标准编号:	GB 50161-2022
中文名称:	烟花爆竹工程设计安全标准
英文名称:	Safety standard for design of engineering of fireworks
行业分类:	GB    国家标准
发布机构:	中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部
发布日期:	2022-09-08
实施日期:	2022-12-1
标准状态:	现行
替代旧标准:	GB 50161-2009 烟花爆竹工程设计安全规范
翻译语言:	英文
文件格式:	PDF
中文字符数:	74000 字
翻译价格(元):	5180.00 元
交付时间:	付款后 1~5 个工作日

1 General Provisions

1.0.1 To regulate the fireworks engineering safety design, to prevent major safety risks, to prevent production safety accidents, to protect the lives of the people, to promote the safe, sustainable, high-quality development of the fireworks industry, the development of this standard.

1.0.2 This standard applies to fireworks production and construction projects and wholesale warehouses of new construction, alteration and expansion of engineering design, not for fireworks retail stores (points) of engineering design.

1.0.3 The provisions of this standard relating to the external safety distance also apply to fireworks production and construction projects and wholesale warehouses around the residents, enterprises, towns, important facilities planning and construction.

1.0.4 The engineering design of fireworks production and construction projects and wholesale warehouses shall, in addition to this standard, conform to the provisions of the relevant national standards in force.

2 terms

2.0.1 fireworks production and construction projects

fireworks project

production of fireworks and fireworks for the production of black powder, pyrotechnics, fuses and other plants, warehouses, premises. And supporting facilities.

2.0.2

Dangerous goods

hazardous goods

The standard refers to black powder, pyrotechnic primers, single base gunpowder, oxidizer, reductant (combustible), etc., as well as the above items made of fireworks semi-finished products, finished products.

2.0.3

semi-finished products

semirfimished product

In part of the production stage has been completed, still need further processing of products.

2.0.4

Hazardous goods production buildinghazardous goods production building

Production, processing of dangerous goods building (structure)

2.0.5

hazardous goods transit store

Production process, in the plant area for temporary storage of drugs, fuse and drug parts, semi-finished products, finished products of the building (structure).

2.0.6

Hazardous goods general store area

hazardous goods general store area

Centralized storage of finished fireworks, black powder, pyrotechnics (effects). Fuse and other dangerous goods warehouse area of the area.

2.0.7

temporary storage cave

temporary explosive storage cave

In the vicinity of dangerous buildings (structures) natural mountain inlay, for the temporary storage of drugs cave.

2.0.8

dangerous building (structure) building

hazardous building

Production or storage of dangerous goods building (structure) buildings, including dangerous goods production plant, transit depot, storage warehouses, drying field, fireworks test site, temporary storage of black powder, pyrotechnics and effect pieces of the cave room.

2.0.9

calculated quantity of explosive

calculated quantity of explosive

Building (structure) building storage or processing used, can be a simultaneous explosion or combustion of the maximum amount of explosives.

2.0.10

design quantity of explosive

design quantity of explosive

Converted to TNT equivalent, the amount of hazardous materials that can explode at the same time.

2.0.11

external distance

external safety distance

The minimum safety distance allowed between the hazardous building (structure) and the external targets of the plant (storage area) under the specified damage criteria.

2.0.12

internal distance

internal safety distance

Hazardous building (structure) and adjacent building (structure) between the minimum distance should be met under the specified damage standards.

2.0.13

auxiliary room, aoxiliary room

In the dangerous building (structure) set up within the tool room, monitoring room, duty room, dressing. Room, bathroom, etc.

2.0.14

armor protection device

Installed in a specific place or set in a single specific equipment or operating positions of the device to prevent the device outside the personnel, materials or equipment by the possible local fire or explosion of the metal protection body.

2.0.15

blast resistant door

Set in the blast-resistant room blast-resistant structural wall, with the overall effect of blast shock wave resistance and penetration of the broken piece of the door.

2.0.16

delivery window

In the explosion-proof wall or safety isolation device specially set up to deliver hazardous materials, with explosion, fire-isolation window-type device.

2.0.17

emergency exit

Building (structure) building operators can directly evacuate to the outdoor safety of the exit.

