GB/T 17382-2023 Series 1 freight containers - Handling and securing
1 Scope
This document specifies the basic requirements for the handling and securing of Series 1 containers, loading and unloading, specified lifting methods, grounding and support, site stacking and securing requirements during transportation.
This document specifies the methods of handling and securing series 1 freight containers built and tested to comply with ISO 1496 (all parts).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 668 Series 1 freight containers - Classification, dimensions and ratings
Note: GB/T 1413-2023, Series 1 freight containers - Classification, dimensions and ratings (ISO 668:2020, IDT)
ISO 830 Freight container vocabulary
Note: GB/T 1992-2023, Freight container vocabulary (ISO 830:1999, MOD)
ISO 1161 Series 1 freight containers - Corner and intermediate fittings - Specifications
Note: GB/T 1835-2023, Series 1 freight containers - Corner fittings technical specifications (ISO 1161:2016, MOD)
ISO 1496 (all parts) Series 1 freight containers - Specification and testing
Note: GB/T 5338.1-2023, Series 1 freight containers - Specification and testing - Part 1: General cargo containers for general purposes (ISO 1496-1:2013, IDT)
GB/T 5338.2-2023, Series 1 freight containers - Specification and testing - Part 2: Thermal containers (ISO 1496-2:2018, IDT)
GB/T 5338.4-2023, Series 1 freight containers - Specification and testing - Part 4: Non-pressurized containers for dry bulk (ISO 1496-4:1991, MOD)
GB/T 5338.5-2023, Series 1 freight containers - Specification and testing - Part 5: Platform and platform-based containers (ISO 1496-5:2018, IDT)
GB/T 16563-2017, Series 1 freight containers - Specification and testing - Tank containers for liquids, gases and pressurized dry bulk (ISO 1496-3:1995, IDT)
IMO/ILO/UNECE Code of Practice for Packing of Cargo Transport Units
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 830 and the following apply.
3.1 General
3.1.1
empty container
container in the tare condition
3.1.2
packed container
container in a condition other than the tare condition
3.1.3
asymmetry of the centre of gravity
longitudinal and/or lateral horizontal differences between the centre of gravity of any container [empty (3.1.1) or packed (3.1.2), with or without fittings and appliances] and the geometric centre of the diagonals of the centres of the four bottom corner fittings
3.1.4
mobile centre of gravity
centre of gravity of a container packed with liquid, bulk, hanging or similar cargo which is liable to move under dynamic conditions
3.1.5
securing device
device used to secure containers
Note: Securing devices can be divided into three types, namely securing fittings, lashing fittings and buttress fittings, each type divided into fixed fittings and portable fittings and defined as follows:
——securing fittings - securing devices used between the containers and between the container and the deck, hatch cover as well as bilge, to prevent the container from longitudinal, traverse and vertical movements relative to the hull during the transportation,
——lashing fittings - securing devices used to lash the container on the hatch cover, deck or lashing bridge,
——buttress fittings - securing devices used to eliminate the clearance between the container and the longitudinal bulkhead and transfer the transverse force to the longitudinal bulkhead,
——fixed fittings - securing devices welded to the hull;
——portable fittings - securing devices not welded to the hull;
3.2 Twist locks
3.2.1
collar
part of a twistlock which fits into the top or bottom apertures of a corner fitting and restrains connected containers from horizontal movements
3.2.2
cone
part of a twistlock that fits into the top or bottom aperture of a corner fitting or a securing socket and restrains connected containers from vertical movements
3.2.3
eyehole
(if so fitted) hole in a cone to identify the orientation of the twistlock according to the manufacturer’s specifications
Note: Some manufacturers use “lightening holes”, which should not be confused with eyeholes
3.2.4
handle tail
bent up part of the handle to identify the orientation of the twistlock in a stack of containers
3.2.5
fixed base
rigid part of a collar which allows the manual pre-locking of the bottom part of a twistlock
3.2.6
triggering device
manually operated device which sets a twistlock
3.2.7
intermediate plate
part of a twistlock that carries the compression force between stacked containers
3.2.8
single twistlock
twistlock fitted with either top cone (3.2.2) or bottom cone and the function is achieved by the cone twisting
3.2.9
double twistlock
twistlock fitted with both top cone (3.2.2) and bottom cone and the function is achieved by both cones twisting
3.2.10
single lock
locking function of a twistlock in either the top cone (3.2.2) or bottom cone, where the cone does not twist
3.2.11
double lock
locking function of a twistlock in both the top cone (3.2.2) and bottom cone, where neither cone twists
3.2.12
single-function twistlock
twistlock of asymmetrical design complying with the standard orientation
Note: It can be used only in one of the two following alternatives:
——in the top corner fitting of the container on which another container will be stacked;
——in the bottom corner fitting of a container which is going to be stacked on top of another container.
3.2.13
dual-function twistlock
twistlock that, having the same orientation, can be pre-locked either in a top corner fitting or in a bottom corner fitting
3.2.14
single purpose twistlock
twistlock that is only used for locking
3.2.15
multi-purpose twistlock
twistlock that fulfils the function of a twistlock and have additional functionality which can include lifting capability
3.2.16
multi-purpose automatic twistlock; MAT
twistlock that fulfils the function of a FAT (3.2.20) and will have additional functionality which can include lifting capability
3.2.17
midlock
locking device that does not require any locking or unlocking operation when containers are loaded or discharged
Note 1: Midlocks are used in conjunction with semi-automatic twistlocks (3.2.19) as long as they are compatible: One end of container is fitted with midlocks whilst the other end has semi-automatic twistlocks.
Note 2: A midlock opens only when the container is lifted and the semi-automatic twistlocks at the other end of the container are free to open.
Note 3: Midlocks are typically used in the middle position for 20 ft containers stowed in a 40 ft1) bay.
