Foreword
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This document was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.
Guidelines for safety use of lithium ion cells and batteries
1 Scope
This document provides safety guidance and suggestions during the use of lithium ion cells and batteries, and gives relevant information about possible hazards provided by lithium ion cell and battery manufacturers to users.
This document is applicable to use of lithium ion cells and batteries.
2 Normative references
No normative reference is listed in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
lithium ion cell
device that realizes mutual conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy by lithium ion moving between positive and negative electrodes, and is designed to be rechargeable
Note: The device consists of electrodes, diaphragms, electrolytes, containers, terminals, etc.
3.2
module
configuration in which multiple cells are connected in series or in parallel and for which protective devices [such as fuses or positive temperature coefficient thermistors (PTC)] and monitoring circuits may or may not be provided
[Source: IEC 62619:2017, 3.9]
3.3
battery pack
energy storage device which comprises one or more cells or modules electrically connected
Note 1: It may include protection and monitoring devices that provide information (such as cell voltage) to the battery system.
Note 2: It may include a protective cover provided by terminals or other interconnection devices.
[Source: IEC 62619:2017, 3.10]
3.4
battery protection circuit module; PCM
battery management unit; BMU
battery management system; BMS
circuit board, circuit module or electronic system to protect the safety of cells whose core function is to control the charge and discharge behavior of batteries
Note 1: Usually, in the application field of simple portable products, a separate battery protection circuit module is used to protect cells, while in the component modules of complex battery systems, a battery management unit is used to manage cells in modules, and a battery management system is used to manage and protect cells in complex battery systems such as power batteries of new energy vehicles.
Note 2: Complex battery management system may include battery voltage, temperature and current measurement, energy balance, SOC calculation and display, abnormal alarm, charge and discharge management, communication, etc.
4 Possible hazards
4.1 General
The possible hazards caused by the lithium ion cells and batteries include: leakage, overheat, electric shock, fire, explosion, etc.
The user referred to in this document includes: equipment manufacturer, end equipment user and maintenance personnel.
This document sets out the expected use of lithium ion cells and batteries, as well as the identification and description of reasonably foreseeable inherent hazards in misuse.
4.2 Leakage
4.2.1 General
Leakage may directly pose chemical corrosion hazard to human bodies, or lead to failures of insulations inside the equipment, indirectly causing hazards such as electric shock and fire.
4.2.2 Cause
It shall include but not be limited to the following:
——electrolyte leakage inside the cell due to bulging and deflation;
——electrolyte leakage inside the cell due to extrusion and damage
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Possible hazards
4.1 General
4.2 Leakage
4.3 Overheat
4.4 Electric shock
4.5 Fire
4.6 Explosion
5 Suggestions to the equipment manufacturer
5.1 Protection function management
5.2 Voltage management
5.3 Current management
5.4 Temperature management
5.5 Series-parallel management of cells
5.6 Communication management
5.7 Installation and protection of cells
6 Suggestions to end equipment users
6.1 Charging and discharging
6.2 Long-term placement
6.3 Prevention of abnormal conditions
6.4 Handling of abnormal conditions
7 Suggestions to maintenance personnel
7.1 General conditions
7.2 Prevention of abnormal conditions
7.3 Handling of abnormal conditions
Bibliography