2.0. 18

electrical installation in hazardous locations

Explosive or incendiary substances appear or may be expected to appear in quantities sufficient to meet the requirements

3 building (structure) hazard class and calculated dose

3.1 building (structure) hazard class

3.1.1 hazardous building (structure) of the danger level should be divided according to the following provisions:

1 1.1 level building (structure) buildings, for the building (structure) within the building of hazardous materials in the manufacture, storage, transport with the overall risk of explosion or the risk of bursting, its destructive effects will ripple around. Can be divided into the following classes according to the damage capacity:

1) 1. 1 ~ 1 level of construction (structure) buildings, for the construction (structure) of dangerous goods within the building in the event of an explosion, its destructive capacity equivalent to TNT plant and warehouse, a typical formulation of drugs TNT equivalent coefficient should be in line with the provisions of Appendix A of this standard;

2) 1.1-2 level building (structure) buildings, for the building (structure) buildings within the hazardous materials in the event of an explosion, its damage capacity equivalent to the plant and warehouse of black powder.

2 1.3 level building (structure) buildings. For the construction (structure) building hazardous materials in the manufacture, storage, transportation has a greater risk of combustion. Or a smaller explosion or a smaller burst of danger, or both, but no overall explosion risk, the damage effect is limited to the building (structure) within the building, the surrounding building (structure) impact is small.

Note: This standard uses "1. 1 level", including "1.1- 'level" and "1.1 ~ level".

3.1.2 The hazard level of the plant shall be determined by the most dangerous production process. The danger level of the warehouse shall be determined by the most dangerous goods stored therein.

3.1.3 The hazard level of the production process of dangerous goods should be in accordance with the provisions of Table 3.1.3-1.

The hazard level of dangerous goods warehouse should be in accordance with the provisions of Table 3.1.3-2.

3.1.4 the use of automated, continuous production process of fireworks plants, the level of risk should be the most dangerous or the most serious accident hazards of the production process to determine.

3.1.5 oxidizers, combustibles and other chemical raw materials warehouse fire hazard classification should be in line with the current national standard "Building Design Fire Code" GB50016 of the relevant provisions. Single room drug quantity is not greater than 20g and the building (structure) building total drug quantity is not greater than 300g of drug performance determination analysis room, according to the current national standard "Building Design Fire Code" GB50016 fire hazard related to the production of Class A plant fire design requirements.

3.1.6 single base gunpowder, electric ignition head production processes and safety requirements should be in accordance with the current national standard "Civilian Explosives Engineering Design Safety Standards" GB50089 and "Military Combustion Explosives Engineering Design Safety Code" WJ/QJ 30059 the relevant provisions of the implementation.

3.2 Calculation of the amount of medicine

3.2.1 dangerous building (structure) building all can explode or combustion of dangerous goods at the same time the amount of medicine, should be included in the dangerous building (structure) the calculated amount of medicine.

3.2.2 protective barrier within the amount of dangerous goods should be included in the protective barrier within the dangerous building (structure) of the calculated amount of medicine.

3.2.3 hazardous building (structure) building in the anti-explosive chamber of the amount of medicine can be excluded from the calculation of the amount of dangerous building (structure) building, but the building (structure) the calculated amount of medicine should not be less than one of the anti-explosive chamber of the maximum amount of medicine.

3.2.4 when the hazardous building (structure) building has been taken to separate protective measures, hazardous materials between each other will not cause simultaneous explosion or combustion, hazardous building (structure) the calculated amount of medicine can be calculated separately, but should take its maximum.

4 engineering planning and external distance

4.1 Engineering planning

4.1.1 fireworks production and construction projects and wholesale warehouses should be located in line with the spatial planning of the land and related planning requirements, and should avoid residential areas, schools, industrial areas, tourist areas, railroad and highway transport lines, high-voltage transmission lines.

