.12 working plane
plane on whose surface the work is performed
2.0.13 recognized objective
objects and details to be recognized
2.0.14 maintenance factor
ratio of the average illuminance or average luminance produced on a specified surface by the lighting device after a certain period of use to the average illuminance or average luminance obtained on the same surface when such device is newly installed under the same conditions
2.0.15 general lighting
uniform lighting set up to illuminate the entire place
2.0.16 localized general lighting
uniform lighting set up to illuminate specific area(s) in the workplace
2.0.17 local lighting
lighting set up to illuminate a local area for a specific visual work
2.0.18 mixed lighting
lighting consisting of general lighting and local lighting
2.0.19 accent lighting
lighting that stands out from the surrounding area in order to enhance the illuminance of a specified area or target
2.0.20 atmosphere lighting
lighting that creates a specific environmental atmosphere through changes in light colour and luminance on the basis of general lighting
2.0.21 normal lighting
lighting for use under normal conditions
2.0.22 emergency lighting
lighting enabled due to failure of normal lighting power supply, including escape lighting, safety lighting, and stand-by lighting
2.0.23 escape lighting
lighting set up to ensure that evacuation routes for persons are effectively recognized and used, including evacuation route lighting and evacuation indication signs
2.0.24 safety lighting
lighting set up to ensure the safety of persons in potential danger
2.0.25 stand-by lighting
lighting set up to ensure the continuation of normal activities
2.0.26 on-duty lighting
lighting set up for duty work during non-working hours
2.0.27 security lighting
lighting installed for security purposes
2.0.28 obstacle lighting
lighting installed for warning purposes on buildings (structures) that may jeopardize aviation safety
2.0.29 LED light source
electric light source based on LED technology
2.0.30 LED lamp
LED light source that is equipped with a lamp holder and combined with one or more LED modules and a matching power driver, including directional LED lamp and non-directional LED lamp
2.0.31 LED luminaire
luminaire that combines one or more LED light sources and a matching power driver
2.0.32 LED power driver
device placed between a power supply end and one or more LED modules to provide rated voltage or rated current for the LED modules
2.0.33 LED constant voltage power supply
device placed between an AC power supply end and a LED lamp or LED luminaire to provide stable DC voltage for the LED lamp or LED luminaire
2.0.34 distribution of luminous intensity
representation of the luminous intensities of a light source or luminaire in various spatial directions, typically shown in curves or tables, also known as light distribution
2.0.35 luminous efficacy of a light source
quotient of the luminous flux emitted by the light source divided by the power of the light source, which is referred to as luminous efficacy, expressed in lumens per watt (lm/W)
2.0.36 luminaire efficiency
ratio of the total luminous flux emitted by a luminaire to the total luminous flux emitted by all light sources in it under the specified usage conditions, also known as the luminous output ratio of the luminaire
2.0.37 luminaire efficacy
ratio of the total luminous flux emitted by a luminaire to its input power under the specified usage conditions, expressed in lumens per watt (lm/W)
2.0.38 luminous flux maintenance
ratio of the luminous flux of a light source after a given ignition time to its initial luminous flux
2.0.39 uniformity ratio of illuminance (U0)
ratio of minimum illuminance to average illuminance on a specified surface
2.0.40 glare
visual phenomenon that causes discomfort or reduces the ability to observe details or objects due to an inappropriate luminance distribution or luminance range in the field of view, or due to the presence of extreme contrast
2.0.41 discomfort glare
glare that causes discomfort but does not necessarily reduce the visibility of visual objects
2.0.42 unified glare rating (UGR)
psychological parameter used by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) to measure the subjective response of the human eye to the discomfort caused by the light emitted by lighting devices in an indoor visual environment
2.0.43 glare rating (GR)
psychological parameter used by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) to measure the subjective response of the human eye to the discomfort caused by lighting devices in stadiums and other outdoor fields
2.0.44 veiling reflection
specular reflection of a visual object that reduces the contrast of the visual object, making it partially or completely difficult to see the details
2.0.45 glare by reflection
glare caused by reflections in the field of view, especially glare from seeing a reflected image close to the line of sight
2.0.46 shielding angle of luminaire
angle between the plane of the luminaire lighting outlet and the line of sight just out of view of the illuminator
2.0.47 flicker
visual instability observed by a stationary observer in a static environment when illuminated by light whose luminance or spectral distribution fluctuates over time
2.0.48 stroboscopic effect
phenomenon observed by a stationary observer where moving objects appear different from their actual motion when illuminated by light whose luminance or spectral distribution fluctuates over time
2.0.49 short-term flicker indicator of illuminance ()
a measure for the extent of impact caused by flicker output by low-frequency (up to 80Hz) light over a short period
2.0.50 stroboscopic effect visibility measure (SVM)
a measure for the extent of stroboscopic effect in the short term when the light output frequency ranges from 80Hz to 2,000Hz
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Basic requirements
3.1 Lighting styles and types
3.2 Light sources
3.3 Luminaires and accessories
4 Lighting quantity and quality
4.1 Illuminance
4.2 Distribution of illuminance
4.3 Limitation of glare
4.4 Limitation of flicker and stroboscopic effects
4.5 Colour quality
4.6 Non-visual effects
4.7 Reflectance of surface
5 Lighting standard values
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Residential buildings
5.3 Public buildings
5.4 Industrial buildings
5.5 General rooms or places
6 Lighting energy conservation
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Measures for lighting energy conservation
6.3 Lighting power density limits
6.4 Use of daylight
7 Lighting power distribution and control
7.1 Lighting voltage
7.2 Lighting power distribution
7.3 Lighting control
Annex A Unified glare rating (UGR)
Annex B Glare rating (GR)
Explanation of wording in this standard
List of quoted standards
