1 General
1.1 Scope and object
This part of GB/T 15969 specifies requirements and related tests for programmable controllers (PLCs) and their associated peripherals (for example, programming and debugging tools (PADTs), human-machine interfaces (HMIs), etc.) which have as their intended use the control and command of machines and industrial processes.
PLCs and their associated peripherals are intended to be used in an industrial environment and may be provided as open or enclosed equipment. If a PLC or its associated peripherals are intended for use in other environments (light industrial, commercial, residential), then the specific requirements, standards and installation practices for those other environments shall be additionally applied to the PLC and its associated peripherals.
This standard also applies to any products performing the function of PLCs and/or their associated peripherals.
Equipment covered in this standard is intended for use in overvoltage category II (GB/T 16935.1-1997) in low-voltage installations, where the rated equipment supply voltage does not exceed a.c. 1,000 V r.m.s. (50/60 Hz), or d.c. 1,500 V. (If PLCs or their associated peripherals are applied in overvoltage category III installations, then additional analysis will be required to determine the suitability of the equipment for those applications.)
This standard does not deal with the functional safety or other aspects of the overall automated system. PLCs, their application programme and their associated peripherals are considered as components of a control system.
Since PLCs are component devices, safety considerations for the overall automated system including installation and application are beyond the scope of this standard. Refer to GB 16895 or applicable national/local regulations for electrical installation and guidelines.
However, PLC safety as related to electric shock and fire hazards, electrical interference immunity and error detecting of the PLC-system operation (such as the use of parity checking, self-testing diagnostics, etc.), are addressed.
The object of this part is:
a) to establish the definitions and identify the principal characteristics relevant to the selection and application of PLCs and their associated peripherals;
b) to specify the minimum requirements for functional, electrical, mechanical, environmental and construction characteristics, service conditions, safety, EMC, user programming and tests applicable to PLCs and the associated peripherals.
This part also specifies:
a) service, storage and transportation requirements for PLCs and their associated peripherals (Clause 4);
b) functional requirements for PLCs and their associated peripherals (Clause 5);
c) EMC requirements for PLCs and their associated peripherals (Clause 8);
d) safety requirements for PLCs and their associated peripherals (Clause 11);
e) information that the manufacturer is required to supply (Clauses 7, 10 and 14);
f) test methods and procedures that are to be used for the verification of compliance of PLCs and their associated peripherals with the requirements (Clauses 6, 9 and 12).
g) safety routine tests for PLCs and their peripherals (Clause 13).
The tests are type tests or production routine tests, and not tests related to the ways PLC systems are applied.
1.2 Compliance with this standard
When compliance with this standard is indicated without qualification, compliance with all clauses, including all tests and verifications required in this standard, shall be verified. Moreover, the manufacturer’s obligations expressed in this standard are not waived if no type test is required, or if the test conditions are restricted for practical reasons.
When compliance with some portion of this standard is indicated, it is only necessary to verify compliance with those clauses against which the compliance claim is made. The manufacturer’s obligations as indicated above are still applicable. The smallest unit of this standard for compliance purposes shall be a clause, such as Clauses 5, 8 or 11.
Compliance with a portion of this standard is provided to facilitate efforts with respect to particular conformity assessment requirements (for example, Clause 8, 9 and 10 as the compliance requirements for the EU electromagnetic compatibility directive or Clause 11, 12, 13 and 14 as the compliance requirements for the EU low-voltage directive).
Compliance with constructional requirements and with requirements for information to be provided by the manufacturer shall be verified by suitable examination, visual inspection and/or measurement.
All requirements not tested according to the clauses on tests and verifications shall be verifiable under a procedure to be agreed to by the manufacturer and the user.
The manufacturer shall provide, on request, compliance verification information for all requirements referenced in the claims of compliance with all or a portion of this part.
It is the manufacturer's responsibility to ensure that delivered PLC equipment and associated peripherals are equivalent to the sample(s) which have been type-tested according to this part and therefore that they comply with all requirements of this part.