4.1.2 fireworks production and construction projects should be based on the type of products produced, process characteristics, production capacity, the degree of danger, etc.. Set up non-hazardous goods production area, hazardous materials production area, hazardous materials total warehouse area, ignition test site area and destruction site administrative area, and shall comply with the following provisions:

1 should be based on production and transportation, management and life and other factors to determine the mutual location of each zone;

2 non-hazardous goods production area can be close to the residential areas of the administrative arrangements, hazardous materials production area, hazardous materials general warehouse area should be located in a natural barrier or conducive to the safety of the area, the burning test site and the destruction site should be located in isolated areas;

N3 hazardous materials production area and the general warehouse area of hazardous materials should be set up between the pyrotechnic transport of the plant road or special roads outside the plant;

4 transport of dangerous goods road should not pass through residential areas, unrelated human and cargo flow should not pass through the dangerous goods production area and the general warehouse area of dangerous goods.

4.1.3 When fireworks production and construction projects built in mountainous areas, the hazardous materials production area, the general warehouse area of hazardous materials, the test site or destruction site area should be laid out in a natural barrier in the remote areas, should not be the hazardous materials production area is laid out in the narrow valleys of steep slopes.

5 general layout and internal distance

5.1 General layout

5.1.1 general layout of the hazardous materials production area should comply with the following provisions:

1 the same production area for the production of fireworks multiple product categories, according to the characteristics of the production process, product types should be established separately production lines: and it is desirable to do sub-plot layout.

2 production line of the plant (warehouse) room of the total to face layout should meet the smooth production process and production capacity matching requirements, it is desirable to avoid the round trip and cross transport of dangerous goods.

3 the same level of danger and warehouse against the room should be concentrated; calculate the amount of drugs or dangerous plant and warehouse, should be arranged in the edge of the production area of dangerous goods or other terrain conducive to safety; dust pollution of the plant should be arranged in the edge of the plant, and should be arranged in the wide area of the minimum annual frequency of wind direction upwind side.

4 dangerous goods production plant arranged against the mountain, from the foot of the mountain should not be less than 3m; when the production of dangerous goods wide room arranged in the hollow of the mountain, should facilitate the safe evacuation of personnel and the diffusion of harmful gases?

5 dangerous goods transport roads should not be in other dangerous buildings (structures) within the protective barrier through.

5.1.2 general layout of the general warehouse area of hazardous materials should comply with the following provisions:

1 should be based on the warehouse's risk level and the calculated amount of drugs combined with the terrain layout;

2 more dangerous or calculated amount of dangerous goods warehouse, should not be laid out in the vicinity of the depot population;

3 dangerous goods transport road should not be in other dangerous goods warehouse protective barrier through;

4 chemical raw materials, drug warehouses, warehouses of finished products should be partitioned; the same level of risk of the warehouse should be arranged centrally, the calculated amount of drugs or dangerous warehouse should be arranged on the edge of the total warehouse area or other terrain conducive to safety.

1 General Provisions
2Terms
3 building (structure) hazard class and calculated dose
4 Engineering planning and external distance
5 General layout and internal distance
6Process and layout
7Dangerous goods storage and transportation
8Building structure
9Fire fighting water supply and fire fighting facilities
10Waste water treatment
11 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
12Electrical in hazardous locations
13 Automatic control and telecommunications
Annex A TNT Equivalence Factors for Typical Formulated Drugs
Annex B Protective Barrier Coverage

