1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for mobile crane driver's cabs as defined in ISO 4306-2.
This document applies to drivers' cabs for crane operations.
This document does not apply to drivers' cabs for road travel.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document by means of normative references in the text. Where a reference is dated, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; where a reference is not dated, the latest version (including all amendment sheets) applies to this document.
ISO 7752-2 Cranes-Control layout and characteristics-Part 2: Mobile cranes (Cranes-Control layout and characteristics-Part 2 : Basic arrangement and requirements for mobile cranes)
ISO 8566-1 Crane driver's cabs and control stations-Part 1: General (Cranes-Cabins and control stations-Part 1: General)
ISO 11660-2 Cranes- Access, guards and restraints-Part 2 ; Mobile cranes
3 Terminology and definitions
There are no terms and definitions that need to be defined in this document.
4 General requirements
4.1 The general requirements for mobile crane driver's cabs apply to the operation of cranes that carry out lifting operations and travel on site.
4.2 The general requirements for the driver's cab, including those relating to visibility, noise and vibration, shall be in accordance with the requirements of ISO 8566-1.
5 Structure of the driver's cab
5.1 The structure of the driver's cab enclosure shall protect the operator's console from the effects of weather.
5.2 Driver's cabs with a forward, upper and, in accordance with the structural requirements, either side view shall be provided with glazed windows at the front, top and sides. The front view shall include a vertical range sufficient to cover the end points of the boom at all times. Where the driver's cab is mounted on the frame and the boom is capable of slewing independently of the cab for more than 180*, glazed windows shall be provided in all directions in the driver's cab.
Glass wipers shall be fitted to the front and top windows.
If required, the front or top window may be equipped with a window that can be easily removed or kept open. If this window is of a type that remains open, it shall be capable of being secured to prevent accidental closure.
The driver's room window shall be fitted with a latch to prevent the window from being opened from outside the driver's room.
Windows close to the moving boom or lifting mechanism shall be restricted in the angle of opening or shall be equipped with a guard to limit the extension of the head and/or arm through the window or opening.
Windows in the driver's compartment shall have permanent transparency and be made of safety glass or its equivalent. The transparency shall not be affected by natural light and shall be able to withstand mechanical shocks. 5.2 The crane shall be protected by a protective cover.
5.3 The door of the driver's cab, whether of the sliding or pivoting type, shall prevent accidental opening and closing during crane movement or operation. Doors close to the driver should open outwards if they are of the swivel type and slide backwards if they are of the sliding type.
The exit door from the operator's console to the driver's side shall be provided with clear access.
The driver's compartment door shall be fitted with a lock or locking device to restrict access to the driver's compartment by uninvolved persons.
5.4 Where access to the top of the driver's cab is required for installation or maintenance, ladders or steps shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of ISO 11660-2.
5.5 A device for keeping the operator's manual and other crane information and instructions as specified by the manufacturer shall be provided in the driver's cab.
5.6 Facilities for the installation and storage of fire extinguishers shall be provided in the driver's cabin.
5.7 The dimensions of the driver's cab as specified in Figure 1 are the minimum requirements for a single person driver's cab, if possible larger. The minimum clear height should be 1300mm, the clear width 790mm and the clear depth (through the seat calibration point SIP) 1300mm.
5.8 A driver's compartment designed to accommodate the operator and other personnel:
a) The space for the operator shall have the minimum dimensions required in 5.7;
b) For each occupied space, it shall have the minimum net dimensions of 1300 mm in height, 790 mm in width and 900 mm in depth.
5.9 The driver's compartment shall be provided with the main entrance and exit equipment. Components of the main entrance/exit equipment, such as steps, ladders and handrails, shall comply with the requirements of ISO 11660-2.
5.10 The driver's compartment shall be provided with optional access points other than the main access point in accordance with the requirements of ISO 11660-2.
6 Driver's cab seating
6.1 Separate driver's cab seats shall be provided for the operator and each intended passenger.
6.2 The seat shall :
a) be securely mounted and have the minimum dimensions given in Figure 2;
b) be in a suitable working position for the driver, be adjustable horizontally and vertically to a suitable position without tools and then be locked in place;.
c) be fitted with a tilting backrest of the right shape and supporting the back;
d) fitted with springs and cushions to isolate or dampen vibrations when required;
e) be of sufficient rigidity in construction and base to allow the driver to apply the necessary forces to all controls without significant movement;
f) Constructed to allow direct and easy access.
When the driver's cab of a tyre crane is used for both crane operations and travel, each seat should be equipped with a safety belt. For tyre cranes where the driver's cab is used only for crane operations, seat belts are not required.
7 Control elements
The general principles for the arrangement and characteristics of control elements shall be in accordance with ISO 7752-2.
8 Information
The following information shall be provided in clearly visible text and graphics on a sturdy and durable item, which shall be securely fixed in a position in the crane driver's cab so that it can be easily seen by the operator when sitting at the operator's console:
a) A chart of the rated lifting capacity;
9 Lighting of the driver's cab
9.1 The driver's compartment shall be illuminated so that all information in the driver's compartment, such as crane instructions, signs, labels or rated load charts, can be easily identified during crane operation.