Significant modifications shall be indicated through the use of suitable revision level indexes and markings (see 5.11 and 11.15) and shall comply with this part.
Note: A new type test may be required to confirm compliance.
Where the manufacturer is allowed to select among several options, he shall clearly specify in his catalogues and/or datasheets those to which any portion of the PLC-system equipment complies. This applies to severity classes of voltage dips (i.e. PS1 or PS2) and types of digital inputs (i.e. Type 1 or Type 3).
1.3 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this part of GB/T 15969, constitute provisions of this part. For dated references, subsequent amendments to (excluding correction to), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document applies.
GB/T 2423.2-2001 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products—Part 2: Test methods—Tests: Dry heat (idt IEC 60068-2-2: 1974)
GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products—Part 2: Test method—Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30: 2005, IDT)
GB/T 2423.5-1995 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products—Part 2: Test methods—Test Ea and guidance: Shock (idt IEC 60068-2-27: 1987)
GB/T 2423.7-1995 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products—Part 2: Test methods—Test Ec and guidance: Drop and topple (Primarily for equipment-type specimens) (idt IEC 60068-2-31: 1982)
GB/T 2423.8-1995 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products—Part 2: Test methods—Test Ed: Free fall (idt IEC 60068-2-32: 1990)
GB/T 2423.10-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Tests methods - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6:1995, IDT)
GB/T 2423.22-2002 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products—Part 2: Test methods Test N: Change of temperature (IEC 60068-2-14: 1984, IDT)
GB 4208-2008 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (IEC 60529: 2001, IDT)
GB 4793.1-2007 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use—Part 1: General requirements (idt IEC 61010-1: 2001, IDT)
GB/T 5169.11-2006 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products—Part 11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods—Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT) (IEC 60695-2-11: 2000, IDT)
GB/T 5169.16-2002 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products—Part 16: 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods (IEC 60695-11-10: 1999, IDT)
GB/T 5465.2-2008 Graphical symbols for use on electrical equipment—Part 2: Graphical symbols (IEC 60417: 2007, IDT)
GB/T 6113.102-2008 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods—Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus—Ancillary equipment—Conducted disturbances (CISPR 16-1-2: 2006, IDT)
GB/T 6113.104-2008 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods—Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus—Ancillary equipment—Radiated disturbances (CISPR 16-1-4: 2005, IDT)
GB 14048.5-2008 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear—Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching element—Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1: 2003, MOD)
GB/T 14048.7-2006 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear—Part 7-1: Ancillary equipment—Terminal blocks for copper conductors (IEC 60947-7-1: 2002, MOD)
GB/T 15969.1-2007 Programmable controllers—Part 1: General information (IEC 61131-1: 2003, IDT)
GB/T 15969.3-2005 Programmable controllers—Part 3: Programming languages (IEC 61131-3: 2002, IDT)
GB/T 15969.4-2007 Programmable controllers—Part 4: User guidelines (IEC 61131-4: 2004, IDT)
GB/T 16895.1-2008 Low-voltage electrical installations—Part 1: Fundamental principles, assessment of general characteristics, definitions (idt IEC 60364-1: 2005)
GB/T 16935.1-1997 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems—Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests (idt IEC 60664-1: 1992)
GB/T 16935.3-2005 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems—Part 3: Use of coating, potting or moulding for protection against pollution (idt IEC 60664-3: 2003, IDT)
GB/T 17626.2-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)—Testing and measurement techniques—Electrostatic discharge immunity test (IEC 61000-4-2: 2001, IDT)
GB/T 17626.4-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test (IEC 61000-4-4: 2004, IDT)