1总则
1.0.1 为规范烟花爆竹工程安全设计，防范重大安全风险,预防生产安全事故,保障人民群众生命安全，促进烟花爆竹行业安全、可持续、高质量发展,制定本标准。
1.0.2 本标准适用于烟花爆竹生产建设项目和批发经营仓库的新建、改建和扩建工程设计,不适用于烟花爆竹零售经营店(点)的工程设计。
1.0.3 本标准有关外部安全距离的规定也适用于在烟花爆竹生产建设项目和批发经营仓库周边进行居民点、企业、城镇、重要设施的规划建设。
1.0.4 烟花爆竹生产建设项目和批发经营仓库的工程设计,除应符合本标准外,尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。
2术语
2.0.1烟花爆竹生产建设工程
fireworks project
生产烟花爆竹及用于生产烟花爆竹的黑火药、烟火药、引火线等的厂房、库房、场所.以及配套设施。
2.0.2
危险品
hazardous goods
能够危及人体安全和财产安全的物品,本标准指黑火药、烟火药引火线、单基火药、氧化剂、还原剂(可燃物)等,以及用以上物品制成的烟花爆竹的半成品、成品。
2.0.3半成品
semirfimished product
在部分生产阶段上已完工,尚需进一步加工的产品。
2.0.4
危险品生产厂房hazardous goods production building
生产,加工危险品的建(构)筑物
2.0.5_危险品中转库hazardous goods transit store
生产过程中,在厂 区内用于暂存药物、引火线及有药部件、半成品、成品的建(构)筑物。
2.0.6危险 品总库区
hazardous goods general store area
集中设置储存烟花爆竹成品、黑火药、烟火药(效果件).引火线等危险品的仓库区的区域。
2.0.7临时存 药洞
temporary explosive storage cave
在危险性建(构)筑物附近自然山体内镶嵌的、用于临时存放药物的洞室。
2.0.8危险性建(构)筑物
hazardous building
生产或储存危险品的建(构)筑物，包括危险品的生产厂房、中转库、储存仓库、晾晒场,烟花爆竹试验场，临时存放黑火药、烟火药及效果件的洞室等。
2.0.9计算药量
calculated quantity of explosive
建(构)筑物内储存或加工使用的、能一次同时爆炸或燃烧的燃爆品最大药量。
2.0.10设计药量
design quantity of explosive
折合成TNT当量的、能同时爆炸的危险品药量。
2.0.11外部距离
external safety distance
危险性建(构)筑物与工厂(库区)外部各类目标之间,在规定的破坏标准下所允许的最小安全距离。
2.0.12内 部距离
internal safety distance
危险性建(构)筑物与相临建(构)筑物之间,在规定的破坏标准下应满足的最小距离。
2.0.13辅助用室， aoxiliary room
在危险性建(构)筑物内设置的工具室、监控室、值班室、更衣.室、卫生间等。
2.0.14装甲防护装置
armor, proteetive device
装于特定场所或设于单个特定设备或操作岗位的装置,以防止装置外的人员、物料或设备受到可能发生的局部火灾或爆炸侵害的金属防护体。
2.0.15抗爆门
blast resistant door
设置于抗爆间室抗爆结构墙上,具有抵抗爆炸冲击波整体作用和破片穿透作用的门。
2.0.16传递窗
delivery window
在防爆墙或安全隔离装置上专门设置的传递危险物料,具有隔爆、隔火作用的窗口式装置。
2.0.17安全出口
emergency exit
建(构)筑物内的作业人员能直接疏散到室外安全地带的出口。
2.0. 18电气危险 场所
electrical installation in hazardous locations
爆炸或燃烧性物质出现或预期可能出现的数量达到足以要求
3建(构)筑物危险等级和计算药量
3.1建(构)筑物 危险等级
3.1.1危险性建(构)筑物的危险等级应按下列规定划分:
1 1.1级建(构)筑物，为建(构)筑物内的危险品在制造、储存、运输中具有整体爆炸危险或有迸射危险,其破坏效应将波及周围。可根据破坏能力划分为下列等级:
1)1. 1~1级建(构)筑物，为建(构)筑物内的危险品发生爆炸事故时,其破坏能力相当于TNT的厂房和仓库，典型配方药物的TNT当量系数应符合本标准附录A的规定;