9.2 Artificial lighting shall be provided in the driver's cab by fixed lighting devices.
Bibliography
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terminology and definitions
4 General requirements
5 Structure of the driver's cab
6 Driver's cab seating
7 Control elements
8 Information
9 Lighting of the driver's cab
Bibliography
1范围
本文件规定了按ISO 4306-2定义的流动式起重机司机室的要求。
本文件适用于起重机作业用的司机室。
本文件不适用于道路行驶用的司机室。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中,注日期的引用文件,仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
ISO 7752-2起重机械控制装置布置形式和特性第2部分:流动式起重机(Cranes-Control layout and characteristics-Part 2 : Basic arrangement and requirements for mobile cranes)
ISO 8566-1起重机司机室和控制站第1部分:总则(Cranes-Cabins and control stations-Part 1:General)
ISO 11660-2起重机通道及安全防护设施第2部分:流动式起重机(Cranes- Access, guards and restraints-Part 2 ; Mobile cranes)
3术语和定义
本文件没有需要界定的术语和定义。
4一般要求
4.1流动式起重机司机室的-般要求适用于进行起升作业和在工地上行驶的起重机的操作。
4.2司机室的一般要求,包含有关视野、噪声和振动的要求,应符合ISO 8566-1的要求。
5司机室结构
5.1司机室外壳的结构应保护操作台不受天气的影响。
5.2具有前方、上方以及符合结构要求的任一侧视野的司机室应在前部、顶部及两侧装有玻璃窗。前方视野应包括任何时候足以覆盖臂架端点的垂直范围。当司机室安装在车架上且臂架能够独立于司机室超过180*回转时,应在司机室的各个方向装设玻璃窗。
前窗及顶窗上应装有玻璃刮水器。.
如果需要，前窗或顶窗可配备一扇易于拆卸或保持敞开的窗户。如果这扇窗户是保持在敞开位置的型式,则它应能够被固定,以防止意外关闭.
司机室窗户应装有防止从司机室外打开窗户的插销。
靠近运动臂架或起升机构的窗户应限制其打开的角度或应装有限制头和/或手臂伸出窗户、开口的防护装置.
司机室的窗户应具有永久的透明度,该窗户由安全玻璃或与其相当的材料制成。在自然光下不影响透明度,并能承受机械冲击。，
5.3在起重机行驶或作业期间,司机室的门,不管是滑动型还是转动型，应阻止意外开闭。靠近司机的门，如果是转动型的,应向外开,如果是滑动型的,应向后滑动开启。
从操作台至司机侧面的出人口应设有畅通的通道。
司机室的门应装有门锁或锁紧装置以限制无关人员进入司机室。
5.4如果需要接近司机室顶部进行安装或维修,应根据ISO11660-2的要求设置梯子或台阶。
5.5在司机室里应设置保存操作手册及由制造商指定的其他起重机资料及说明书的装置。
5.6在司机室里应设置安装及储存灭火器的设施。
5.7图1中规定的司机室尺寸是单人司机室的最低要求，如有可能,宜更大一些。最小净高度应为1300mm,净宽度为790mm,净深度(穿过座椅标定点SIP)1300mm。
5.8设计用于容纳操作人员和其他人员的司机室:
a) 操作者的空间应具有5.7中的最小尺寸要求;
b)对于每个占用空间,应具有最小的净尺寸,即:高1300 mm、宽790 mm及深度900 mm.
5.9应为司机室提供主要的出人口设备。主要出入口设备的部件，如台阶、梯子及扶手应符合ISO 11660-2的要求。
5.10司机室应根据 ISO 11660-2的要求备有除主要出人口之外的其他设施作为可选择的出人口。
6司机室座椅
6.1应为操作者和每个预定乘客提供独立的司机室座椅。
6.2座椅应 :
a)安装牢固且具有图2中给出的最小尺寸;
b)使司机处于一个合适的工作位置,不用工具就可水平和垂直调整至合适的位置,然后锁紧;.
c) 装有一个具有合适形状并支承后背的倾斜靠背;
d)在需要时,装有弹簧和软垫以隔离或减弱振动;
e)在结构和底座上具有足够的刚度以允许司机将必要的力施加于所有控制装置上,而不会发生显著的移动;
f)在构造上允许直接而方便地进出。
轮胎式起重机的司机室既用于起重机作业又用于行驶时,应为每个座椅配置安全带。对于轮胎式起重机的司机室仅用于起重机作业时,不需要配置安全带。
7控制元件
控制元件的布置和特性的一般原则应符合ISO 7752-2的规定。
8信息
在坚固而耐久的物品上用清晰可见的文字及图形提供下列信息，该信息应牢固地固定在起重机司机室中某一位置,使操作者坐在操作台前就能容易看到:
a)额定起重量图表;
9司机室的照明
9.1司机室应设有照明,使得在起重机工作期间，司机室内的所有信息,如起重机说明书、标志、标签或额定起重量图表易于识别。
9.2在司机室内应由固定的照明装置提供人工照明。
参考文献