GB/T 17626.5-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Surge immunity test (IEC 61000-4-5: 2005, IDT)
GB/T 17626.6-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Immunity to conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields (IEC 61000-4-6: 2006, IDT)
GB/T 17626.8-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Power frequency magnetic field immunity test (IEC 61000-4-8: 2001, IDT)
GB/T 17626.11-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests (IEC 61000-4-11: 2004, IDT)
GB/T 17626.29-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility—Testing and measurement techniques—Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on d.c. input power port immunity tests (IEC 61000-4-29: 2000, IDT)
IEC 60060-1: 1992 High-voltage test techniques—Part 1: General definitions and test requirements
IEC 60068-2-1 :2007 Environmental testing—Part 2-1: Tests—Test A: Cold
IEC 60364-4-41: 2005 Electrical installations of buildings—Part 4-41: Protection for safety—Protection against electric shock
IEC 60947-5-2: 2004 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear—Part 5-2: Control circuit devices and switching elements—Proximity switches
IEC 60950-1: 2001 Information technology equipment—Safety—Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61000-4-3: 2006 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)—Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques—Radiated radio-frequency electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61 000-4-1 8:2006 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)—Part 4-18: Testing and measurement techniques—Damped oscillatory waves immunity test
IEC 61 000-6-1: 2005 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)—Part 6-1: Generic standards—Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments
IEC 61 000-6-2:2005 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)—Part 6-2: Generic standards—Immunity for industrial environments
IEC 61 000-6-4: 2006 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)—Part 6-4: Generic standards—Emission standard for industrial environments
CISPR 14-1:2005 Electromagnetic compatibility—Requirements for household appliances, electric tools and similar apparatus—Part 1: Emission;
CISPR 1 6-2-1: 2005 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods—Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity—Conducted disturbance measurements
CISPR 16-2-3: 2006 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods—Part 2-3: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity—Radiated disturbance measurements
2 Type tests
The object of this clause is to define how to verify compliance of the PLC and the associated peripherals with the requirements set forth in this standard. This compliance verification includes:
a) verification by type tests given in Clauses 6, 9 and 12;
b) verification by suitable examination, visual inspection or/and measurement.
These tests are qualification tests and not tests related to the ways PLCs are employed. According to the scope of this standard, the above compliance verification may not cover the verification of the ability of the PLC-system to satisfy the intended automated system requirements. Where needed, special tests, not covered by this standard, shall be agreed to by the manufacturer and the user.
In addition, routine tests are specified in Clause 13.
Note: Peripherals, used in the same environment as the PLC-system, shall meet the same requirements as the PLC-system.
Foreword i
Introduction iv
1 General
1.1 Scope and object
1.2 Compliance with this standard
1.3 Normative references
2 Type tests
2.1 Equipment to be tested (equipment under test/EUT)
2.2 Special features for immunity and EMC tests
2.3 Withstand test conditions
2.4 Verification procedure
2.5 Requirements for test programmes and proper functioning verification procedures (PFVPs) to be provided by the manufacturer
2.6 General conditions for tests
3 Terms and definitions
4 Normal service conditions and requirements
4.1 Climatic conditions and requirements
4.2 Mechanical service conditions and requirements
4.3 Transport and storage conditions and requirements
4.4 Electrical service conditions and requirements
4.5 Special conditions and requirements
5 Functional requirements
5.1 Functional power supply and memory back-up requirements
5.2 Digital I/Os
5.3 Analogue I/Os
5.4 Communication interface requirements
5.5 Main processing unit(s) and memory(ies) of the PLC-system requirements