2)1.1-2级建(构)筑物,为建(构)筑物内的危险品发生爆炸事故时，其破坏能力相当于黑火药的厂房和仓库。
2 1.3级建(构)筑物.为建(构)筑物内的危险品在制造、储存、运输中具有较大的燃烧危险.或有较小爆炸或较小迸射危险,或两者兼有,但无整体爆炸危险，其破坏效应局限于本建(构)筑物内,对周围建(构)筑物影响较小。
注:本标准采用“1. 1级”时,包括“1.1- '级"和“1.1~级”。
3.1.2厂房的危险等级应由其中最危险的生产工序确定。仓库的危险等级应由其中所储存最危险的物品确定。
3.1.3危险品生产工序 的危险等级应符合表3.1.3-1的规定。
危险品仓库的危险等级应符合表3.1.3-2的规定。
3.1.4采用自动化、连续化生产工艺的烟花爆竹厂 房的危险等级,应由其中最危险或事故危害最严重的生产工序确定。
3.1.5氧化剂、可燃物及其他化工原材料仓库的火灾危险性分类应符合现行国家标准《建筑设计防火规范》GB50016的有关规定。单间药量不大于20g且建(构)筑物总药量不大于300g的药物性能测定分析室,可按现行国家标准《建筑设计防火规范》GB50016有关甲类火灾危险性生产厂房的防火要求设计。
3.1.6单基火药、电点火头生产工序的危险等级和安全要求应按国家现行标准《民用爆炸物品工程设计安全标准》GB50089和《军工燃烧爆炸品工程设计安全规范》WJ/QJ 30059 的有关规定执行。
3.2计算药量
3.2.1危 险性建(构)筑物内所有能同时爆炸或燃烧的危险品药量,均应计入该危险性建(构)筑物的计算药量。
3.2.2防护屏障内的危险品药量应计入该防护屏障内危险性建(构)筑物的计算药量。
3.2.3危险性建(构)筑物中抗爆间室的药量可不计人危险性建(构)筑物的计算药量,但该建(构)筑物的计算药量不应小于其中一个抗爆间室内的最大药量。
3.2.4当危险 性建(构)筑物内已采取分隔防护措施,危险品相互间不会引起同时爆炸或燃烧时,危险性建(构)筑物的计算药量可分别计算,但应取其最大值。
4工程规划和外部距离
4.1工程规划
4.1.1 烟花爆竹生产建设工程和批发经营仓库的选址应符合国土空间规划以及相关规划的要求,并应避开居民点、学校、工业区、旅游区、铁路和公路运输线、高压输电线等。
4.1.2烟花爆竹生产建设工程应根据所生产的产品种类、工艺特性、生产能力、危险程度等。分别设置非危险品生产区、危险品生产区、危险品总仓库区、燃放试验场区和销毁场行政区,并应符合下列规定:
1应根据生产运输、管理和生活等因素确定各区的相互位置;
2非危险品生产区可靠近行政区住宅区布置，危险品生产区、危险品总仓库区宜设在有自然屏障或有利于安全的地带,燃放试验场和销毁场宜单独设在偏僻地带;
N3危险品生产区和危险品总库区之间应设置烟火药运输的厂内道路或厂外专用道路;
4运输危险品的道路不宜通过住宅区,无关人流和货流不应通过危险品生产区和危险品总仓库区。.
4.1.3 当烟花爆竹生产建设项目建在山区时，应将危险品生产区、危险品总仓库区、燃放试验场或销毁场区布置在有自然屏障的偏僻地带,不宜将危险品生产区布置在山坡陡峭的狭窄沟谷中。
5总平面布置和内部距离
5.1 总平面布置
5.1.1 危险品生产区的总平面布置应符合下列规定:
1同一生产区生产烟花爆竹多个产品类别时,应根据生产工艺特性、产品种类分别建立生产线:并宜做到分小区布置。
2生产线的厂(库)房的总来面布置应满足生产工艺流程顺畅及生产能力匹配的要求,宜避免危险品的往返和交叉运输。
3同一危险等级的反房和仓库宜集中布置;计算药量大或危险性大的厂房和仓库,宜布置在危险品生产区的边缘或其他有利于安全的地形处;粉尘污染比较大的厂房应布置在厂区的边缘地带,且宜布置在广区全年最小频率风向的上风侧。
4危险品生产厂房靠山布置时，距山脚不宜小于3m;当危险品生产广房布置在山凹中时，应利于人员的安全疏散和有害气体的扩散?
5危险品运输道路不应在其他危险性建(构)筑物防护屏障内穿行通过。
5.1.2 危险品总仓库区的总平面布置应符合下列规定:
1应根据仓库的危险等级和计算药量结合地形布置;
2比较危险或计算药量较大的危险品仓库,不宜布置在库区出人口的附近;
3危险 品运输道路不应在其他危险品仓库防护屏障内穿行通过;
4化工原材料库、药物仓库、成品仓库宜分区布置;同一危险等级的仓库宜集中布置,计算药量大或危险性大的仓库宜布置在总仓库区的边缘或其他有利于安全的地形处。