5.6 Remote input/output stations (RIOSs) requirements
5.7 Peripherals (PADTs, TEs, HMIs) requirements
5.8 PLC-system self-tests and diagnostics requirements
5.9 Functional earthing
5.10 Installation requirements
5.11 General marking requirements
5.12 Requirements for normal service and functional type tests and verifications
5.13 Requirements for information on normal service and function
6 Normal service and functional type tests and verifications
6.1 Climatic tests
6.2 Dry-heat and cold withstand tests
6.3 Mechanical tests
6.4 Verification of special functional requirements for power supply ports and memory back-up – Special immunity limits for power supply ports
6.5 Verification of input/output requirements
6.6 Verification of communication interface requirements
6.7 Verification of MPU requirements
6.8 Verification of remote I/O stations
6.9 Verification of peripheral (PADTs, TEs, HMIs) requirements
6.10 Verification of PLC-system self-tests and diagnostics
6.11 Verification of markings and manufacturer's documentation
7 General information to be provided by the manufacturer
7.1 Information on type and content of documentation
7.2 Information on compliance with this standard
7.3 Information on reliability
7.4 Information on other conditions
7.5 Information on shipping and storage
7.6 Information on AC and DC power supply
7.7 Information on digital inputs (current sinking)
7.8 Information on digital outputs for alternating currents (current sourcing)
7.9 Information on digital outputs for direct current (current sourcing)
7.10 Information on analogue inputs
7.11 Information on analogue outputs
7.12 Information on communication interfaces
7.13 Information on main processing unit(s) and memory(ies) of the PLC-system
7.14 Information on remote input/output stations (RIOSs)
7.15 Information on peripherals (PADTs, TEs, HMIs)
7.16 Information on self-tests and diagnostics
8 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements
8.1 General
8.2 Emission requirements
8.3 EMC immunity requirements
8.4 Requirements for EMC tests and verifications
8.5 Requirements for information on EMC
9 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) type tests and verifications
9.1 Electromagnetic compatibility-related tests
9.2 Test environment
9.3 Measurement of radiated interference
9.4 Measurement of conducted interference
9.5 Electrostatic discharge
9.6 Radio-frequency electromagnetic field——Amplitude modulated
9.7 Power supply frequency magnetic fields
9.8 Fast transient bursts
9.9 High-energy surges
9.10 Conducted radiofrequency interference
9.11 Damped oscillatory wave (for zone C only)
9.12 Voltage dips and interruptions
10 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) information provided by the manufacturer
11 Safety requirements
11.1 Equipment types and protection
11.2 Protection against electrical shock
11.3 Protection against the spread of fire
11.4 Clearance and creepage distances requirements
11.5 Flame-retardant requirements for non-metallic materials
11.6 Temperature limits
11.7 Enclosures
11.8 Operator-accessible hazardous live field-wiring terminal constructional requirements
11.9 Provisions for protective earthing
11.10 Wiring
11.11 Switching devices
11.12 Components
11.13 Battery requirements
11.14 Maximum voltage and minimum voltage
11.15 Markings and identification
11.16 Requirements for safety type tests and verifications
11.17 Requirements for safety routine tests and verifications
11.18 Requirements for information on safety
12 Safety type tests and verifications
12.1 Safety-related mechanical tests and verifications
12.2 Safety-related electrical tests
12.3 Single-fault condition tests—overall test
12.4 Limited power supply circuits test
13 Safety routine tests
13.1 Dielectric withstand test
13.2 Dielectric withstand verification test
13.3 Protective earthing test
14 Safety information to be provided by the manufacturer
14.1 Information on evaluation of enclosures for open equipment (power dissipation)
14.2 Information on mechanical terminal connection
Annex A (Informative) Illustration of PLC-system hardware definitions
Annex B (Informative) Digital input standard operating range equations
Annex C (Normative) Test tools
Annex D (Informative) Zone C—EMC immunity levels
Annex E (Informative) Overvoltage example
Figure 1 EUT configurations
Figure 2 Typical interface/port diagram of a PLC-system
Figure 3 I/O parameters
Figure 4 U-I operation regions of current-sinking inputs
Figure 5 Temporary overload waveform for digital AC outputs
Figure 6 Temporary overload waveform for digital DC outputs
Figure 7 Third harmonic immunity test
Figure 8 Gradual shut-down/start-up test
Figure 9 Fast supply voltage variation test
Figure 10 Slow supply voltage variation test
Figure 11 EMC immunity zones
Figure 12 Impact withstand test procedure
Figure 13 Dielectric withstand test procedures
Table 1 General conditions for tests
Table 2 Operating ambient air temperature of PLC-systems
Table 3 Sinusoidal vibrations service conditions for PLC-systems
Table 4 Free fall on concrete floor for portable and hand-held equipment
Table 5 Free fall on concrete floor in manufacturer’s original packaging
Table 6 Rated values and operating ranges of incoming power supply
Table 7 Voltage interruptions (functional requirements)
Table 8 Standard operating ranges for digital inputs (current sinking)
Table 9 Rated values and operating ranges for current sourcing digital AC outputs
Table 10 Rated values and operating ranges (DC) for current-sourcing digital DC outputs
Table 11 Rated values and impedance limits for analogue inputs
Table 12 Rated values and impedance limits for analogue outputs
Table 13 Dry-heat and cold withstand tests
Table 14 Change of temperature, withstand and immunity tests
Table 15 Cyclic (12 + 12) damp-heat test
Table 16 Immunity vibration test
Table 17 Immunity shock test
Table 18 Free-drop immunity/withstand tests (portable and hand-held equipment)
Table 19 Free-drop withstand test (units within manufacturer's original packaging)
Table 20 Insertion/withdrawal of removable units
Table 21 Voltage ripple and frequency range immunity test
Table 22 Third harmonic immunity test
Table 23 Gradual shut-down/start-up test
Table 24 Supply voltage variation tests
Table 25 Voltage interruptions immunity test (Functional tests)
Table 26 Back-up duration withstand test
Table 27 Change of energy source test
Table 28 Overload and short-circuit tests for digital outputs
Table 29 Emission limits
Table 30 EMC immunity zones (example regarding surge)
Table 31 Level to prove the performance of a PLC-system against EMC disturbances
Table 32 Enclosure port tests, Zones A and B
Table 33 Conducted immunity tests, Zone B
Table 34 Conducted immunity tests, Zone A
Table 35 Voltage dips and interruptions (EMC requirements)
Table 36 Radiated emission measurement
Table 37 Conducted emission measurement
Table 38 Electrostatic discharge immunity test
Table 39 Radiated electromagnetic field immunity test
Table 40 Power supply frequency magnetic field immunity test
Table 41 Fast transient burst immunity test
Table 42 High-energy surge immunity test
Table 43 Conducted radiofrequency immunity test
Table 44 Damped oscillatory wave immunity test
Table 45 Voltage dips and interruptions immunity test
Table 46 Shock protection requirements for open and enclosed equipment
Table 47 Limits of output current and output power for inherently limited power supply
Table 48 Limits of output current, output power and ratings for over-current protective devices for non-inherently limited power supply
Table 49 Minimum clearances in air corresponding to over-voltage category II conditions (except for field wiring terminals) for basic/supplementary insulation
Table 50 Minimum clearances in air corresponding to over-voltage category II conditions (except for field wiring terminals) for double/reinforced insulation
Table 51 Minimum clearances in air at field-wiring terminals
Table 52 Minimum clearances in air for micro-environment where the voltages are known and controlled
Table 53 Classification of material group according to comparative tracking index (CTI)
Table 54 Minimum creepage distances for other than printed circuit boards1
Table 55 Minimum creepage distances for printed circuit boards 1,6,9 (basic and supplementary insulation)
Table 56 Minimum creepage distances related to recurring peak voltages on printed wiring boards without protective coating1 (pollution degrees 1 and 2)
Table 57 Temperature limits
Table 58 Impact withstand test1
Table 59 Operator accessibility tests
Table 60 Dielectric withstand voltages for impulse AC power supply-frequency and DC tests for basic/supplementary insulation5
Table 61 Dielectric withstand voltages for impulse AC power supply frequency and DC tests for double/reinforced insulation5
Table 62 Overload test circuit values
Table 63 Endurance test circuit values
Table 64 Routine dielectric withstand test5
